Connectivism
Adult learning theory
Socioculture
Elizabeth M. Hanner EDU 522 Curriculum Theories GCU
Learning Theories
References
Types of Learning
How Learning Occurs
Role of Memory
Theory's Characteristics
Major Theorists
Adult Learning Theory
Types of Learning
How Learning Occurs
Role of Memory
Theory's Characteristics
Major Theorists
Connectivism
Types of Learning
How Learning Occurs
Role of Memory
Theory's Characteristics
Major Theorists
Socioculture
Elizabeth M. Hanner EDU 522 Curriculum Theories GCU
Learning Theories
Duke, B., Harper, G., & Johnston, M. (2013). Connectivism as a digital age learning theory. The International HETL Review, 2013(Special Issue), pp. 4–13. Merriam, S. B. (2008). Adult learning theory for the twenty-first century. New Directions for Adult & Continuing Education, 2008(119), 93–98. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1002/ace.309 Pappas, C. (2013, May 9). The Adult Learning Theory - Andragogy - of Malcolm Knowles. ELearning Industry; eLearning Industry. https://elearningindustry.com/the-adult-learning-theory- andragogy-of-malcolm-knowles Verenikina, I. (2003). Vygotsky's Socio-Cultural Theory and the Zone of Proximal Development. In H. Hasan, E. Gould & I. Verenikina (Eds). Information Systems and Activity Theory: Expanding the Horizon, Wollongong: University of Wollongong Press (4-14).
Elizabeth M. Hanner EDU 522 Curriculum Theories GCU
References
Connectivism Role in Memory
Memory is distributed across networks within the learner's mind and in external tools, databases, and connections in the Connectivism Theory. The theory emphasizes the ability to access information rather than memorize it (Duke at el., 2013).
Sociocultural Role in Memory
Vygotsky believed memory capacity was a combination of nature and nurture (Verenikina, 2003). Therefore, memory is a social and cultural phenomenon involving individual and external supports, such as language and cultural artifacts, to aid memory and cognition.
George Siemens was born in Mexico. He is a Canadian expatriate professor of psychology at the University of Texas at Arlington.
Stephen Downes was born in Montreal Quebec. He is a Canadian philosopher and commentator in the fields of online learning and new media.
Key Theorists Associated With Connectivism
Adult Learning Theory How Does Learning Occur?
The Adult Learning Theory suggests that adults learn best when they are motivated and can connect the material to their lives. Self-directed learning and problem-solving are essential components (Merriam, 2008).
The term "andragogy" was popularized by Malcolm Knowles, an American educator, in the 1960s. Andragogy is the theory and practice of adult education (Pappas, 2013).
Adult Learning Theory (Andragogy)
Adult Learning Theory Role in Memory
Memory is viewed as a tool that adults use to draw on their wealth of experiences. Learning is often linked to prior knowledge and life experiences.
Connectivism How Does Learning Occur?
In Connectivism, learning occurs through the creation and traversal of networks. According to Duke, Harper, and Johnston (2013), learners develop the capacity to find and use information rather than memorizing it, leveraging connections and networks.
Lev Vygotsky was born in Orsha, Belorussia (now in Belarus). He died at the early age of 37.
Sociocultural Theory of Cognitive Development
Connectivism Types of Learning
According to Duke, Harper, and Johnston (2013), Connectivism is well-suited for explaining learning in the digital age, where information is abundant, rapidly changing, and distributed across various platforms. It is suggested that Connectivism is particularly relevant for understanding how individuals navigate and make sense of complex information landscapes.
Adult Learning Theory's Major Characteristics
Merriam (2008) stated that the Adult Learning Theory acknowledges adults' unique learning needs and characteristics, including their self-directed and experienced self-concept. The theory highlights the importance of involving learners in planning and evaluating their learning.
Connectivism Theory's Major Characteristics
Connectivism is a modern learning theory that focuses on the role of networks and connections in the learning process. This approach emphasizes the significance of navigating information and learning in digitally connected environments (Duke et al., 2013).
Socioculture How Does Learning Occur?
Learning occurs through social interaction and collaboration. The Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) represents the tasks that a learner can perform with the assistance of a more knowledgeable individual, driving the learner toward higher levels of competence (Verenikina, 2003).
Socioculture Types of Learning
Sociocultural Theory emphasizes collaborative learning, scaffolding, and the development of cultural tools to explain how learners acquire new skills through social interactions.
Adult Learning Theory Types of Learning
Merriam (2008) suggests that Andragogy is best suited for explaining learning in adult populations, especially in professional or vocational contexts. It applies to settings where learners possess a wealth of experiences, focusing on problem-solving and practical application of knowledge.
Sociocultural Theory's Major Characteristics
According to Verenikina (2003), Sociocultural Theory suggests that learning is influenced by social interactions, cultural context, and the zone of proximal development (ZPD). Therefore, learning is viewed as a collaborative process where individuals engage in social activities and dialogue. .
