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Mind and Brain Doctoral Program PhD proposal

METACOGNITION OF ONE'S OWN EMOTIONAL STATES

Paula Alarcón

Academic Background

Previous studies
Research projects

Introduction

Emotional processing
Metacognition

Aim of this PhD

Research questions
Hypotheses

Experimental design

Methods and Experiments

Implications

Interdisciplinarity

Index

2014

2010

BSc Biochemistry

Immunology

Freie Universität Berlin

MSc Neuroscience

BSc Thesis

2010

Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience

Internship cognitive neuroscience

MSc Thesis

Metacognition of motor skills

Neural circuits in Drosophila

2020-2021
(10 months)

2021-2022 (8 months)

2018

2019

Academic Background

Metacognition of Motor Skills

Recent-graduate internship in cognitive neuroscience

Assisting an ongoing project to study Metacognition and
Sense of Agency.

How different information about our movements (movement vs outcome) is used for attribution of agency.

Elisa Filevich's lab

Experience:
Electroencephalography (EEG)
Metacognition research

To what extent are we aware
of the emotions we feel?

Emotional Awareness

Metacognitive ability
of emotion recognition (in other's):

Metacognition (awareness)
of emotion

  • Emotional facial expressions

  • Prosodic speech

Emotions have a particular “feeling state” which we can be aware of.
Emotional processing can happen unconsciously.

Emotional Processing

Kelly & Metcalfe, 2011

Lausen & Hammerschmidt, 2020

Are there metacognitive abilities to recognise our own emotional states?

"Thinking about thinking"

Metacognition

Higher-order evaluations of cognitive processes (memory, perception, motor, attention, emotion...)

La reproduction interdite, René Magritte

Meta-Level

Object-Level

Control

Monitoring

(Memory)

(Knowledge)

Metacognition

How to study it

2-Alternative Forced Choice (2-AFC) task + Confidence

Higher-order evaluations of cognitive processes (memory, perception, motor, attention...)

How confident a subject is about their performance in a given behavioral task.

A subject has high metacognitive sensitivity
(meta-d') when it is able to exclusively endorse correct trials with high confidence.

Metacognitive efficiency (M-ratio) is the level of metacognitive sensitivity (meta-d’) related to task performance (d’).
M-ratio = meta d’/d’

M-ratio = meta-d'/d'

Understand to what extent we are aware of our own emotional states

Aims of this PhD

Research questions

Hypotheses

  • What is the M-ratio of recognition of one’s own emotional states?

  • Is there a difference in the M-ratio for different emotional states?

2. Some emotional states (arousal, hedonic valence) may be easier to monitor than others.

1. Metacognition of emotion may be similar to metacognition in other domains that rely on introspection.

  • What is the M-ratio of recognition of one’s own emotional states?

  • Is there a difference in the M-ratio for different emotional states?

  • Can metacognition of emotion be enhanced via meditation practices?

3. Training in meditation may increase metacognition of emotion, as it was shown for memory metacognition.

Baird et. al, 2014

Experimental design

1. Metacognition of emotion may be similar to metacognition in other domains that rely on introspection.

Population and sample

Psychophysics
(2-AFC task)

ERP components for emotional processing: EPN (visual), LPP (associative)
Comparing global power of ERPs voltages of both stimuli
Introspective Accuracy: Matching task responses with higher ERP voltage

Accuracy, Confidence ratings:

M-ratio

Lee & Park, 2011

EEG

Experimental design

1. Metacognition of emotion may be similar to metacognition in other domains that rely on introspection.

Population and sample

Psychophysics
(2-AFC task)

ERP components for emotional processing: EPN (visual), LPP (associative)
Comparing global power of ERPs voltages of both stimuli
Introspective Accuracy: Matching task responses with higher ERP voltage

Accuracy, Confidence ratings:

M-ratio

Lee & Park, 2011

EEG

2. Some emotional states (arousal, hedonic valence) may be easier to monitor than others.

M-ratio

Condition 2

Condition 1

Population and sample

Experimental design

1. Metacognition of emotion may be similar to metacognition in other domains that rely on introspection.

3. Training in meditation may increase metacognition of emotion, as it was shown for memory metacognition.

2-week meditation program

Control group

vs

Population and sample

Session 1

Baird et. al, 2014

2. Some emotional states (arousal, hedonic valence) may be easier to monitor than others.

Population and sample

Population and sample

Session 2

Educational sciences

  • Metacognitive training to improve academic performance

Cognitive neuroscience

  • Emotional processing

Psychology


  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Implications of this study

Philosophy

  • Metacognition and consciousness
  • Emotional free will

To what extent are we aware of our own emotional states?

“I don't want to be at the mercy of my emotions. I want to use them, to enjoy them, and to dominate them.”

Oscar Wilde, The Picture of Dorian Gray

Any questions?

Thanks for

your attention

IAPS

International Affective Picture System

Bradley &, Lang, 2017

Ward, 2019

ERP-s components

Emotional Processing: Arousing vs neutral images

Keil et al., 2002

Late Positive Potential (LPP)

Early Posterior Negative potential (EPN)

Schupp et al., 2007

Metacognition

Signal Detection Theory

2-AFC task + Confidence

Maniscalco & Lau, 2014

PHD TIMELINE

2026

Writing Thesis

2025

Experiment 2:
Meditation training, data collection (session 2), analyses

GOAL

START

2023

Experiment 1:
Pilots, data collection, analyses

2024

Experiment 2:
Design, data collection (session 1)

2022

Experiment 1:
Design, set up, programming

Self-monitoring of emotions is a treatment strategy, that allows the patient to become aware of patterns of thought and behavior.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Emotional Awareness

Meditation practices

Focused Attention Meditation (FAM) concentrates on e.g. breathing, while monitoring thoughts, feelings, and sensations that come as distractors.

The ability to perceive, evaluate, and manage emotions in yourself and others.

Emotional Intelligence

Emotions have a particular “feeling state” which we can be aware of.
Emotional processing can happen unconsciously.

Emotional Processing