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By: Monaraye, Cynthia, Peter

Mystery Breakout

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You have entered a dark and unknown world from which you have to get out before it's too late and you will be locked in forever.

Intro

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Citric acid Cycle

He probably has been over working his body with all the training

A 27-year-old marathon runner comes into the doctor's office to get some blood work done before his next race. The results come back that his lactic acid levels are exceedingly high. What could be the cause of this?

The runner has a pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphates deficiency, which causes the complex to always be phosphorylated

There is a mutation in the glycolytic pathway that is causing a large amount of lactic acid to be produced

Which statement(s) are correct?

NADH is preferrable to FADH2.

There are other molecules more efficient than NADH and FADH2.

FADH is more efficient than NADH H+ at harvesting electrons.

Answer the questions and you will find out the address of the following scenario

A businessman started experiencing numbness in his arm. A checkup with the doctor indicated that his protein levels were rather low and that there might be an issue with the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) in the citric acid cycle. How could an issue with IDH lead to his low protein levels?

A decrease in α-ketoglutarate production which stimulates protein synthesis

A mutation occurring within the pyruvate pathway which led to underproduction of acetyl-CoA

An excess amount of ATP being produced which inhibits PDK activity

Answer the questions and you will find out the address of the following scenario

Mission 1 completed

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Completed

Oxidative Phosphorlation

Now entering Mission 2

Drag and discover

A patient comes into the ER with a rare mitochondrial disease, that is caused by high ATP hydrolysis? What would cause this to happen?

ATP synthase not being regulated by the IF1 protein

The uncoupling protein is not present.

Too much ATP being made by oxidative phosphorylation

Complex III since I and II both send them to Ubiquinone before transferring them to III; all others receive electrons from a single complex.

Which complex is known for receiving electrons from other complexes more than others

Complex II

Complex I

The NAD+ can’t be regenerated from NADH thus causing citric acid cycle to be halted

What would happen if there were to be a lack of oxygen in the citric acid cycle?

The electron transport chain will take in a different source to act as a substitute for the electron acceptor

Nothing would change the citric acid cycle would still proceed like normal

Completed

Completed

Glycogen

Last mission

Remember the code

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216

Phosphoglucomutase converts glucose 1-phosphate into glucose 6-phosphate

An adolescent has a disease where their body can only store low amounts of glycogen in the liver. Deficiency of what enzyme would cause this and why?

Glycogen synthase catalyzing the transfer of glucose from UDP-glucose to a growing chain

Glycogen phosphorylation degrades glycogen from the nonreducing end.

If a chain of glycogen is broken,

1-6 alpha glycosidic bonds predominate

1-6 alpha glycosidic bonds will break, and 1-4 alpha glycosidic bonds are formed instead with the help of enzymes

All bonds break and glucose molecules predominate

A young child has a genetic condition in which their body can’t break down glycogen into glucose. An examination revealed that there is an issue with the glycogenolysis process. Which scenario could cause this condition to occur, and why?

Excess amount of glucagon, which causes a deficiency in the restraining influence of insulin

Inhibition of G-6-phosphatase, thus promoting the state of Glucose-6-phosphate and preventing the release of glucose in the bloodstream

Overstimulation of glycogen phosphorylase, which leads to the degradation of glycogen

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