Ancient Rome

ANCIENT ROME

Ancient Rome encompasses the Roman Kingdom (753–509 BC), Roman Republic (509–27 BC) and Roman Empire (27 BC–476 AD) until the fall of the western empire.

• Rome developed about 15 miles from where the Tiber River empties into the Mediterranean Sea.

The Eastern Roman Empire would become known as Byzantium or the Byzantine Empire.

Roman leaders decided to split Rome into two empires. One was the Western Roman Empire and was ruled out of the city of Rome. The other was the Eastern Roman Empire and was ruled out of Constantinople.

HISTORY

• The Eastern Empire spoke Greek.
• It was dominated by the Eastern Orthodox religion and had a more diverse culture influenced by different people.

• The Eastern Empire, also known as the Byzantine Empire survived for almost 1000 more years before being overtaken by the Ottoman Empire in 1453.

• The Western Empire spoke Latin.
• The Western Empire was Roman Catholic and practiced traditional Roman culture.
• The Western Empire suffered from multiple invasions by barbarian tribes and was finally sacked in 476 CE.

Eastern Roman Empire

Western Roman Empire

• Anyone could apply to become a Roman citizen.
• Many Romans could read and write.

• The first form of government in Rome was monarchical according to the archaeological findings.
• As a Republic, they had a complex government with laws, a constitution, and a balance of powers.

• The Roman dictatorship was a form of government accepted by the Senate.
• Romans achieved greatness in their military and social institutions.

• There were various forms of government in Ancient Rome.

CHARACTERISTICS

Life in Ancient Rome

• Climate made it possible for the region to develop a strong agricultural base.
• Tiber river supported the agricultural system.
• All roads lead to Rome!

• Also, provided access to trade routes on the Mediterranean Sea.
• Roman armies used these same routes to conquer large amounts of territory.

• Rome’s location offered several advantages. Its position was central to Italy and the known Western world.

Roman Empire

Some inventions are:

• The Aqueduct
• Sanitation
• Roads
• Social care and welfare
• Julian Calendar

Inventions

Fall of the Empire.The fall of Rome generally refers to the fall of the Western Roman Empire. It fell in 476 AD. The Eastern Roman Empire, or the Byzantine Empire, would rule parts of Eastern Europe for another 1000 years.

HISTORY