2022 ENG Part 1 M3 L1 - Assessing Institutional, Policy and Legal

Assessing Institutional, Policy and Legal Frameworks

Module 3 Lesson 1

START

REFERENCE

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

Welcome to Module 3 Lesson 1

This lesson focuses on the assessment of success factors for restoration, and the extent to which they are present in your context. These factors include:

The motivations of key actors.

The presence of enabling conditions.

The availability of resources for implementation.

This step is about examining how a country’s policy, legal, market, and institutional arrangements can help or hinder the development and implementation of restoration interventions. This can be as simple or sophisticated of an assessment as the situation warrants and resources permit. It is, however, a critical and often overlooked aspect of laying the groundwork for improvements in restoration generally.i

PRINCIPLE 5

This information is drawn from the following resource: iIUCN & WRI. 2014. A Guide to the Restoration Opportunities Assessment Methodology (ROAM): Assessing Forest Landscape Restoration Opportunities at the National or Sub-National Level. Working Paper (Road-test edition). Available here (p. 94).

Objectives

In this lesson, you will:

Identify the criteria and indicators for an enabling environment for restoration.

Identify the financial, technical, and knowledge gaps that may prevent an effective restoration process.

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

REFERENCE

Agenda Setting

Enabling Environment

Environmental Citizenship

Governance

Ecological integrity

Institutional framework

Policy Framework

Legal Framework

The following terms will be used in Module 3 Lesson 1. Please click the terms in the right hand panel to familiarize yourself with their definitions.

Agenda setting

The process by which some problems come to public attention at given times and places.i

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

This information is drawn from the following resource: iBaker, S., & Eckerberg, K. 2013. A Policy Analysis Perspective on Ecological Restoration. Ecology and Society. Vol. 18, No. 2. Available here (p. 2).

REFERENCE

The following terms will be used in Module 3 Lesson 1. Please click the terms in the right hand panel to familiarize yourself with their definitions.

Ecological integrity

System wholeness, including the presence of appropriate species, populations, and communities, and the occurrence of ecological processes at appropriate rates and scales as well as the environmental conditions that support these processes.i

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

Agenda Setting

Enabling Environment

Environmental Citizenship

Governance

Ecological integrity

Institutional framework

Policy Framework

Legal Framework

This information is drawn from the following resource: iDale, V.H. & Beyeler, S.C. 2013. Challenges in the Development and Use of Ecological Indicators. Ecological Indicators: 1 (3–10.) Available here (p. 3-4).

REFERENCE

The following terms will be used in Module 3 Lesson 1. Please click the terms in the right hand panel to familiarize yourself with their definitions.

Enabling environment

A reliable legal, political, and institutional environment with transparency, stability, and long-term security.i

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

Agenda Setting

Enabling Environment

Environmental Citizenship

Governance

Ecological integrity

Institutional framework

Policy Framework

Legal Framework

This information is drawn from the following resource: iVan Dijk, K. & Savenije, H. 2009. Towards National Financing Strategies for Sustainable Forest Management in Latin America. Available here (p. 13).

REFERENCE

The following terms will be used in Module 3 Lesson 1. Please click the terms in the right hand panel to familiarize yourself with their definitions.

Environmental citizenship

Responsible pro-environmental behaviour of citizens who act and participate in society as agents of change in the private and public sphere, on a local, national, and global scale, through individual and collective actions.i

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

Agenda Setting

Enabling Environment

Environmental Citizenship

Governance

Ecological integrity

Institutional framework

Policy Framework

Legal Framework

This information is drawn from the following resource: iCao, B. 2018. Defining Environmental Citizenship. Available here (p. 23).

REFERENCE

The following terms will be used in Module 3 Lesson 1. Please click the terms in the right hand panel to familiarize yourself with their definitions.

Governance

The traditions and institutions by which authority in a country is exercised.i

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

Agenda Setting

Enabling Environment

Environmental Citizenship

Governance

Ecological integrity

Institutional framework

Policy Framework

Legal Framework

This information is drawn from the following resource: iIPBES. 2018. The IPBES Assessment Report on Land Degradation and Restoration. Montanarella, L., Scholes, R., and Brainich, A. (eds.). Secretariat of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Available here (p. 660).

