Copy - Edward Jenner and the first vaccine

Edward Jenner and the first vaccine

Edward Jenner and the first vaccine

Edward Jenner and the first vaccine

Edward Jenner and the first vaccine

Edward Jenner was a country doctor and a naturalist who lived in the (13th)XIII century.He was born on 17th of May 1749 in Berkeley, in England. (When he was seven years old, he studied in the grammar school of Cirencester.) At the age of 12, he finished his studys of grammar at the school of Cirencester and decided to become a doctor.When he was 21, he moved to London and started an apprenticeship with John Hunter, an ex-surgeon.In 1773 he returned to Berkeley, where he married Catherine and had three children. He also became a member of the Royal Society, for his treatises on the cuckoo.He died on the 26th of January 1823.

edward jenner

Smallpox is a highly contagious infectius illness. The symptoms of this disease are: high fever, headache, back pain, fluid-filled blisters and, long-term, the characteristics scars.The first outbreak of this disease occurred in 1350 B.C. (before Christ), in the Egyptian-Hittite war, but probably this illness appeared for the very first time in 10.000 B.C. (before Christ) Still hundreds of years later, in the XVIII (18th) century, smallpox was responsible of the 20% of the deaths, especially among the children.

what is smallpox?

In this period, the only practice that worked against smallpox was the variolation.This practice was about putting the people in contact with patients who had the illness in mild form. This because if you took the illness once, you would have become immune and you would never get sick again. But the risk to take the disease in severe form was high. This practice continued to be used until when Edward Jenner, in 1769, noticed that people who got sick with cowpox became immune for all the variants of the disease. Therefore, he decided to inoculate material taken from one of those people in a 8 years old child. The child recovered in a short time an he did not turn ill again.It was born the first vaccine.

practices against smallpox and the first vaccine

impressions of the men of that time and the vaccination campaigns

The Jenner's vaccine (vakxin) received many objections from the people of that time. However, they could not refuse the evidence: the vaccine worked. In 1801 Napoleon decided to vaccinate his soldiers and his son.In the XIX century the smallpox vaccination became compulsory in many Europe Countries (in Italy it was since 1888). In this century scientists tested vaccines against the most dangerous diseases of that time.Furthermore, after the Second World War extensive campaigns for compulsory vaccination were launched. These campaigns, in 1980, eradicated smallpox.

I chose this topic because I think that it's important to know that in the history there have been catastrophic outbreaks, that caused thousands of victims, and that people like Edward Jenner invented vaccines to save us. Smallpox was not the first or the last infectius illness. On the other hand, if all of us get vaccinated, we can avoid future outbreaks,( just like our ancestor did with smallpox ). It is always useful to remind that another smart weapon against virus and harmful bacteria is the hand sanitizer which can always help us to prevent illness. (I have to say, I am fashinated by these topics, even though I am not properly a needles lover!!!)

why i chose this topic?

edward jenner

TERZIARIO

PRIMARIO

SECONDARIO

practices against smallpox and the first vaccine

the impressions of the men of that time and the vaccination campaigns

Mumbai

Calcutta

why i chose this topic?

Subtitle

ORIGINI

ARCIPELAGHI

FIUMI

PIANURE

LAGHI

MONTAGNE

CONFINI NORD:CINA, NEPAL,BUHTAN NORD-EST:MAYANMAR, BANGLADESH EST:GOLFO DEL BENGALA OVEST: PAKISTAN, MARE ARABICO SUD: OCEANO INDIANO

INDIA, FISICA

CLIMA

Montano

Arido

Giungla

Tigre del Bengala, cobra dagli occhiali, elefante indiano, ecc.

FAUNA

-Zone aride -Himalaya nordoccidentale -Zona orientale -Pianura gangetica -Vette himalayane

FLORA

FAUNA,FLORA

Religione

LINGUA

LINGUA, RELIGIONI

Malnutrizione

Spose bambine

Sovrappopulazione

PROBLEMI SOCIALI

TERZIARIO

PRIMARIO

SECONDARIO

ECONOMIA

Mumbai

Calcutta

CALCUTTA, MUMBAY