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Art Timeline
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Transcript
Art Timeline
40,000-4,000 BC
Prehistoric Art
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Prehistoric Art 40,000-4,000 BC CHARACTERISTICS Rock carvings, pictorial imagery, sculptures, and stone arrangements LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Prehistoric cultures that existed before the advent of a written language INFLUENTIAL WORKS Lascaux cave paintings, Paleolithic era
40,000 BC-2022
500 AD-1453 AD
Medieval Art
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Medieval Art 500 A.D.-1453 A.D (Early Christian, Celtic, Byzantine, Coptic, Orthodox, Islamic, Romanesque and Gothic) CHARACTERISTICS Stylized imagery, biblical subjects, Classical mythology, Gothic architecture LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Abbot Suger Cimabue Giotto INFLUENTIAL WORKS Abbey Church of St. Denis, 1140-1144 A.D. Cimabue, Crucifix, 1288 Giotto, Lamentation of Christ, 1305
1600-1725 AD
Baroque
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Baroque 1600-1725 AD CHARACTERISTICS Ornate, grandeur, richness, stylistically complex, illusionism, dramatic LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Caravaggio Johannes Vermeer Rembrandt van Rijn Diego Velázquez Peter Paul Rubens INFLUENTIAL WORKS Caravaggio, The Calling of St Matthew, 1600 Rembrandt, The Night Watch, 1642 Diego Velázquez, Las Meninas, 1656 Johannes Vermeer, Girl with a Pearl Earring, 1665 Le Vau, Mansart, Le Brun, Le Notre, The Palace of Versailles, 1669
1750-1850
Neoclassicism
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Neoclassicism 1750-1850 CHARACTERISTICS Renewed interest in classical antiquity, harmony, simplicity, and proportion LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Antonio Canova Jacques-Louis David INFLUENTIAL WORKS Jacques-Louis David, Oath of the Horatii, 1784 Jacques-Louis David, Napoleon Crossing the Alps, 1801 Antonio Canova, The Three Graces, 1816
1848-1900
Realism
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Realism 1848-1900 CHARACTERISTICS Detailed depictions of everyday life Rejection of classical tradition Sought to portray real, contemporary life in a unidealized, truthful way LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Gustave Courbet Jean-François Millet INFLUENTIAL WORKS Jean-François Millet, The Gleaners, 1857 Gustave Courbet, The Stonebreakers , 1849
4,000 BC – 400 AD
Ancient Art
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Ancient Art 4,000 B.C. – 400 A.D. (Egyptian, Greek/Hellenistic and Roman Art) CHARACTERISTICS Religious and symbolic imagery, decorations for utilitarian objects, mythological stories. Monumental architecture Art and architecture used to promote interests of rulers and government. LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Civilizations from Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, Rome, and the Americas INFLUENTIAL WORKS Code of Hammurabi, 1754 B.C. Stepped Pyramid of Djoser, 2,630-2,611 B.C. Parthenon, 447-410 B.C. Pantheon, 100-112 A.D.
1400 AD-1600 AD
Renaissance
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Renaissance 1400 AD-1600 AD (Early Northern Renaissance, Late Northern Renaissance, Early Italian Renaissance, Late Italian Renaissance, Mannerism, and Transitional) CHARACTERISTICS Natural elements, individualism, realism, attention-to-detail, precision of human anatomy Revival of the art and architecture of classical antiquity. LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Leonardo da Vinci Michelangelo Raphael INFLUENTIAL WORKS Leonardo da Vinci, Mona Lisa, 1503 Michelangelo, David, 1504 Raphael, The School of Athens, 1511
1730-1770
Rococo
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Rococo 1730-1770 CHARACTERISTICS Lightness, elegance, natural forms, asymmetrical design, delicate details, pastel colors LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Antoine Watteau Francois Boucher INFLUENTIAL WORKS Antoine Watteau, Embarkation for Cythera, 1718 Francois Boucher, Venus Consoling Love, 1751
1780-1850
Romanticism
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Romanticism 1780-1850 CHARACTERISTICS Imaginative elements, focus on passion, emotion, and observing the senses Expressive use of color and brushstroke LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Francisco Goya Henry Fuseli William Blake Eugène Delacroix Caspar David Friedrich INFLUENTIAL WORKS Henry Fuseli, The Nightmare, 1781 William Blake, The Ghost of a Flea, 1820 Francisco Goya, Saturn Devouring His Son, 1823 Eugène Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People, 1830
1865-1886
Impressionism
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Impressionism 1865-1886 CHARACTERISTICS Short, quick brushstrokes, separation of color, sketch-like finish, modern subject matter Interest in Japonisme LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Claude Monet Pierre-Auguste Renoir Mary Cassatt INFLUENTIAL WORKS Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Dance in the City, 1872 Claude Monet, Impression, Sunrise, 1872 Mary Cassatt, The Child's Bath, 1892
Lascaux cave paintings, Paleolithic era
Mesopotamia, Code of Hammurabi, 1754 B.C.
