Blood flow restrictive exercises

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Blood Flow Restrictive Exercise

Thanks

Gaps in the literature

Safety concerns

Applicability on Pediatric population

Aerobic VS Anaerobic

Types of restraints

Mechanism of action

Traditional VS BFR

Benefits

Definition

The evolution

Index

The Evolution of Blood Flow Restrictive Exercise

BFR exercise involves the reduction of blood flow to working skeletal muscle by applying a flexible cuff to the most proximal portions of a person’s arms or legs that results in decreased arterial flow to the exercising muscle and occluded venous return back to the central circulation.

Definition:

Blood flow restricted exercise (BFR) has increasingly been used as an alternative training method for those unable to perform traditional aerobic or resistance exercise protocols, such as individuals with poor strength or endurance, recovering from an injury, or undergoing rehabilitation.

BFR

MSK STRENGTH

CVS

Endurance

Physical Function

Muscle size

based on the many published studies that demonstrate positive neuromuscular, aerobic, and anaerobic performance parameters. These primary adaptations to BFR exercise include increases in muscle size and strength improved physical function, and enhanced endurance capabilities (muscular and cardiorespiratory;

Benefits of BFRE

low-load resistance exercise with BFR has emerged as potential training alternatives to traditional aerobic and resistance training programs, which are commonly performed at high intensities or using heavy loads, making it difficult for many of populations.

low-intensity aerobic exercise combined with BFR

Commonly performed at high intensities or using heavy loads, making it difficult for many populations such as post-surgery rehabilitating athletes and individuals dealing with different forms of chronic inflammation and pain (i.e., arthritis, chronic fatigue syndrome, and fibromyalgia;

VS

traditional aerobic exercises

Potential mechanism of action

Author's name

2-Stimulation of the central and peripheral chemoreceptors by the accumulated metabolites

1- The exercise-induced metabolic stress

4-Increased protein synthesis by altering biomolecular pathways

3- Exercise-induced muscle swelling

Types of restrictive devices

The inability to use traditional BFR in applied settings, like gyms and practice facilities, has stimulated the development of more practical approaches to traditional BFR exercise. Practical BFR exercise consists of using elastic bands or wraps placed around the exercising limbs and not connected to any externalpressure controlling device.

field-based

1-KAATSU-Master2--The Delfi Personalized Tourniquet System 3- The Hokanson rapid cuff inflation system

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laboratory-based

The Hokanson rapid cuff inflator

The Delfi Personalized Tourniquet System

+ info

For anaerobic-based modalities, that is, resistance exercises, intensities most often will be based on relative loads (percentof maximal strength, % 1RM) rather than absolute loads.

The basic modes of exercise are either aerobic or anaerobic in nature. Aerobic exercises commonly used in combination with blood flow restriction usually include specific exercises like walking or cycling. The difficulty in setting the workload for aerobically based BFR exercises is the fact that exerciseintensity is often based on some percentage of maximal heart rate

AEROBIC EXERCISES WITH BLOOD FLOW RESTRICTION

VS

ANAEROBIC EXERCISES WITH BLOOD FLOW RESTRICTION

Yes we can

The question is: Can we use PFRE in pediatrics?

A blood flow restriction cuff was used between the hip and knee joints to apply a pressure of 100 mmHg from weeks 1 to 2 and a pressure of 110 mmHg from weeks 3 to 5.The exercise types were plantar flexion and knee joint extension. The plantar flexion exercise was performed by bending the knee joint at 90° in the prone position and applying resistance to the metatarsal bone.For knee extension exercise, after sitting on a chair, the knee joint was bent by 90°, and resistance was applied to the distal part 5 cm anterior to the outer malleolus.All exercises were performed 3 times a week for 5 weeks with a total of 4 sets of 3 minutes training, 2 minutes rest, and 20 minutes a day.

Effect of Strength Training Combined with Blood Flow Restriction Exercise on Leg Muscle Thickness in Children with Cerebral Palsy

• Increase in the thickness of the gastrocnemius
• Increase in the thickness of the gluteus
• medius
• Increase in the thickness of the rectus
• femoris

Results

• The most obvious concerns involve the cardiovascular system since the applied pressure directly affects blood flow return to the heart and central circulation and compressing blood vessels with the restrictive cuffs may also result in thrombosis and/or induce microvascular occlusion that could result in muscle cell damage and necrosis. Most often reported symptoms were dizziness and fainting due to the BFR-related reduced venous return and reduced cardiac preload.

Safety concerns

• Most of research studies have used male subjects so the effect of it on females is still not well-known.
• Most of the studies have used a college-aged population only.
• The training status of participants has not always been reported in many BFR exercise studies.
• When examining cuff type, factors like cuff width, the material of the cuff,also need to be considered and reported in the literature.

Gaps in the research literature

Thank you! presented by: Maram Ibrahim

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