Learning Theories Part 1

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Learning Theories Part 2

Social

Sociocultural Learning Theory

Connectivism

Adult Learning Theory

Tonisha Jackson ECU-522

George Siemens is a major theorist who believes that students have more access to information than ever before because of the digital age. He thought that diverse opinions and the process of connection are where learning and knowledge occur. (Corbett & Spinello, 2020)

Connectivism is a newer learning theory that focuses on technology. Connectivism believes that learning occurs through sharing opinions and ideas, taking in information, and when learners use prior knowledge to connect to what they are currently learning. Learning communities such as social media play a significant role in learning. (Corbett & Spinello, 2020)

Malcolm Knowles developed Adult Learning Theory, also known as andragogy, in 1968. He believed that adults and children learn differently based on an individual's learning style. Knowles believed that adults do not comprehend, retain, or process information as children do. (O'Neill, 2022)

The significant characteristics of adult learning theory are that learning occurs through self-directed learning, life experiences, and using the knowledge to apply to real-life situations and new roles. Learners are externally motivated, such as social relationships and welfare. (O'Neill, 2022)

The prominent theorist is Lev Vygotsky, who believed that whomever you interact with is partly responsible for helping to develop the brain's higher-order functions. Vygotsky believed that social interactions helped human development, and it varied between cultures. (Mcleod, 2023)

The significant characteristic of Sociocultural Learning theory is that it is based on the importance of sociology and psychology. It demonstrates people's preference for individual learning, sociocultural, and cognitive functions. (Mcleod, 2023)

Vygotsky believed that children were born with memory, and its development increases through social interactions, especially role models such as caregivers and learning help children learn how and what to think about (Ornstein & Hunkins, 2017)

The sociocultural theory believes that role models in people's lives help with psychological development; therefore, caregivers and educators are essential to people's development and personal learning. According to sociocultural learning theory, learners make connections to their education, social life, and culture and are meaningful. (Maim, 2023) The best type of learning is through active learning and social interactions. Having students learn through discussions, peer-to-peer learning, and observations as they work through high-order tasks.(Maim, 2023)

In Connectivism, memory is associated with the technology used in acquiring knowledge and not the human memory. The need to store information that is readily available through technology decreases the use of the brain. (Corbett & Spinello, 2020)

Memory plays a role in adult learning as prior knowledge and experiences are used to connect to new knowledge. Adults can apply prior knowledge and understanding using actual life applications. (O'Neill, 2022)

Technology is a significant factor in connectivism learning theory and focuses on peer learning and collaboration. Students can learn and spread information and knowledge quickly through digital channels. Therefore, education is best using digital learning, such as turning assignments or topics into a digital game using a learning-based app such as Kahoot or Prodigy. Learning also happens through collaboration, where students can share ideas and learn from each other. (Corbett & Spinello, 2020)

According to Knowles, learning occurs when adults can invest in what they are learning because it connects to their world. The six factors that adult learning theory is based on are adult experiences, self-directedness, readiness to learn, relevances to life, and self-motivation. (O'Neill, 2022) Learning happens best when there is a purpose and when learning includes self-directed learning, real-world applications, and collaboration.

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VERTICAL SCHEME MIND MAP

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