ADENAUER'S INTEGRATION INTO THE WEST
POLICY OF COOPERATION & INTEGRATION IN EUROPE AFTER WORLD WAR II
index
Adenauer's Policy of strength
MILITARY, diplomatic & economic INTEGRATION INTO THE WEStern bloc
DEVElopment of Franco-German "hereditary/ ancestral enmity"
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1. Adenauer's POLICY OF STRENGTH
- goals:
1. German unity
2. economic consolidation
3. military success
4. national sovereignity
- doctrine of German policy: Hallstein Doctrine
- FRG = only democratically legitimized German core state;
ending diplomatic relations to all states that maintained diplomatic relations with FRG and at the same time recognized GDR
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“All considerations of Realpolitik must take precedence over
German desires”
- Konrad Adenauer
- magnet theory proved its effectiveness: large number of Germans fled GDR for Federal Republic before Berlin Wall was built in 1961
- Soviet government determined not to let GDR leave its sphere of power
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2. MILITARY, diplomatic & economic INTEGRATION INTO THE WEStern bloc
- Sep 1950: Conference granted several concessions
- May 1950: Schuman Declaration
proposal of combining French and German steel and coal production
to prevent another war between France and Germany
- 18 April 1951: ECSC founded
Appointment of nine representatives to a High Authority
- 8 February 1952: Bundestag formulated conditions for rearmament
- revocation of the occupation,
- sovereignty in respect of domestic and foreign affairs
- no restrictions in terms of legislation and industrial production
-But: no sovereign foreign policy could not establish army on its own
-Western allies approved of the formation of a German army
- 10 March 1952: Stalin Notes to West German Government; Offered Allies negotiations about peace treaty
-Western Allies remained steadfast SU stopped answering
2. Development of Franco-German „hereditary/ ancestral enmity”
- Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815): series of wars that produced a brief French hegemony over most of Europe
- Franco-Prussian War and Unification of the German states (1870-1871): German Empire seizes region of Alsace-Lorraine
Location 1
Location 3
- World War I (1914–18): mostly fought in trenches in France
Treaty of Versailles (1919)
- French Occupation of the Ruhr (1923–30)
World War II (1939-1945)
- Battle of France (1939–40): Victory of Hitler over the Allies
- France was conquered by Germany in only 1 month and 12 days.
Location 1
Location 3
- 1945: The defeat of Germany during World War II led to the French occupation of parts of western Germany (and Berlin)
- Élysée Treaty (1963) Treaty of friendship between France + West Germany, signed by President
Charles de Gaulle +
Chancellor
Konrad Adenauer
Location 1
Location 3
Asess the picture "The Way to Peace and Freedom", published in 1952.
You might as well take into consideration whether this plan succeeded or not.
Sources
https://images.app.goo.gl/9Hd8qTBdAuEPuxHT8
https://images.app.goo.gl/9uSVNHMzhdyvtgD68
https://images.app.goo.gl/orHumNiff2rszA3CA
https://www.nzz.ch/feuilleton/robert-schuman-der-mann-der-europa-gestaltet-hat-ld.1651974
https://images.app.goo.gl/SADZ5J99ZF2J5NGQ7
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/about-parliament/en/in-the-past/the-parliament-and-the-treaties/treaty-of-paris
https://www.hdg.de/lemo/kapitel/geteiltes-deutschland-gruenderjahre/deutsche-frage/stalin-noten.html
https://images.app.goo.gl/WsWhXx651R3WYgv3A
https://images.app.goo.gl/igyKNUZsH6QzJkip9
https://www.beyondintractability.org/casestudy/huber-franco-german-relationship
https://www.kas.de/en/web/geschichte-der-cdu/biogram-detail/-/content/konrad-adenauer-27
https://spartacus-educational.com/GERadenauerK.htm
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Konrad-Adenauer
connect 500-504, 536-537
exploring history 208f, 211
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THANK YOU For your attention!
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