REFERENCE

The following terms will be used in Module 3 Lesson 1. Please click the terms in the right hand panel to familiarize yourself with their definitions.

Institutional framework

A set of formal organizational structures, rules, and informal norms for service provision.i

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

Agenda Setting

Enabling Environment

Environmental Citizenship

Governance

Ecological integrity

Institutional framework

Policy Framework

Legal Framework

This information is drawn from the following resource: iInternational Ecological Engineering Society. Challenges in Developing an Institutional Framework. Available here (p. 1).

REFERENCE

The following terms will be used in Module 3 Lesson 1. Please click the terms in the right hand panel to familiarize yourself with their definitions.

Legal framework

Rules that govern the rights and responsibilities of governments, companies, and citizens.i

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

Agenda Setting

Enabling Environment

Environmental Citizenship

Governance

Ecological integrity

Institutional framework

Policy Framework

Legal Framework

This information is drawn from the following resource: iNatural Resource Governance Institute. 2015. Legal Framework Navigating the Web of Laws and Contracts Governing Extractive Industries. Available here (p. 1).

REFERENCE

The following terms will be used in Module 3 Lesson 1. Please click the terms in the right hand panel to familiarize yourself with their definitions.

Policy framework

A set of formal organizational structures, rules, and informal norms for service provision.i

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

Agenda Setting

Enabling Environment

Environmental Citizenship

Governance

Ecological integrity

Institutional framework

Policy Framework

Legal Framework

This information is drawn from the following resource: iThe Law Dictionary. No Date. What is a Policy Framework? Available here.

Framework interlinkages

Legal, policy, institutional, and governance frameworks are interlinked.Click on each property to learn more.

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

Policy

Institutions

Governance processes and safeguards

Legislation

REFERENCE

Policy requires an enabling institutional environment for its formulation and implementation. Supportive policies enable suitable conditions for the implementation of restoration actions.i

Policy

This information is drawn from the following resources: iSlobodian, L., Vidal, A. & Saint-laurent, C. 2020. Policies that Support Forest Landscape Restoration: What They Look Like and how They Work. Available here (p. 2).

REFERENCE

Legislation provides the necessary regulatory and fiscal instruments to achieve policy objectives. In the restoration context, legislation should provide clear rights and responsibilities for authorities at the local level, without dictating how decisions should be made. Customary and religious law can be as relevant as government legislation.i

Legislation

REFERENCE

Institutions provide the necessary human and technical capacities to implement interventions related to policy implementation.ii

Institutions

This information is drawn from the following resources: iiFAO. 2006. Legal, Policy and Institutional Framework: Background Paper to the Kotka V Expert Consultation. Available here (p. 2).

REFERENCE

Governance must be in place to ensure the involvement of multiple actors, such as government agencies, various users of the ecosystem and rights holders, including different genders and ethnic groups.ii

Governance processes and safeguards

This information is drawn from the following resources: iiFAO. 2006. Legal, Policy and Institutional Framework: Background Paper to the Kotka V Expert Consultation. Available here (p. 2).

REFERENCE

Regulations to consider

Examples of policies and regulations which you may need to take into account during the restoration process include:

National climate change mitigation strategies.

Adaptation strategies.

Conservation policies and regulations.

Restoration policies.

Agricultural development policies and regulations.

Statutory and customary land and resource rights.

Major infrastructure programs.

Development corridors.

Major existing restoration initiatives.i

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

REFERENCE

Enabling environment

For ecosystem restoration to be successful, it needs to be supported by policies that incentivise, facilitate, and mobilize the implementation of restoration interventions.

A supportive and enabling environment will contain policies that address these needs through:

The establishment of targets and regulations to motivate public and private action.

The defining of enabling conditions in the form of governance structures and rights regimes.

The allocation of technical and financial resources to implement interventions and monitor results.i

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

This information is drawn from the following resource: iSlobodian, L., Vidal, A. & Saint-laurent, C. 2020. Policies that Support Forest Landscape Restoration: What They Look Like and how They Work. IUCN. Available here (p. 2).

