EDU 522 wk2

References

Learning Theories

By Madison GutierrezEDU 522, 2023.

References

Adult learning

Connectivism

Sociocultural

index

Sociolcultural

Connectivism

Adult Learning

References

• Cherry, K. (2022). What is sociocultural theory? Verywell mind. https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-sociocultural-theory-2795088
• O’neill, E. (2023). What is adult learning theory? LearnUpon Blog. https://www.learnupon.com/blog/adult-learning-theory/
• Western Governors University. (2021). Connectivism learning theory. https://www.wgu.edu/blog/connectivism-learning-theory2105.html#close

References

• Cherry, K. (2022). What is sociocultural theory? Verywell mind. https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-sociocultural-theory-2795088
• O’neill, E. (2023). What is adult learning theory? LearnUpon Blog. https://www.learnupon.com/blog/adult-learning-theory/
• Western Governors University. (2021). Connectivism learning theory. https://www.wgu.edu/blog/connectivism-learning-theory2105.html#close

Some examples of connectivism include: - Implementing social media into the classroom. - Including competitive games and competition.- Including simulations.(Western Governors University, 2021). These examples show that students type of learning aligns with collaboration and by implementing things that are relevant in their lives like technology. Connectivism really aligns with distance learning as well.

In connectivism learning theory learning occurs through the use of technology and collaboration. This gives the chance for peers to stay connected and learn of each other opinions. Further, this theory gives students more accountability of their own learning where they take control of their own learning experience (Western Governors University, 2021).

The role of memory is of one that is happening with technology. As connectivism encourages the use of technology the need to remember certain topics for individuals decreases. However, connectivism also has a benefit of including collaboration. It is through collaboration where a lot of learning happens thus strengthening those long term memories.

Some examples of Adult learning include: - Real world problems.- Include collaboration. - allow more autonomy O'niell (2023) mentions that self- concept also makes a difference in adult learning where the type of learning shifts from dependence on the instructor to independent thinking.

Lev Vygotsky was the major theorist behind the sociocultural theory of learning. This theory is based on the fact that people learn first through social interaction amongst peers and others around them which then plays a role in psychological development (Cherry, 2022).

Major Characteristics- Learning is a social process- Zone of proximital development- scaffolding

O'niell (2023) mentions that learning for adults when there is more indpendence given for adults to make decisions about their learning. The topics also need to be relevant and meaningful as adults will have previous experiences that add to the topics being taught.

Memory does play a role in socialcultural learning theory. Memory is thought to be strengthened through these interactions in the individuals culture. In this theory culture also plays a role in a child's learning. One culture can might focus on learning strategies while another could focus on rote memory (Cherry, 2022).

Adult learning theory was founded by Malcolm Knowles in 1968 (O'niell, 2023). This theory really focuses on how adults best learn as it is different compared to how youth learn.

In adult learning the role of memory is different then of learning for youth. O'niell (2023) mentions that memorizing facts is not the way that adult learn. Adults need to learn by solving problems and reasoning. As human beings age memory becomes harder to retain. Thus adult learning theory suggests that in order for adults to learn they need to be able to relate what they are learning to real life and have plenty of practice.

According to the theory learning occurs through interactions with others around. From Cherry (2022) sociocultural theory suggests that learning is done through a social process and the cognitive function is effected through those social interactions.

There are two major theorist involved in the connectivism learning theory, George Siemens and Stephen Dowens. Siemens and Dowens came up with some important principles of connectivism that help with learning, which include: diversity of opinions, connecting, learning is more crucial than knowing, and decision is a process ( Western Governors University, 2021).

A few examples of Sociocultural learning theory include: - Scaffolding lessons for students. - Implementing time for intereactions such as group work or classroom discussions. - Guided practice, which goes along with zone of proximital development. (Cherry, 2022)These examples show the type of learning that occurs in this theory. Learning occurs in a structured format where students need guided practice in the zone of proximital development.