TIMELINE IMÁGENES

2700 BC

Ancient Egypt

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2700 BC Ancient Egypt As early as 2700 BC, writers noted that people would come to visit the tombs constructed by the early pharaohs. It is notable that there are accounts of people taking stone chippings with them as they left the tombs. This behaviour mirrors modern people’s fondness for returning from a trip with a souvenir.

Tourism Development

Nuria Martín Gómez - 2º de Guías

300 BC

Roman Empire

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300 BC Roman Empire Travel flourished in Roman times for several reasons. The Roman empire stimulated trade and led to the growth of a large middle class with the money to travel. Roman coins were all the traveller had to carry to finance the trip; the means of transportation, roads and waterways, were excellent; communication was relatively easy as Greek and Latin were the principal languages; and the Roman legal system provided protection from foreign courts, thereby ensuring the safety of the traveller.

1530

Renaissance

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1530 Renaissance The Renaissance began a new age of enlightenment in Europe. This period saw people travelling purely to experience higher culture for the first time in centuries. Upper-class ‘cultural tourists’ developed tourism from the renaissance onwards and the military conflicts of Western Europe indirectly influenced modern tourist activities.

1750

18th Century

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1750 17th and 18th Century The popularising of spas was largely due to the medical profession, which during the seventeenth century began to recommend the medicinal properties of mineral waters. Spas were initially popular in continental Europe, where they were used in much the same way as the bathhouses of the Ancient Greeks and Romans. However in the 17th century, medical professionals in England began to claim that bathing in mineral water had health benefits. Following this, members of the British court began to frequent spas making them fashionable amongst the upper-classes. By the end of the seventeenth century, the alleged medical benefits of spas were dismissed. However, spas retained their appeal and were now viewed as places to relax.

1820

19th Century

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1820 19th Century The medical profession, the British court, and Napoleon all helped popularise the seaside resort. The original motive for sea bathing was for health reasons. In Britain, different seaside resorts rose in popularity as they were visited by members of the British court. Brighton's fame was assured after it was visited by George IV. Similarly, Southend and Cowes became associated with Princess Charlotte and Queen Victoria respectively.Toward the end of the nineteenth century the seaside resorts became popular with the working classes. This was due to the introduction of paid holidays and higher wages.

776 BC

Ancient Greece

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776 BC Ancient Greece Travel for official business was less important as Greece was divided into city-states that were fiercely independent. However, pleasure travel did exist in three areas: for religious festivals, for sporting events -most notably the Olympic Games, and to visit cities, especially Athens Travel in Ancient Greece was advanced by two important developments:

• Currency Exchange
• The Greek Language

1388

Middle Ages

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1388 Middle Ages Pilgrims travelled to pay homage at a particular site or as atonement for sin. Priests who heard confessions would often tell their parishioners to travel to a holy site barefoot as a penance. In other cases pilgrims journeyed to fulfil a promisemade when they were sick. In 1388, King Richard II of England decreed that pilgrims must carry permits if they wished to visit religious sites. These permits can be seen as the forerunner of the modern passport.

1700

17th-19th C.

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1700 17th-19th Century The beginning ofthe sixteenth century saw a new age of curiosity and exploration that culminated in the popularity of the Grand Tour. The tour was initially a sixteenth-century concept brought about by the need to develop a class of professional statesmen and ambassadors. The practice continued into the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries eventually becoming a right of passage for young upper-class men . No gentleman's education was complete until he spent from one to three years traveling around Europe with a tutor. A typical Grand Tour for an English gentleman began in France. Here French was studied together with dancing, fencing, riding, and drawing. Next, the student would head for Italy to study sculpture, music appreciation and art. The return was by way of Germany, Switzerland and the “low countries” (Holland, Belgium and Luxembourg).

1750

18th Century

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1750 18th Century The Industrial Revolution accelerated the movement from rural to urban areas. The cramped living conditions of the cities gave industrial workers a desire for open space. At the same time, the advent of the steam engine provided increasingly effective modes of transport in the steam train and steamship.

1900

20th Century

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1900 20th Century After the Industrial Revolution, religious holidays gradually became secularised. At the same time, employers began offering vacation to their staff. The vacation was negotiated between the employer and the workers and was granted as a result of increasing pressure from trade unions. It made sense to take the holidays during the warmer summer months. For the employer it was advantageous to close the entire factory down for one week rather than face the problems of operating with small groups of people absent over a longer period of time.

5 things which may change or take place in the future related to tourism:

• Virtual experiences
• Sustainable tourism
• Staycation
• Digital nomads
• Technology and innovation helping tourism

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19XX

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