C. difficile
BSN1A-BANDA CRISTINA
Created on April 22, 2023
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Transcript
Presenter: Banda, Cristina
(CDAD)
Clostridium difficile-Associated Diseases
Bacterial Infections of The Gastrointestinal Tract
Definition ofC. Difficile
Laboratory Diagnosis
RESERVOIRSAND MODE OF TRANSMISSION
Pathogens
Symptoms
Intro
CLOSTRIDIUM difficile
CONTENTS
- Antibiotics target bacteria by taking advantage of structures and processes that bacterial cells have that are different from our own cells.
Why ANTIBIOTICS?
- It happens when antibiotics disturb the natural balance of bacteria in your intestines.
pseudomembranous colitis surgery
it is a condition caused by the overgrowth of the bacterium Clostridium difficile in the colon (Intestine), leading to inflammation of the colon and diarrhea. CDAD can range in severity from mild diarrhea to life-threatening inflammation of the colon.
- Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (ADD) and pseudomembranous colitis (PMC)
- It does not seem to matter what condition the patient was receiving antibiotics.
- colonic microbes, such as cephalosporins, ampicillin, amoxicillin, and clindamycin.
Clostridium difficile - Associated Diseases
C. Difficile Colitis
Weight Loss
Dehydration
Fever
Loss of Appetite
Abdominal pain and cramping
Watery diarrhea
The symptoms of Clostridium difficile-associated disease (CDAD) can range from mild to severe and can include:
SYMPTOMS
Formerly known as Clostridioides difficile is one of the most common microorganisms responsible for gastrointestinal illnesses in hospitals and nursing homes worldwide. It is a gram-positive spore-forming, anaerobic, human pathogen. It produces three toxins: 1. Toxin A 2. Toxin B3. CDT (Clostridium Difficile Test)
C. difficile
PATHOGEN
C. DIFFICILE
Reservoirs and Mode of Transmission
Human intestines
C. difficile has been found in the feces of some animals such as pigs, cows, and dogs, and in soil, water, and food samples.
C. difficile spores can survive for months on surfaces such as bedrails, toilets, floors, and medical equipment, and can be transferred to hands, clothing, or other surfaces by healthcare workers, visitors, or patients themselves
C. difficile is a commensal bacterium that can be found in the gut microbiota of about 2-5% of healthy adults and up to 30% of hospitalized patients.
Animals and the environment
Contaminated surfaces and object
C.difficile Is Identified In the laboratory using a variety of phenotypic characteristics. However, diagnosis of C. difficile-associated diseases is most often accomplished using some type of commercial enzyme :
- Immunoassay - (to detect glutamate dehydrogenase)
- cytotoxin tissue culture assay
- or, most recently, molecular diagnostic testing
Laboratory Diagnosis
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