Oscar Wilde
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Created on September 17, 2023
oliver twist
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Transcript
Oliver Twist
The Author
The characters
"No one is useless in this world if he knows how to lighten another man's burdens"
Charles Dickens
The plot
The moral
Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde (16 October 1854 – 30 November 1900) was an Irish poet and playwright. After writing in different forms throughout the 1880s, the early 1890s saw him become one of the most popular playwrights in London. He is best remembered for his epigrams and plays, his novel The Picture of Dorian Gray, and the circumstances of his criminal conviction for "gross indecency", imprisonment, and early death at age 46. Wilde's parents were successful Anglo-Irish intellectuals in Dublin. A young Wilde learned to speak fluent French and German. At university, Wilde demonstrated himself to be an exceptional classicist, first at Trinity College Dublin, then at Oxford. He became associated with the emerging philosophy of aestheticism, led by Walter Pater and John Ruskin. After university, Wilde moved to London into fashionable cultural and social circles. Known for his biting wit, flamboyant dress and glittering conversational skill, Wilde became one of the best-known personalities of his day. In 1890, he wrote what would be his only novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray. He wrote Salome (1891) and produced four society comedies in the early 1890s, which made him one of the most successful playwrights of late-Victorian London. At the height of his fame and success, while The Importance of Being Earnest (1895) was still being performed in London, Wilde had his lover's father, prosecuted for criminal libel. The trial unearthed evidence that led to Wilde's own arrest and trial for gross indecency with men. He was convicted and sentenced to two years' hard labour, the maximum penalty, and was jailed from 1895 to 1897. On his release, he left immediately for France, never to return to Ireland or Britain. Weakened by his time in prison and the harsh circumstances he faced socially, Wilde died of meningitis on 30 November 1900. His legacy lives on.
Selected Works
- Ravenna (1878)
- Poems (1881)
- The Happy Prince and Other Stories (1888, fairy stories)
- Lord Arthur Savile's Crime and Other Stories (1891, stories)
- A House of Pomegranates (1891, fairy stories)
- Intentions (1891, essays and dialogues on aesthetics)
- The Picture of Dorian Gray (first published in Lippincott's Monthly Magazine July 1890, in book form in 1891; novel)
- The Soul of Man under Socialism (1891, political essay)
- Lady Windermere's Fan (1892, play)
- A Woman of No Importance (1893, play)
- An Ideal Husband (performed 1895, published 1898; play)
- The Importance of Being Earnest (performed 1895, published 1898; play)
- De Profundis (written 1897, published variously 1905, 1908, 1949, 1962; epistle)
- The Ballad of Reading Gaol (1898, poem)
Charles Dickens is considered one of the greatest English authors of his century, and is considered by critics to be the "founder" of the social novel, which deals with the life of economically disadvantaged social classes and denounces situations of abuse and prejudice. He goes through a tortuous adolescence, in fact at the age of fifteen, following the ruin of his family, he enters the Ellis & Blackmore law firm as a trainee. In 1832 he began collaborating with some newspapers as a reporter. From 1836, however, his life began to take a turning point after the creation and publication of his novels. 1849 and in November 1850 the novel David Copperfield was published monthly in a newspaper owned by Dickens; the idea of a work written in the first person was suggested to the writer by his friend and confidant John Forster. In the autobiographical work, one can recognize characters and situations that Dickens himself had known and experienced firsthand. He died on June 9, 1970.
Play
The story centers on the orphan Oliver Twist, born in a women's workhouse and exploited as a child worker in a funeral home. After escaping, Oliver arrives in London, where he meets the Artful Dodger, a thief and member of a gang of young pickpockets, led by the old Fagin.
Oliver is therefore welcomed into the house by Mr. Brownlow and treated with much affection. One bad day, however, while he is outside the house running an errand for the elderly gentleman, Oliver is kidnapped, with a ruse, by Bill Sikes and Nancy who take him back to Fagin. Mr. Brownlow, not seeing Oliver return, begins to doubt the child's good faith, but nevertheless publishes an advertisement to find him; Mr. Grinwing introduces himself and describes Oliver as a petty criminal, compromising his reputation in Brownlow's eyes. Oliver, meanwhile, is forced by the gang to take part in a robbery he planned to carry out in the rich Maylie villa; however the operation goes badly and Oliver is injured by a gunshot. At the end of the novel Oliver Twist and his aunt are adopted by Mr. Brownlow. While all of Fagin's crimes are discovered he is arrested but after a few days he dies in cell. Rose marries her fiancé Harry and goes to live near Oliver Twist.
The Plot
Dodger is a pickpocket, so called because of his skill and cunning in that occupation. He is a member of the gang of criminal kids trained by the elder Fagin.
Originally from London, Fagin is described as "disgusting" to look at. He is the leader of a group of petty thieves, whom he teaches to live by pickpocketing and other criminal activities, keeping part of the proceeds from the thefts for himself in exchange for the accommodation provided to them.
Brownlow is a bookish and kind middle-aged bachelor who helps Oliver escape Fagin's clutches. He later adopts Oliver Twist by the end of the novel.
Mr Sowerberry is an undertaker and coffin maker who owns and runs a small dark shop in a small town about 120km from London.
The Characters
Oliver Twist is a 9/10 year old boy with a small and tender face who, orphaned from birth, lives among thieves and rich people who help him escape from an evil fate that would see him as a thief on the streets of the city. As Dickens says he is a champion of humanity.
The Main Character
Oliver Twist, the second novel by the English writer Charles Dickens (1812-1870), was published in installments - like most of the masterpieces of nineteenth-century fiction - between February 1837 and April 1839. The work, which inaugurated the of the “social novel” 1 in English literature, tells the adventurous story of an orphan, Oliver Twist, who, having escaped from the orphanage, lives on the streets of London, getting by with petty thefts and thefts. Unlike the first novel, The Pickwick Papers (1836-1837), marked by a profound vein of irony and the idealization of English society, Oliver Twist is a work with a more dramatic character, given that it deals with some burning problems of Victorian England at the time of the Industrial Revolution, such as the exploitation of child labor in factories, the degradation of working-class neighborhoods (slums), the issue of social injustice.
What the book wants to teach is that in life you encounter many obstacles, but the important thing is to be yourself and not trust false and bad people like those encountered by Oliver because in the end sincerity and honesty are always recognized and rewarded ...
The moral
Dickens greatly criticizes the apparently functional system of education of the poorest children in orphanages, where the children are mistreated and are not guaranteed any protection, so much so that the municipal money intended for the latter is often pocketed by the municipal messengers or the directors of the orphanages themselves. In addition to child abuse and exploitation, Dickens also highlights many difficulties related to the social structure. Without delving too deeply into Victorian history, let's just say that a social leap was almost impossible at the time and that in certain contexts crime was almost the only way to feed one's family. History repeats itself even today in the poorest societies, even if more than a century has pas