Political instability in Africa

1. Several coups d'état have taken place since 2020
2. New international relations policies
3. The uncertain future of Africa

Political instability in Africa since 2020

• Chad
• Mali
• Niger
• Guinée
• Gabon
• Soudan
• Burkina Faso

7 coups d'états in 3 years

Africa : the continent most affected by coups d'état in the 21st century

new strongman: colonel Goïta

2nd ousted president: Bah N'Daw

1st ousted president: Keïta

MALI

new strongman: General Mahamat Idriss Déby

ousted president: Idriss Déby (father)

GigaChad

CHAD

Ibrahim Traoré

new strongman in last 2022

new strongman& 2nd ousted: lieutenant-colonel Damiba

ousted president: Marc Kaboré

BURKINA FASO

new strongman: General Tchiani

ousted president: Mohamed Bazoum

NIGER

new strongman: General Brice Oligui Nguema

ousted president: Ali Bongo Ondimba

GABON

France helps the Chadian army fight FACT and has its main base for Operation Barkhane

In 2019, France carried out strikes in Chad to protect President Déby’s power

INTERNATIONAL RELATION POLICIES

Mali and Burkina Faso have chosen to follow Russia and exclude any link with France

INTERNATIONAL RELATION POLICIES

to restore order in the country as the transition plan is deemed unacceptable

ECOWAS (=CEDEAO) ordered the immediate activation of its intervention force

About Niger

West Africa is holding its breath. ECOWAS decided on Thursday evening to deploy its «standby force» to restore constitutional order in Niger and will help in Gabon (even if Gabon isn't a member).

Concerning Gabon, ECOWAS also plans a military intervention

What will the neighbouring states of the putschists do ?

How will States with a presence in these two territories and being hunted react ?

What will the UNO decide regarding the 2 summer coups (Niger and Gabon) ?

the future seems uncertain

...some groups are taking root and...

Some states cut bonds ...