Sutton Hoo
Moose 219
Created on January 13, 2024
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Transcript
The Mysteries of Sutton Hoo
Edith May Pretty, a wealthy resident of Suffolk, purchased the large Sutton Hoo estate. She quickly noticed large mounds of earth on her land, about 500 meters from her house. Having developed an interest in archaeology during her youth, she suspected these were burial mounds, artificially created to cover tombs. She therefore contacted the local archaeological society to excavate the site. The society entrusted you with the project and tasked you with answering one question: Who is buried at Sutton Hoo?
You identify 18 potential tombs on the site. To avoid wasting time, you decide to excavate Tomb No. 1, which is intact and one of the largest.
You discover this structure, which immediately reminds you of something, and you instantly ask yourself: why? (Formulate hypotheses about this tomb and the way it looks)
The excavations progress
You manage to establish a detailed excavation plan that records the artifacts found and their positions in Tomb No. 1
The sword
The sword found in the Sutton Hoo grave is a special weapon from the 7th century. It belonged to an important person. The blade was made by twisting pieces of iron together, creating a unique pattern. The handle was decorated with gold and red stones, showing that the owner was very rich. The sword was kept in a wooden cover to protect it. This sword is symbol of wealth and military power
A Helm
Une vue à 360 degrés du casque
The helmet is made of iron, covered with bronze and silver plates. It shows signs of damage and repairs. We can barely see on its side: dancing warriors and a battle scene. On the mask, the nose, eyebrows, and mustache also forms a flying dragon. Some of the represented motifs suggest that the blacksmith wanted to represent Scandinavian symbols but had limited knowledge of them
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The Egyptian bowl. It comes from a set of metal dishes that, based on how it was made and the designs, is believed to come from Egypt
The egyptian bowl
A carved and richly decorated scepter. It has Roman motifs and resembles the scepters carried by consuls in Rome.
The scepter
(This is a copy of the original chain. The original chain is very damaged and no longer recognizable). It is accompanied by a cauldron. The cauldron is placed in the prince's hall and used for cooking. The chain measures more than 5 meters.Why would anyone decide to put this very long chain in its grave ? What is the meaning of this choice ?
The cauldron and the chain
No body was found during the excavation. Bones can disappear when the soil is very acidic...However, large amounts of phosphate were found in this part of the tomb. We know that bodies produce phosphate when they decompose.
Where is the body ?
A silver dish marked with a stamp dating from the reign of the Byzantine Emperor Anastasius I (491 to 518)
A silver dish
The Eucharist spoon is a Christian religious object. It is used during the communion ceremony. The spoons are made of silver and have Greek engravings. One of them seems to be a copy of the first. The names "PAULOS" and "SAULOS" are engraved on them (these are Saint Paul's names before and after his conversion). The engraving is not very well done, and there is a mistake in writing "SAULOS," which suggests that the person did not know Greek very well.
The Eucharistic spoons
The leather of the purse has decomposed. The decoration is inspired by objects made along the Danube and depicts scenes often seen in the Scandinavian world. The gemstones come from Sri Lanka. It contains coins with the following origins: the Merovingian world and the Byzantine Empire.(The Merovingians were a Frankish dynasty that ruled over much of what is now France, Belgium, and parts of Germany from the 5th to the 8th century).
A purse and some coins
When you discover this music instrument, it is the first of its kind found in Northern Europe. It is made of maple wood, with parts in gold. The analysis of the garnets (the precious stones) shows that they come from India. In the Scandinavian world, a leader must entertain his guests. During banquets, he is the first to play music or recite a poem, and then he passes it to his most important guest.
The lyre
In the Scandinavian world, the drinking horn is an essential object, especially during festive occasions. These horns can hold more than a liter (usually mead or beer), are richly decorated, and made from aurochs' horns. Aurochs were large bovids that are now extinct. They were found only on the European continent and not on the British Isles...
The drinking horn