THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR

The american civil war

start

how is the american civil war a turning

point in the American and the world

history ?

Union and Confederate troops clash at the Battle of Franklin in Tennessee, 1864.

the american civil war

The Civil War was fought between the Northern and Southern states. It had two main causes:

The problem of slavery: the Northerners wanted its abolition and the liberation of slaves working in the cotton fields of the South.

The weight to be given to the federal government as opposed to the state governments.

In response to this opposition, some Southern states decided to secede, leaving the Federal Union to form the Confederacy.

Armed battles ensued, culminating in President Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation in 1863: slaves were free. But the Civil War lasted another 2 years.

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confederate flag painting

the confederacy

The Confederate States of America, also called the Confederacy during the American Civil War, was a collection of 11 southern states conducting all the business of a separate government and waging a major war against the northern states until defeat in the spring of 1865.

federal army celebrated

During the American Civil War, the Federal Government was generally referred to as the Union, although the terms “United States,” “Federals,” the “North,” and “Yankee” were also used. Supported by 20 Free States and five Border States

The Union

The fire-eaters

abolitionist

The abolitionist movement was an organized effort to end the practice of slavery in the United States. The first leaders of the campaign, which took place from about 1830 to 1870, mimicked some of the same tactics British abolitionists had used to end slavery in Great Britain in the 1830s. Thought it started as a movement with religious underpinnings, Supporters and critics often engaged in heated debates and violent, even deadly, confrontations. This movement led to the Civil War and ultimately the end of slavery in America.

In American history, the Fire-Eaters were a group of pro-slavery Democrats in the Antebellum South who urged the separation of Southern states into a new nation, which became the Confederate States of America. The dean of the group was Robert Rhett of South Carolina. Some sought to revive America's participation in the Atlantic slave trade, which had been illegal since 1808.

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After the Battle of Shiloh in 1862, soldiers reported a peculiar phenomenon: glow-in-the-dark wounds. More than 16,000 soldiers from both armies were wounded during the battle, and neither Union nor Confederate medical personnel were prepared for the carnage. Soldiers lay in the mud for two rainy days, and many of them noticed that their wounds glowed in the dark. In fact, the injured whose wounds glowed seemed to heal better than the others. In 2001, two Maryland teenagers solved the mystery (and won a top prize at an international science fair). The wounded became hypothermic, and their lowered body temperatures made ideal conditions for a bioluminescent bacterium called Photorhabdus luminescens, which inhibits pathogens.

funny fun fact

Glowing wounds

Picture from the Civil War

Engineers of the 8th New York State Militia in front of a tent, 1861. National Archives

I choose this picture because the Civil War was the first large and prolonged conflict recorded by photography. During the war, dozens of photographers--both as private individuals and as employees of the Confederate and Union Governments--photographed civilians and civilian activities; military personnel, equipment, and activities; and the locations and aftermaths of battles. Because wet-plate collodion negatives required from 5 to 20 seconds exposure, there are no action photographs of the war.

The name Mathew B. Brady is almost a synonym for Civil War photography. Although Brady himself actually may have taken only a few photographs of the war, he employed many of the other well-known photographers before and during the war. Alexander Gardner and James F. Gibson at different times managed Brady's Washington studio. Timothy O'Sullivan, James Gardner, and Egbert Guy Fox were also employed by Brady during the conflict.

THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR

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