TIMELINE - GLOBAL

2025

2003

2002

2004

Timeline U.S occupation

2001

1999

Twin towers attack Use of force against responsible Begins a bombing campaign ISAF

Anaconda operation Reconstruction of Afghanistan- PRTs

End of the major combat NATO-ISAF

Afghanistan constitution President Karzai Bin Laden video

So-called al-Qaeda and Taliban Sanctions Committee

2025

Timeline U.S occupation

2008

2007

2009

2006

2005

Strategic partners Democratic elections

Violence increased Divisions emerged

JUN 10President Bush announced a new route. AUG 29In the north of the country, the attacks on the Yazidi villages were severe.

March 3The Iraq government led by Chiitas (legitimate succession of Muhammad) received the president of Iran March 23The number of dead service members and defense department civilians reaches 4000. .March 24Baghdad and the west of Basra were set in violence, Muqtada al-Sadr attacked the security Iraqi forces.

• February 2009: President Obama announces plans to send 17,000 additional troops.

• March 2009: Obama unveils new strategy.

• April 2009: U.S. urges NATO nations to contribute non-military assets.

• May 11, 2009: Defense Secretary Gates replaces General McKiernan with General McChrystal.

• July 2009: U.S. Marine offensive in southern Afghanistan focuses on restoring services, strengthening police, and protecting civilians.

• November 2009: President Karzai secures another term amid fraud allegations.

• December 2009: Clinton ties future aid to anti-corruption efforts.

2025

Timeline U.S occupation

2018

2017

2019

2013

2010

2012

2014

2011

End of the War against ISIS: Although the conflict against ISIS continued after the liberation of Mosul, in December 2017, the Iraqi government officially declared victory over ISIS in Iraq in December 2017.

March 2012:

• Taliban opens office in Qatar for peace talks, but talks are suspended.
• U.S. plans to conclude combat missions.

June 2013:

• Afghan forces take lead in security nationwide.
• NATO hands over control of remaining districts.

Liberation of Mosul: In July 2017, Iraqi forces backed by the international coalition liberated the city of Mosul, which had been taken by ISIS in 2014.

March 2012 Taliban opens office in Qatar for peace talks, but talks are suspended; U.S. plans to conclude combat missions by mid-2013.

• May 27, 2014: Obama announces timetable for withdrawing most U.S. forces from Afghanistan.
• September 21, 2014: Afghan President Ghani signs power-sharing agreement.
• Rise of the Islamic State (ISIS):After the withdrawal of US troops, the extremist group ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria) gained strength in the region and took control of vast areas in Iraq and Syria.

• May 1, 2011:Osama bin Laden's death prompts plans to withdraw 33,000 troops
• June 22, 2011: President Obama outlines withdrawal plan amid public pressure.
• October 7, 2011: Tenth anniversary of U.S. war in Afghanistan.
• December 5, 2011: Bonn conference fails

December 18 Full Withdrawal of US Troops: The full withdrawal of US troops from Iraq was completed, ending direct US military involvement in the war.

2025

Timeline U.S occupation

2023

2022

2021

2020

• June 23, 2010: General McChrystal removed; General Petraeus appointed at a critical juncture.

• November 2010: NATO agrees to hand over security to Afghan forces.

• August 2010: The United States completed the withdrawal of its combat troops from Iraq, complying with the agreement signed in 2008.

Iraq’s first parliamentary elections since the fall of Saddam Hussein.Iraq’s interim government transfers power to a transitional government led by Ibrahim al-Jaafari.

Parliamentaries of Iraq

Second parliamentary elections held in Iraq.

January 30, 2005

June 20, 2005

December 15, 2005

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2020

• Intra-Afghan peace talks begin.
• The United States announces a troop withdrawal.

On November 19, 2008, United States President George W. Bush and Iraq signed the Troop Withdrawal Agreement, which established the schedule for the gradual withdrawal of US forces from Iraq.

2008 - Troop Withdrawal Agreement:

August 2008:

U.S. gunship mistakenly kills Afghan civilians in Herat

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• President Trump breaks off the peace talks with the Taliban.
• The Afghan President is killed in a Taliban attack.
• The United States and the Taliban sign a deal on a path to peace.

2019

Overall, the situation in Afghanistan in 2022 was very dire, with the population facing a number of challenges, including a lack of humanitarian assistance, a struggling economy, restrictions on human rights, and a humanitarian crisis exacerbated by natural disasters.

• Afghanistan's poverty rate increased to 97% in 2022 from 47% in 2020 due to international isolation and the Taliban takeover.
• The exodus of skilled workers left many sectors under-resourced.
• Restrictions on women's rights, freedom of the media, and freedom of expression increased significantly.
• Afghanistan is currently the only country in the world where girls are banned from attending secondary school.

2023: consequences

Interim government established in Iraq led by Iyad Allawi.

New government in Iraq

First Battle of Fallujah

Second Battle of Fallujah

U.S coalition launched a major offensive to control the city. Te fighting was intense. After days the coalition failed and decided to withdraw. Fallujah remained a stronghold for insurgents

The objective was to eliminate insurgent strongholds in Fallujah and reestablish the order. The coalition employed heavy artillery and air support, after weeks, the coalition declared victory.It is considered a pivotal moment in the Iraq war

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Saddam Hussein, former president of Iraq is captured by U.S. forces.

End of the combat operations

December 13, 2003

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• President Biden announces that the United States will withdraw all troops from Afghanistan by September 11, 2021.
• The Afghan government collapses as the Taliban take Kabul.
• The United States completes its withdrawal from Afghanistan.

2021

The invasion of Afghanistan begins in the part of U.S. and the international coalition, in response to the attacks of September 11, 2001.

October 7, 2001

Invasion of Afghanistan

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Feb 22

The Akariya Shrine in Samarra was hit by a powerful bomb

Apr 22

Nuri Kamal al-Maliki was the nominee for prime minister

Dec 30

Saddam Hussein died after being hanged.

The president of the United States of America, George W. Bush announces a troop surge in Iraq as part of the strategy known as “The Surge”.

The Surge

January 10, 2007

May, 2007

Taliban commander Mullah Dadullah was killed

• The Biden administration releases a report saying the Trump administration bears heavy responsibility for waiting too long to begin preparing to withdraw troops.

• The Taliban roll back and roll back all the gains made in liberal and democratic rights and freedoms over the past twenty years.
• More than 120,000 Afghans are airlifted and resettled around the world.
• The United Nations launches the largest single-country appeal in history for humanitarian aid in Afghanistan.
• The Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction issues an interim assessment of U.S. participation and withdrawal in Afghanistan.

2022

• Negotiations between the United States and the Taliban in Doha enter their highest level yet.
• The Trump administration plans to pull out seven thousand troops from Afghanistan.

End of the War against ISIS: Although the conflict against ISIS continued after the liberation of Mosul, in December 2017, the Iraqi government officially declared victory over ISIS in Iraq

2018

• The United States drops a powerful non-nuclear bomb on Islamic State militants in Afghanistan.
• The Taliban carry out a series of bold terror attacks in Kabul.
• The Trump administration cuts off security assistance to Pakistan because they believe they are harboring Taliban militants.

2017