Events Leading to Rev. War Timeline
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Created on October 25, 2022
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Transcript
Timeline to Independence
French and Indian War 1754-1763
The Stamp Act 1765
The Quarting Act 1765
Boston "Massacre" 1770
George Washington led an expedition into the Ohio Valley that resulted in a skirmish with French troops. This was considered the first shots of the 7 year war between British and the French and Idains (who allied themselves with the French). In 1759the British captured Canada leading to a peace treaty signed by the French that gave Canada to Great Britain.
After winning the French-Indian War in 1763, the British were in a lot of debt.They tried to raise money by taxing the American colonists. In March 1765,the British passed the Stamp Act. It went into effect on November 1, 1765. Itplaced a tax on all newspapers and other printed materials. The Stamp Actwould have an effect on anyone who bought a printed item like a newspaper.
On March 5, 1770, there was a violent confrontation betweenBritish soldiers and colonists in Boston. British soldiers killed five colonists in anevent that came to be known as the Boston Massacre. The events leading up tothe Boston Massacre were chaotic, and there are many conflicting accounts ofwhat took place.
Timeline to Independence
The Intolerable Acts 1774
The First Continental Congress 1774
Boston Tea Party 1773
The Tea Tax 1773
Battle of Lexington & Concord 1775
The so called "Intolerable Acts" were passed my Parliament. These laws closed Boston harbor, sent more British troops to Boston, prevented troops from being prosecuted in the colonies, and placed Massachusettes firmly under British rule.
In September 1774, 50 leaders from 12 colonies met in Philadelphia. Many colonist as this time remained loyal to the crown, or identified exclusively (only) with their own colony. However, Partrick Henry urged them all to come together as "Americans". The colonist agreed to send a respectful letter to King George, urging the king to recognize their rights (as British subjects). The congress also agreed to boycott all British goods until The Intolerable Acts were repealed.
On December 6th, 1773 50 members of the Sons of Liberty, a revolutionary organization founded by Samuel Adams, that fought against British taxes, dressed up as Mohawk Indians and boarded three British East India Company ships carrying tea. One of the patriots, George Hewes, described what happen next: "We then were ordered by our commander to open the hatches and take out all the chests of tea and throw them overboard...and we immediately proceeded to execute his orders, first cutting and splitting the chests with our tomahawks... .In about three hours from the time we went on board, we had thus broken and thrown overboard every tea chest to be found in the ship... .We were surrounded by British armed ships, but no attempt was made to resist us."About 90,000 punds of tea were dumped into the harbor that night, worth 1 million dollars in today's money!
The tea Act was an attempt my Parliament to save the British East India Tea Company that controlled trade between Britain and Asia. American boycotts of British tea hurt the company badly and by 1773 the company was on the verge of bankruptcy (the colonist were drinking smuggled Dutch tea). The Tea Act lowered the cost of tea even cheaper then the Dutch tea for the colonist, but gave a monopoly (complete control of trade) to the company. The colonist were getting cheaper tea then they were before, but still hated the idea of being taxed by the crown.
King Gearge, upon recieveing the letter from the First Continental Congress, said "The New England Colonies are in rebellion...", and refused to answer their message. Instead he stated "blows must decide whether they are to be subject to this country or idependent." In Boston General Cage, the king's commander of British troops in America got ready to deliver those blows and in April 1775 marched to Concord Massachusettes where he had heard colonist were stockpiling gunpowder and weapons. Word got out and colonist like Paul Revere got ahead of the troops on horseback warning the towns along the way that the Brisihg were coming. At Lexington a band of militia men called the "Minutemen" gatehred to confront the troops. An exachnge of gun fire took place and 8 colonist lay dead in the afterrmath. Later that morning the British had made it to Concord and were charged by another militia group lead by Captain Issac David. This time the milia men had the upper hand and sent the British running in retreat back to Boston. This engraving by Amos Doolittle shows the British firing on the Minutemen. This would be the first battle of the Revolutionary War.