REFERENCE

Success factors

Key success factors for restoration initiatives can be classified into three themes. Click on each theme to learn more.

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

Enabling conditions in place.

Capacity and resources for sustained implementation.

A CLEAR MOTIVATION.

A clear motivation.

Decision-makers, landowners, and/or citizens need to be aware of the need for ecosystem restoration and inspired or motivated to support it.

Enabling conditions in place.

A sufficient number of ecological, market, policy, legal, social, and/or institutional conditions need to be in place to create a favourable context for ecosystem restoration.

Capacity and resources for sustained implementation.

Capacity and resources need to exist and be mobilized to implement ecosystem restoration on a sustained basis on the ground.

REFERENCE

Diagnosing success factors

The Restoration Opportunities Assessment Methodology (ROAM) proposes a system for conducting a preliminary assessment of success factors that are in place in the country to facilitate ecosystem restoration.

The process of diagnosing key success factors involves three steps.Click on each step to learn more.i

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

Assessing the status of key success factors.

Selecting the scope.

Identifying strategies to address missing factors.

Selecting the scope.

During this step, define the boundaries of the diagnosis to avoid unnecessary research, and produce actionable results. This might include, for example, defining the geographic scope of the landscape to which the diagnostic tool will be applied (i.e. the ‘candidate landscape’), and considering the potential timeframe and goals of the restoration of this landscape.i

REFERENCE

Assessing the status of key success factors.

During this step, evaluate each key success factor, guided by a series of questions relating to these factors, in order to determine whether these factors are fully in place, only partly in place, or missing. Review the results of this step applied in the Rwanda Assessment.i

REFERENCE

Rwanda Assessment

REFERENCE

Identifying strategies to address missing factors.

During this step, identify strategies that address missing key success factors – those deemed “not in place” or only “partly in place.” Brainstorm, propose, and record a portfolio of policies, incentives, practices, techniques, and/or other interventions. The purpose here is to identify strategies that maximize the likelihood that restoration will be successful.i

REFERENCE

Lenses

Explore ecosystem restoration through the following lenses. Click on each lens to learn more.

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

POLICY

LEGISLATION

GOVERNANCE

REFERENCE

By viewing ecosystem restoration interventions through the policy lens, you can shed light on how different interests and values conflict or intersect, on what is and is not to be restored, how restoration will be achieved, and on the potential consequences restoration might have for economic and socio-ecological processes.i

Policy

Click on each category to learn more.

Characteristics of successful policy instruments.

Questions to ask when examining policy-related enabling conditions.

Case study.

Incorporate secure land and natural resource tenure.

Encourage effective institutional coordination while incorporating good governance.

Enhance livelihoods and address political, cultural, and economic concerns.

Successful policy instruments for ecosystem restoration have the following characteristics. They:

Prioritize incentives and practices which increase restoration outcomes.

Characteristics of successful policy instruments

Align with policies and avoid land degradation.

Remove disincentives.

Incorporate ecosystem services, economic, social, and ecological benefits, including biodiversity.

Become more effective when integrated with national policy and international commitments.

REFERENCE

You can explore policy-related enabling conditions by asking the following questions:

Do managers and users of an area to be restored have clear and secure (formal or customary) rights to the benefits that would accrue from restoration (e.g. land tenure, natural resource rights)?

Do clear and enforceable regulations on the change of the use of an area to be restored exist?

Are regulations that require restoration or that clearly regulate the conversion of an ecosystem adequately enforced?i

Questions to ask when examining policy-related enabling conditions

REFERENCE

The Kenyan 2017–2027 Mangrove Ecosystem Management Plan sets out programs for restoration and conservation, as well as fisheries development, tourism development, community management, and research and education, and provides indicators of successful implementation of each programme. The plan describes the application of forest, fisheries, wildlife conservation, land-use and county-level planning regimes to mangrove ecosystems, and confirms that proposed interventions in mangrove ecosystems require an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). Access the plan here.i

Supportive policies in the context of mangrove ecosystems in Kenya

REFERENCE

This information is drawn from the following resource: iGovernment Of Kenya. 2017. National Mangrove Ecosystem Management Plan. Kenya Forest Service, Nairobi, Kenya. Available here.

