4. PLANTS
Almudena López
Created on January 23, 2023
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Transcript
Plants
Characteristics
- They are living things.
- They make their own food.
- They cannot move from place to place.
There are many different types of plants which we can classify in different ways. One way we can classify plants is by their stems.
Classifying plants
- Grasses have a soft stem. They are thin and flexible and are usually short.
- Bushes have a thick, hard stem with low branches. They are taller than grasses and live longer.
- Trees have a thick, hard stem called a trunk. They are the tallest plants and have high branches. Some trees can live for hundreds of years.
BUSHES
GRASS
TREES
DECIDUOUS TREES lose all their leaves in autumn.
EVERGREEN TREES produce new leaves all year.
All plants have leaves, stems and roots.
Parts of plants
- Leaves grow from the stems or branches. Leaves use sunlight to help make their own food.
- Stems carry water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant. They also support the plant.
- Roots are the part of the plant that is underground. Roots have two functions:
- They absorb water and minerals that the plant needs to grow.
- They fix the plant into the ground.
Leaves
Leaves have two parts. They have a stalk and a blade. Some leaves are big and some are small. Leaves are different shapes. This is because they have different margins. There are many types of margins including entire, dentate, serrate, sinuate, lobed and palmate.
Flowers
Some trees, bushes and grasses have flowers.The reproductive organs of plants are inside the flower. These organs make seeds that grow into new plants. Flowers can be different shapes, sizes and colours, but they all have common parts.
Flowers
- Sepals are small green leaves that protect the flower before it opens.
- Petals can be many different colours. They attract insects to the flower.
- The stamens have pollen at their ends. Insects take pollen to other flowers.
- The carpel is the part of the flower where the seeds develop. It grows into a fruit, which has seeds inside. When the fruit falls to the ground, a new plant can grow from the seed.
how to make food for the plants
Photosynthesis
1. Leaves absorb sunlight/energy.2. Leaves get CO2 (carbon dioxide) from the air.3. Roots take water and minerals.4. The stem transports the water and minerals to the leaves.5. Plants make food with the sunlight, water and minerals. They release oxygen into the air for us to breathe. Photosynthesis: water + minerals + sunlight + CO2 = O2 and food for the plant