VP ENERGY

ENERGY

INDEX

Forms and sources of energy

Heat

Light

Sound

Electricity

FORMS AND SOURCES OF ENERGY

Energy exists everywhere and produces changes in bodies.

There are many forms of energy: sound energy, light energy, heat energy, electrical energy, kinetic energy and chemical energy.

FORMS OF ENERGY

HEAT ENERGYThis is an energy transferred by hot bodies.

CHEMICAL ENERGYThis is the energy stored in some materials.

SOUND ENERGYThis is a type of kinetic energy. It is produced by the vibrations of bodies or the air.

KINETIC ENERGY This is the energy in moving bodies.

LIGHT ENERGYThis is the energy of bodies that emit light.

ELECTRICAL ENERGYThis is the energy in lightning bolt and the energy electrical devices use.

SOURCES OF ENERGY

All energy sources have an impact on the planet, but renewable energy sources harm the environment less.

RENEWABLEThese sources of energy are unlimited and wil never run out.

NON- RENEWABLEThese sources of energy are limited and cannot be replaced

SOURCES OF ENERGY

RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

Solar energy. Solar panels transform solar energy into heat or electricity.

Wind energy. Wind turbines transform wind energy into electricity.

Hydroelectric energy. Hidroelectric power stations transform falling water into electricity.

They are not exhausted by use because they are constantly being renewed.

SOURCES OF ENERGY

NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

Coal. It is mined from ground. We burn it to produced heat and electrical energy.

Gas. It is extracted by drilling into the ground. We use it primarily for heating.

Oil. It is extracted by digging wells in the ground. We use it to produced fuel and plastics.

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Memory

HEAT ENERGY

Matter is made up of tiny particles which move constantly. When you heat a substance, you add thermal energy to it.Thermal energy flows from a warm substance to a cooler one. This change in the thermal energy is called heat. Changes in temperature can make some materials change state and other materials expand or contract, such as metal.

1. Write 4 objects that are thermal conductors and 4 objects that are thermal insulators. 2. Explain how thermal energy can affect the particles in substances.

LIGHT ENERGY

Light is the fasted form or energy. It travels in a straight line in all directions at 300000km/sec. Light can come from natural sources, such as the SUN, or artificial sources, such as light bulbs.

Light can travel through transparent material (glass) or translucent materials (plastic). It can´t travel through opaque materials (wood).

Reflection

Refraction

Properties of light energy

Reflection of light. This is the change of direction that happens when light hits an object.

Refraction of light. This is the change of direction that happens when light passes from one material to another. A rainbow is the result of refraction of light passing through drops of water. White light is separated into the colours that make it up

1. Why can we see our image in mirror? What property of light does it produce? 2. What property of light does rainbow produce?

SOUND ENERGY

Sound energy is produced by vibrations.

Qualities of sound

Volume

Pitch

Timbre

This makes it possible to differentiate between loud sounds, like an engine, and quiet sounds, like the tweeting of a birds.

This can be hight, like the sound of a violin, or it can be low, like the sound of a double bass.

This makes it possible to differentiate between sounds with the same pitch and volume, based on the body that emits them.

Electrical charge is a property of matter that causes forcer of attraction or repulsion between bodies.

ELECTRICITY ENERGY

The effects of electricity.Electricity can be transformed into differents forms of energy.

In a radio, electrical energy is tansformed into sound energy.

In a lamp, electrical energy is transformed into light energy.

In a toaster, electrical energy is transformed into heat energy.

In a mixer, electrical energy is transformed into kinetic energy.

1. List four possible uses of an electric current.

ELECTRICITY ENERGY

ELECTRIC CIRCUIT

Power sourceA power source, such as a battery, provides the energy

Switch Its opens or closes the circuit. If the switch is open, the current can´t flow.

Resistor It converts electricity into another type of energy. A light bulb produces light.

Electrical conductors They allow the electricity to flow

1. Draw the electric circuit on your notebook and write its components.

THE ENERGY

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