Legal mechanisms developed at the national level can play a key role in promoting ecosystem restoration. At the same time, an international agreement may prompt policy-makers to fund restoration programs on territories they control.i

Legislation

Legally binding international frameworks.

Normative international frameworks of goals and targets.

Other initiatives.

Click on each category to learn more.

Considerations for restoration through the legal lens.

Case study.

REFERENCE

Legally binding international frameworks

The CBD calls for the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components, and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources. It discusses restoration and rehabilitation of ecosystems in the text of the treaty, which is legally binding.i

Building on a series of decisions from the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) COP, Article 5 of the Paris Agreement reiterates that developing countries may receive payments for successfully reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation through conservation, sustainable management of forests, and enhancement of carbon stocks (REDD+).

In 2013, the eleventh meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP 11) to the UNCCD created an intergovernmental working group on Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN). The concept was incorporated into Goal 15 of the SDGs in September 2015. The Parties to the UNCCD, at its COP 12, made it a central framework for the implementation of the convention. To achieve LDN, degradation of productive land should be avoided, and lands already degraded should be restored.i

In 2016, The Fourth Ramsar StrategicPlan 2016–2024 was released with thevision that “wetlands are conserved,wisely used, restored and their benefits are recognized and valued by all.” To implement the Strategic Plan at national and regional levels, Contracting Parties should develop national wetlands policies, strategies, action plans, projects, and programs to mobilize action and support for wetlands, potentially supplementing the National Biodiversity Strategy Action Plan.

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)

The Paris Agreement

The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands

The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) Land Degradation Neutrality

This information is drawn from the following resource: iGardner, R., C. 2003. Rehabilitating Nature: A Comparative Review of Legal Mechanisms That Encourage Wetland Restoration Efforts, 52 Cath. U. L. Rev. 573. Available here (p. 582).

This information is drawn from the following resource: iSecretariat Of The Convention On Biological Diversity. 2019. Considerations on Ecosystem Restoration for the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, Including a Possible Successor to Aichi Biodiversity Target 15. Available here (p. 11).

REFERENCE

Normative (non-binding) agreements

Some elements of restoration-related targets are reflected in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), adopted by the UN General Assembly in 2015. SDG 15 in particular is aimed at protecting, restoring, and promoting the sustainable use of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems, sustainably managing forests, combating desertification, halting and reversing land degradation, and halting biodiversity loss. SDG 14 aims to conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development, including taking action for the restoration of marine and coastal ecosystems.i

The UN Economic and Social Council adopted the UN Strategic Plan for Forests 2017-2030 on 20 April 2017 with a quadrennial programme of work for the United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFF) for the period 2017-2020. The strategic plan provides a global framework for action at all levels to sustainably manage all types of forests and trees outside forests, and to halt deforestation and forest degradation.ii

The UN Strategic Plan for Forests 2017-2030

The United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

This information is drawn from the following resource: iThe United Nations Department Of Economic And Social Affairs Sustainable Development. No date. The 17 Goals. Available here.

This information is drawn from the following resource: iiSecretariat Of The Convention On Biological Diversity. 2019. Considerations on Ecosystem Restoration for the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, Including a Possible Successor to Aichi Biodiversity Target 15. Available here (p. 10).

REFERENCE

The Bonn Challenge is a global effort to restore 150 million hectares of the world’s deforested and degraded land by 2020, and 350 million hectares by 2030. This voluntary initiative attempts to strengthen political engagement to achieve many existing international commitments,including the Strategic Plan forBiodiversity 2011-2020,and several Aichi BiodiversityTargets, including ABT 5, 7, 13, 15,among others.

