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Nikita Gogolev 21-DCI-1
COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE
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Nikita Gogolev 21-DCI-1

COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE

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HISTORY

he first documented computer architecture was in the correspondence between Charles Babbage and Ada Lovelace, describing the analytical engine. When building the computer Z1 in 1936, Konrad Zuse described in two patent applications for his future projects that machine instructions could be stored in the same storage used for data, i.e., the stored-program concept.[4][5] Two other early and important examples are: John von Neumann's 1945 paper, First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC, which described an organization of logical elements;[6] and Alan Turing's more detailed Proposed Electronic Calculator for the Automatic Computing Engine, also 1945 and which cited John von Neumann's paper.[7]

External memmorytypes external memmory1)HDD2)external HDD3)SSD4)NODE disck5)USB flash

Iner memmorytypes of iner memmory1)operational memmory 2)constant memmory3)semi-permanent memmory

CPU CPU components1) ariefmetick logick device2)registr3)cache memmory4)device managment5)bus control circuit

What components does COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE

Instruction set architecture (ISA): defines the machine code that a processor reads and acts upon as well as the word size, memory address modes, processor registers, and data type.

consists of three major subcategories

Systems design: includes all of the other hardware components within a computing system, such as data processing other than the CPU (e.g., direct memory access), virtualization, and multiprocessing.

Microarchitecture: also known as "computer organization", this describes how a particular processor will implement the ISA.[15] The size of a computer's CPU cache for instance, is an issue that generally has nothing to do with the ISA.

Subcategories The discipline of computer architecture

6. Pin architecture

Other TEHNOLOGY

5. UISA

4. Microcode

3. Programmer-visible macroarchitecture

2. Assembly instruction set architecture

1. Macroarchitecture

Computer organization helps optimize performance-based products. For example, software engineers need to know the processing power of processors. They may need to optimize software in order to gain the most performance for the lowest price.

Main fuctions computer architecture

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