2P Chemistry HM

Jesús Alejandro Castillo Camargo 1°H

METHODS FOR CHANGE A SUBSTANCE FROM HOMOGENEOUS TO HETEROGENEOUS AND RETURN.

NUMBER 1

Temperature: Increasing the temperature favors the movement of the molecules in the solution and with it their rapid diffusion. Furthermore, a elevated temperature causes the energy of the solid particles, ions or molecules is high and can easily leave its surface, dissolving.

methods for changing a heterogeneous mixture into a homogeneous one.

Desalination of sea water, where the aim is to take advantage of the solvent vapor.

Food preservation.

APLICATIONS

Filtration: Process of separating solid particles from a liquid using a porous material called a filter. The technique consists of pouring the solid-liquid mixture that you want to treat over a filter that allows the liquid to pass but retains the solid particles.First you have a heterogeneous mixture and when you separate you have a homogeneous mixture.

NUMBER 2

Water filtration.

Filtering coffee grounds.

APLICATIONS

NUMBER 3

Sublimation. There are certain substances that can go from the solid to the gaseous state, in such a way that when they are present in a heterogeneous mixture, it is possible to separate them by converting a solid into a gas, that is, sublimating this solid.

For the purification of relatively volatile substances such as naphthalene.

Separation of iodine from sand.

APLICATIONS

METHODS FOR chanGE a homogeneous mixture into a heterogeneous one.

Centrifugation

Chromatography

Decantation

NUMBER 1DECANTATION

Decantation is a physical procedure in which a solid or liquid with a higher density is separated from another that, having a lower density, occupies the upper part of a heterogeneous mixture. For example: water purification, juice production, milk cream.

Oil production

Separation of wine sediments.

APLICATIONS

Separation of components by their affinity to a mobile phase and a fixed phase. The mobile phase moves dragging the different components of the mixture, which separate as they collide with the fixed phase.

Chromatography

Blood test.

Separation of plant pigments in paper.

APLICATIONS

CENTRIFUGATION

Centrifugation is a physical procedure that allows the separation of particles, whether cells, organelles, molecules, etc. based on the different speed at which they sediment in an aqueous medium under the action of a centrifugal field.

Latex cleaning. In the latex industry, it is necessary to clean the substance, whose surface is particularly prone to the adhesion of other particles, and this is carried out through centrifugation, given the low density of the substance.

To separate red blood cells from blood plasma.

APLICATIONS

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