The United Nations (UN) General Assembly Decision has proclaimed 2021-2030 as the United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (UNDER). The FAO and UNEP as the leading implementing partners will provide leadership, coordination, and technical support throughout the UN Decade. Thus far, they have established several strategic Task Forces composed of multi-sectoral experts on key themes such as good practices, monitoring, finance, and more. Through communications, events and a dedicated web platform, the UN Decade will provide a hub for everyone interested in restoration to find projects, programs, partners, funding, and the knowledge they need to make their restoration efforts a success.i

The world’s soil contains 2-3 times more carbon than the atmosphere. Increasing the storage of carbon by 0.4% per year, or by 4 parts per 1000 in the top 30-40cm of soil could stop the increase of CO2 in the atmosphere. In addition to targets of increasing soil carbon concentration, the 4 per 1000 initiative also serves as a network to demonstrate the role of agricultural soils in climate mitigation and food security, and seeks to contribute to climate stabilization.i

Otherinitiatives

The Global Mangrove Alliance aims to increase global mangrove cover by 20% by 2030. The alliance is guided by the concept of collaboration,and calls for members to come together with funders, experts, and local communities to conserve and restore mangroves at a scale much greater than any group could accomplish individually. The Global Mangrove Alliance supports restoration through toolkits, resources, and mapping guides from around the world.

This African-led initiative seeks to grow an 8,000km natural wonder of the world across the entire width of Africa, restoring 100 million hectares of degraded land. Growing a green wall across the Sahel does much more than just restore degraded land, and will fight poverty and hunger, build local resilience to climate change, improve health and well-being, create jobs, and boost economic opportunities.i

The Great Green Wall Initiative

The Bonn Challenge on Forest Landscape Restoration

The United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (UNDER)

The 4 PER 1000 Initiative

The Global Mangrove Alliance

This information is drawn from the following resource: iConvention On Biological Diversity. 2019. Considerations on Ecosystem Restoration for the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, Including a Possible Successor to Aichi Biodiversity Target 15. Available here (p. 11).

This information is drawn from the following resource: iUNEP & FAO. No Date. About the UN Decade. Available here.

This information is drawn from the following resource: i4 per 1000 Initiative. No date. Available here.

This information is drawn from the following resource: iGlobal Mangrove Alliance. No date. Available here.

This information is drawn from the following resource: iGreat Green Wall. No date. Available here.

REFERENCE

Considerations for restoration through the legal lens.

As you are thinking about policies relevant in your context, take into consideration the following dimensions that could serve as a lens for your analysis:

Effective rule of law provides certainty, reduces conflict and land degradation. Case studies from 10 countries (Chile, Ethiopia, Iran, Panama, Paraguay, Russia, Samoa, Solomon Islands, South Africa and Uganda) established that legislation recognizing community land, conserved areas, and traditional knowledge further enhanced the success of restoration programs.

Strong customary tenure and clear, uncontested land rights have a positive impact on good stewardship of landscapes, and are critical to the success of restoration programs.

Strong correlations exist between weak, poorly defined rights and insecure tenure, deforestation, and landscape-level degradation.

Approaches to restoration and rehabilitation of degraded ecosystems can benefit from the knowledge held by Indigenous Peoples and local communities who have been on the land for generations, and have relevant intergenerational observational knowledge. Indigenous law has key connections to sustainable land management.i

The Secretariat for the Environment of the State of São Paulo has enacted a legal instrument to drive restoration planning and to assess whether the goals and targets of mandatory restoration of the native vegetation are being achieved. Local legislation clarified what is meant by “restored land” by establishing three core indicators and associated thresholds that can be used to assess compliance with the legal obligation for landowners to restore their land. The three core indicators are: Ground coverage with native vegetation.Density of native plants spontaneously regenerating. Number of spontaneously regenerating native plant species. By 2037, it is expected that more than 300,000 restoration projects will be carried out in São Paulo state and monitored using this set of indicators instead of relying on mere declarations of areas under restoration. This approach could be applied to the growing number of ecological restoration programs carried out worldwide, especially in the context of offset policies intended to achieve serious compensation for environmental degradation or biodiversity loss.i

Supportive science-based legal frameworks in Brazil

Explore how supportive science-based legal frameworks were established in the State of São Paulo, Brazil.

