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Biomolecules and cells
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Biomolecules and cells

Lysosomes and peroxisomes are membranous vesicles that contain enzymes.

  • Lysosomes carry out intracellular digestion
  • and peroxisomes control different oxidation reactions.

Lysosomes and peroxisomes

The nucleus controls the activities of the cell. Nuclear DNA contains the information needed for the synthesis of most proteins in the cell. The nucleus has three distinctive parts:The nuclear envelope is made up of two membranes and has pores that allow molecules to move to and from the cytoplasm. The external membrane is the continuation of the endoplasmic reticulum and has associated ribosomes. Chromatin is composed of DNA molecules and proteins called histones. It forms long fibres that are cut and condensed during cell division to form chromosomes. It is surrounded by the nucleoplasm, a liquid similar to cytosol. The nucleolus is a nuclear structure rich in DNA, RNA and proteins. Ribosomal RNA is formed in the nucleolus.

Nucleus

They are interconnected networks of membrane-enclosed sacs and tubes. There are two types: •Rough endoplasmic reticulum have ribosomes on the outer face of the membrane, which make proteins and pass them to the Golgi apparatus. •Smooth endoplasmic reticulum do not have ribosomes but produce lipids and eliminate toxins.

Endoplasmic reticulum

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