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SOVIET MONTAGE THEORY 
Catherine Hobday 
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Transcript

SOVIET MONTAGE THEORY

Catherine Hobday

9. Example of Tonal Montage

8. Example of Rhythmic Montage

INDEX

7. Example of Metric Montage

6. Types of Montage

5. Sergei Eisenstein

4. Impact of Political Climate

3. Russian History

2. The Theory of Montage

1. What is the Soviet Montage Theory

SOVIeT MONTAGE THEORY

It is an editing style where shots are cut together to create a sequence of action or emotion and was first used in films such as Battleship Potemkin (1925)

This technique was developed by Russian, Sergei Eisenstein

Russian Filmmakers developed the Soviet Montage Theory in the 1910-20s, which is an editing style that would later become worldwide.

The theory of montage

  • Soviet film makers theorised that you could create a relationship between shots in the way you edit them to create a larger narrative statement
  • Eisenstein indentified 5 forms of montage.
  • It’s a common belief that the Soviet theorists were driven to the montage by not only their artistic aims but by technological limitations.

Russian Revolution 1917This lasted across 4 days Day 1: Hungry demonstrators and striking industrial workers took to the streets of Petrograd, clashing with police, refusing to leave.​ Day 3: Petrograd army were called out to quell the uprising. In some encounters, the regiments opened fire, killing demonstrators, but the protesters kept to the streets.​ ​ Day 4: The Duma forms a provisional government and Czar Nicholas abdicates the throne, ending centuries of Russian royal family ruleThe leaders of the provisional government established a liberal program of rights such as freedom of speech, equality before the law, and the right of unions to organize and strike.

The Battleship Potemkin was a crucial event, where the crew of the ship staged a successful mutiny against the officers. As a result , Nicholas II promised greater freedom of speech by the formation of a representative assembly, or Duma, to work toward reform

In 1905 the first Russian Revolution took place as a result of the mass murder of unarmed protestors were killed by czarists. During this revloution angry workers responded to the masscre by a series of workers strikes which took place across Russia.

RUSSIAN History

The Russian Revolution meant that there was a huge demand for propaganda. Revolutionaries like Lenin thought film was the ideal way to get revolutionary ideas across to people who couldn’t read.Filmmakers like Sergei Eisenstein and Dziga Vertov believed in Marxist ‘dialectic’ which was about the conflict between ideas.Eisenstein wanted to use cinema to stir and evoke emotion

After the 1917 Revolution, filmmakers learnt by experimenting on found footage as film supplies were low. From this they wanted to find new ways of arranging them together.

impact of the political climate

Eisenstein (1899-1948) was a Soviet filmmaker and screenwriter.He helped to revolutionise editing

SeRgei Eisenstein

Tonal montage is a collection of shots and images that create a mood or feeling. The clips coordinate eachother to present an overall emotion to impact the audience

Tonal Montage:

In order for a montage to be rhythmic, each shot is edited to the beat of the music. This type of montage is the main use in film and the most cinematically accpeted. Rhythmic montages maintain continuity

Rhythmic Montage:

Metric Montage is inspired by the tempo in music. This is used to create a visual pace within a film scene by cutting to the next shot after a certain number of frames no matter what is happening on screen. Overall this can have a cinematically chaotic and jarring effect as this method is more abrupt.

Metric Montage:

Types of Montage

Example of metric montage

From October 1917- Eisenstein

This montage creates a very chaotic effect which is due to the short back and forth cuts between the shots.

Example of a Rhythmic montage

This montage is in time to the music creating a supenseful feel

This is a Tonal montage because each shot collerates to eachother to create an emotion, in this instance, sadness.

Example of tonal montage

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