REFERENCE

This information is drawn from the following resource: iChaves, R.B., Durigan, G., Brancalion, P.H.S. & Aronson, J. 2015. On the Need of Legal Frameworks for Assessing Restoration Projects Success: New Perspectives from São Paulo State (Brazil). Restor Ecol, 23. Available here.

In the context of ecosystem restoration, good governance structures have the following functions:

Governance

Provide access to information that supports an informed dialogue, and includes multi-stakeholder engagement incorporating Indigenous and local knowledge bases.

Recognize the value of diverse knowledge and opportunities for innovation.

Effectively coordinate mechanisms that cross sectors, scales, and administrative boundaries.

Value mechanisms for science-policy dialogue with stakeholders.

Respect citizens and the state for the institutions that govern economic and social interactions among them.i

REFERENCE

Institutional responsibility

As you are thinking about policies relevant in your context, take into consideration the following dimensions that could serve as a lens for your analysis: It is important to clearly identify the institutional responsibility for leading ecosystem restoration interventions. The assessment should receive an institutional home in an in-country institution or a partnership between several institutions not only to ensure credibility and follow-up of the assessment’s findings but also to provide the institutional ‘hub’ around which the multi-sector and multi-stakeholder collaborative approach to ecosystem restoration can be built.i

A government ministry (such as the Ministry of Natural Resources, or the Ministry of Agriculture). A national agency (such as the National Water Authority).A non-profit or academic technical institution (e.g. a specialist GIS group at the national university).i

These institution(s) could involve:

Once you have identified the institutional lead for your restoration program, consider all the institutions that you must engage in the restoration process. Any one government ministry will not have all the necessary technical expertise required to oversee the program.

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

REFERENCE

Inter-institutional coordination

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

To be effective, large-scale restoration requires considerable cross-sectoral and inter-institutional collaboration and coordination within a country, and often between countries.iThe development of mechanisms for cross-sectoral cooperation among government agencies in an inclusive and gender-responsive manner may be hindered by a lack of technical capacity required for facilitation. For this reason, the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration seeks to develop mechanisms for such cooperation and coordination on ecosystem restoration initiatives among government agencies at local, subnational, and national levels in an inclusive and gender-responsive way.i Learn more here.

This information is drawn from the following resource: iUNEP & FAO. No date. The United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration. Strategy Document. Available here.

REFERENCE

The Regreening Niger project

The Regreening Niger project provides a successful example of breaking down institutional silos and effectively collaborating with a wide range of stakeholders.Niger is a landlocked country with over 80% of its territory located in the Sahara Desert. During the past 20 years, farmers in two regions on the southern fringes of the Sahara have been responsible for the re-greening of approximately 5 million ha of once degraded farmland. By regenerating trees and shrubs, tens of thousands of households have restored the environment and improved their own livelihoods.

The expanding practice of ‘farmer-managed natural regeneration’ across the Sahelian region has helped to increase crop yields. This practice also provided fodder for livestock, fuelwood, medicines, fruits, cooking oil, and much more. This case study demonstrates that breaking down institutional silos to facilitate collaboration can support the scaling-up of efforts to restore ecosystems.

Learn more about the partnerships for farmer-managed natural regeneration here.

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

This information is drawn from the following resource: iPye-Smith, C. 2013. The Quiet Revolution: How Niger’s Farmers are Re-Greening the Parklands of the Sahel. ICRAF Trees for Change. No. 12. Available here.

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

Tools

ROAM

A Policy Analysis Perspective on Ecological Restoration

Policies that Support Forest Landscape Restoration: What They Look like and how They Work

ROAM provides examples of the criteria and indicators for the assessment of the legal, institutional, and policy context.

Using a simple Stages model of the policy process, this publication explores the politics of ecological restoration using an array of examples drawn across sectors, different size and scale, and from different countries.

A successful process to advance forest and landscape restoration (FLR) needs to motivate, enable, and resource its implementation. This brief offers a preliminary exploratory analysis of the range of policies that respond to each of these three requirements.

NBSAPs contain information on geographical areas where restoration would contribute most significantly to achieving national-level targets.

