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 MATTER CHANGES
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START

MATTER CHANGES

Separating mixtures

How much do we know about matter?

Fermentation

Oxidation

Combustion

Chemical reactions

Evaporation

Filtration

Distilation

Decantation

Magnetic separation

Mixtures

INDEX

MIXTURES

What is a mixture?

+ info

It is a physical combination of two or more substances.

MIXTURES

What is a mixture?

There are two types of mixtures

Types of mixtures

Homogeneous

Heterogeneous

Are the following mixtures heterogeneous or homogeneous?

Types of mixtures

Heterogeneous

Homogeneous

Homogeneous

Heterogeneous

Types of mixtures

We can use various methods to separate the components of mixtures.

SEPARATING MIXTURES

Evaporation

Filtration

Decantation

Magnetic separation

Distilation

Separating mixtures

As a result we can use magnets to separate these metals from non-magnetic substances. (like paper or plastic).

When do we use this?

Some metals (like iron) are magnetic.This means they are attracted to magnets.

Magnetic separation

Liquids of differentdensities

Mixtures of liquidsand solids

We use decantation to separate:

Decantation

Filtration

We can use filtration to remove small particles but lets the liquid or gas pass through.

+ info

Evaporation

When we heat water, it becomes a vapour and leaves substances behind, like salt.

+ info

Distilation

Different liquids have different boiling points.If we heat a mixture of ethanol and water, ethanol boils first and leaves the water behind.

+ info

Then, we can collect the ethanol vapour and cool it down to obtain the liquid.This is called DISTILATION.

Distilation

What method do we use to separate spaguetti and water?

Separate

Purify

Sink

Recover

Separate

Purify

Sink

Recover

A chemical reaction changes the properties of a substance and produces something different.

CHEMICAL REACTIONS

CHEMICAL REACTIONS

They occur around us all the time.They are caused by agents, such as heat or oxygen.

Chemical reactions

Oxydation

Fermentation

Combustion

It is a chemical reaction that produces energy in the form of heat and light.

Combustion (burning)

Natural gas

Petrol

Wood

Combustion occurs when oxygen in the air reacts with a fuel such as wood, petrol or natural gas. When fuels burn, some waste products are produced.- Examples of fuels: Wood, petrol and natural gas.

Combustion (burning)

Combustion (burning)

Oxidation is a type of chemical reaction in which matter (metals like iron) reacts with oxygen in the air and change to a brown substance called rust. Some food can also oxidate (like an apple).

OXIDATION

It is a chemical reaction that is caused by fungi and bacteria.These microscopic organisms break down organic materials and produce new substances.

FERMENTATION

Yeasts (levadura) is a fungus that ferments bread dough (masa de pan). It produces carbon dioxide, which makes the doughrise.

FERMENTATION

Other foods are fermented with the help of bacteria:

FERMENTATION

Cheese, yoghurt, pickles, olives and chorizo are fermentedby bacteria that produce lactic acid (just like we did in class!). This process helps to preserve the food, so it can be stored longer.

FERMENTATION

What energy is produced from combustion?

What gas is necessary for combustion?

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