2º TECHNO Equipment, tools and machines

IES Ítaca (22/23)

Equipment, tools and Machines

Joining

Planing and sanding

Drilling

Cutting and sawing

Clamping

Drawing marks and lines

Measuring

Index

Measuring

Ruler

Tape measure

Carpenter's square

Info

Locate the zero

Measurement of the part

To measure the part, position the ruler so that the zero is indicating the starting position of the measurement.

Ruler

The first step is to locate the zero of the ruler before making any measurement.

Info

Position the hook

Measurement of the part

Extend the blade till the end you want to measure. Place the thumb lock to check the measurement and to avoid to lose it.

Tape measure

The first step is to position the hook at one end of the part to be measured

Info

Position the square

Measuring or drawing

Measure the part or draw the lines on the part.

Carpenter's square

Locate the thicker part of the square next to the part to be measured so the ruler is located on the part.

Drawing marks and lines

Carpenter's pencil

Compass (Steel ends)

Awl or punch

Pliers

Bar clamp

Bench vice

Clamping

Info

Place the part

Clamping of the part

Using the handle, we turn the screw clockwise so the slinding jaw is moving towars the stationary one till the part is completed clamped between the jaws.

Bench vice

The part must be placed between the jaws and close to the stationary jaw to be clamped with the sliding one.

Info

Protect the working part

Clamping of the part

Turn the handle clockwise so the screw moves till the part is completely clamped by the jaws.

Bar clamp

Before clamping the part, we need to place a piece of paper or wood between the part and the jaw so the part is not marked by the jaws

Select the correct plier

Clamping of the part

Use the handle to tight or hold the part

Pliers

Depending on the shape of the head, the plier is used for a different purpose

Cutting and sawing

Saws

Power tools

Info

Info

Position the tool

Cutting the part

Use the whole blade, at a moderate speed, and apply some pressure as you cut

HaCKsaw Vs HaNDsaw

Hold the saw at 45º degree to the material. Hold the material with your free hand while you cut.

Info

Position the blade and saw

Cutting the part

Use the whole blade, at a moderate speed, and apply some pressure as you cut

Fret saw

The blade must have the teeth outwards and towards the handle. The saw must be placed perpendicular to the material to be cut.

Info

Blade with teeth

Movement

Depending on the power tool saw, the material can be fixed in place and the blade turns or moves or the tool is fixed in place and the material is moving as the blade turns or moves.

Power tools

All power tools have a blade with teeth that allows to cut the material when moving.

Drilling

Gimlet

Electric drill

Info

Tool position

Drilling

It is used turning it clockwise while pressing through the material. To extract it, turn it anticlockwise.

Gimlet

Place the gimlet perpendicular to the material to drill

Info

Drill bits and turning direction

Drilling

Pull the trigger and push as the drill bit turns and moves forward. To extract the drill bit from the material, change the turning direction.

Electric drill

Select the correct drill bits taking into account the material to drill. Insert the drill bit in the chuck and select the turning direction correctly.

6. Planing and sanding

Rasp

File

Sand paper

Rasp

File

It has a grooved surface and is used to smooth pieces.

Rasp and File

It has triangular teeth on its surface and is used to make rough cuts.

Glue

Nuts & bolts

Screws

Nails

7. Joining

Nails

Hammers

Hammers are used to drive nailsThe claw hammer allows us to remove nails.

Nails and hammers

• The nail must be shorter than the thickness of the wood.
• It helps to make a small hole with a punch.

Screwdrivers

Screws

They have different types of head.

Screws

To drive in: turn clockwise To drive out: turn counterclockwiseWith a flat or star-shaped head. Used to insert or remove screws.

Spanner (wrench)

Used to tighten and loosen nuts and bolts.

Nuts and bolts

Washers

Nuts and bolts

Used to fasten pieces

Thermal glue (glue gun)

Wood glue

Glue used only to join pieces of wood

Glue or adhesive

The glue gun applies the thermal glue to join different materials