National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plans (NBSAPs)

Mapping Social Landscapes: A Guide to Identifying the Networks, Priorities, and Values of Restoration Actors

This tool is useful in identifying all the groups the restoration team needs to consult with during the establishment of legal, policy, and financial frameworks for restoration.

Considerations

During this step, and throughout your program, consider not just involving, but collaborating at an equal level with all stakeholders at all stages of the process. Collaboration will elicit more sustainable outcomes and will maximize the benefits for local communities.

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

Congratulations on completing Module 3 Lesson 1!

The key points to remember from this lesson are:

It is important to budget the time for assessing institutional, policy, and legal frameworks for your restoration interventions from the very beginning. This will help you avoid surprises when it comes to implementation.

The diagnosis of success factors involves three key steps:

Selecting the scope.
Assessing the status of key success factors.
Identifying strategies to address missing factors.

You should finish this lesson with a basic understanding of the following in your context:

The policy environment.
The legal environment.
The institutional framework.

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

To put the information you have learned to practice, review the Workbook ‘Legal, Policy and Governance Aspects.’

Rehabilitating Nature: A Comparative Review of Legal Mechanisms That Encourage Wetland Restoration Efforts, 52 Cath. U. L. Rev. 573.

I4 Per 1000 Initiative. No date.

Baker, S., & Eckerberg, K. 2013.

A Policy Analysis Perspective on Ecological Restoration. Ecology and Society. Vol. 18, No. 2.

Dale, V.H., & Beyeler, S.C. 2013.

Challenges in the Development and Use of Ecological Indicators. Ecological Indicators.

Cao, B. 2018.

Defining Environmental Citizenship.

Chaves, R.B., Durigan, G., Brancalion, P.H.S. & Aronson, J. 2015.

On the Need of Legal Frameworks for Assessing Restoration Projects Success: New Perspectives from São Paulo State (Brazil). Restor Ecol, 23: 754-759.

References

Gardner, R. 2003.

Global Mangrove Alliance. No date.

FAO. 2006.

Legal, policy and institutional framework: Background paper to the Kotka V Expert Consultation.

Government Of Kenya. 2017.

National Mangrove Ecosystem Management Plan. Kenya Forest Service, Nairobi, Kenya.

Great Green Wall. No date.

The Law Dictionary. No Date.

Natural Resource Governance Institute. 2015.

Legal Framework Navigating the Web of Laws and Contracts Governing Extractive Industries.

International Ecological Engineering Society.

Challenges in Developing an Institutional Framework.

IUCN & WRI. 2014.

A Guide to the Restoration Opportunities Assessment Methodology (ROAM): Assessing Forest Landscape Restoration Opportunities at the National or Sub-National Level. Working Paper (Road-test edition).

IPBES. 2018.

The IPBES Assessment Report on Land Degradation and Restoration. Montanarella, L., Scholes, R., and Brainich, A. (eds.). Secretariat of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services.

Slobodian, L., Vidal, A. & Saint-Laurent, C. 2020.

Policies that Support Forest Landscape Restoration: What They Look Like and how They Work.

Secretariat Of The Convention On Biological Diversity. 2019.

Considerations on Ecosystem Restoration for the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, Including a Possible Successor to Aichi Biodiversity Target 15.

UNEP & FAO. No Date.

About the UN Decade.

Pye-Smith C. 2013.

The Quiet Revolution: How Niger’s Farmers are Re-Greening the Parklands of the Sahel. ICRAF Trees for Change no. 12.

What is a Policy Framework?

UNEP & FAO. No date.

The United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration. Strategy Document.

UNDeSA Sustainable Development. No Date.

The United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration. Strategy Document.

Van Dijk, K. & Savenije, H. 2009.

Towards National Financing Strategies for Sustainable Forest Management in Latin America.

Welcome To M3 L1

Objectives

Glossary

Framework Interlinkages

Regulations to consider

Diagnosing Success factors

Lenses

Enabling Environment

Institutional Responsibility

Inter-institutional coordination

Case study

Tools

Considerations

M3 L1 COMPLETE

REFERENCES

Success factors

2022 ENG Part 1 M3 L1 - Assessing Institutional, Policy and Legal

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