The Raising of Lazarus (1310-1311) by Duccio di Buoninsegna; Duccio di Buoninsegna, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
School of Athens, 1509-1511, Raphael
Baroque ceiling frescoes of Cathedral in Ljubljana, Slovenia. Work of Italian master Giulio Quaglio in 1703–1706 and later 1721–1723; Petar Milošević, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Jean-Honoré Fragonard, The Swing, oil on canvas, 1767 (Wallace Collection, London)
Jacques-Louis David, Napoleon Crossing the Alps, 1801
Eugene Delacroix, Liberty leading the People, 1830, oil on canvas, 260 x 325 cm (Louvre, Paris)
Jean-François Millet, The Gleaners, 1857
View of Vetheuil sur Seine (1880) by Claude Monet; Claude Monet, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Art Timeline
1885-1910
Post Impressionism
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Post Impressionism 1885-1910 CHARACTERISTICS Subjective visions, symbolism, an intensive exploration of the expressive qualities of line, pattern, form, and color LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Georges Seurat Vincent van Gogh Paul Cézanne INFLUENTIAL WORKS Paul Cézanne, The Basket of Apples, 1879-1882 Georges Seurat, A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte, 1886 Vincent van Gogh, The Starry Night, 1889
40,000 BC-2022
1890-1910
Art Noveau
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Art Noveau 1890-1910 CHARACTERISTICS Long, sinuous lines and curves LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Alphonse Mucha Antoni Gaudí Louis Comfort Tiffany Aubrey Beardsley INFLUENTIAL WORKS Antoni Gaudí, Church of Sagrada Familia, 1882 Aubrey Beardsley, The Peacock Skirt, 1883 Alphonse Mucha, Princess Hyacinth, 1911
1905-1920
Expressionism
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Expressionism 1905-1920 CHARACTERISTICS Distortion of form Strong use of color to convey emotion and meaning Addresses themes of spirituality LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Edvard Munch Wassily Kandinsky Ernst Ludwig Kirchner INFLUENTIAL WORKS Edvard Munch, The Dance of Life, 1900 Wassily Kandinsky, The Blue Rider, 1903 Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Street, Dresden, 1908
1909-1914
Futurism
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Futurism 1909-1914 CHARACTERISTICS A focus on the technical progress of the modern machine age, dynamism, speed, energy, vitality and change Rejection of the classical tradition and past LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Giacomo Balla Umberto Boccioni Gino Severini INFLUENTIAL WORKS Carlo Carra, Funeral of the Anarchist Galli, 1910 Giacomo Balla, Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash, 1912 Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 1913
1917-1950
Surrealism
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Surrealism 1917-1950 CHARACTERISTICS Exploration of dreams and unconsciousness, inspired by Sigmund Freud LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Max Ernst René Magritte Salvador Dalí INFLUENTIAL WORKS Salvador Dalí, The Persistence of Memory, 1931 Max Ernst, The Robing of the Bride, 1940 René Magritte, The Son of Man, 1964
1880-1910
Symbolism
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Symbolism 1880-1910 CHARACTERISTICS Wide variety of subjects including heroes, women, animals, and landscapes with deep meanings such as love, death, sin, religion, or disease. Use of metaphors or symbols rather than real life to represent something. LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Charles Baudelaire Stéphane Mallarmé Paul Verlaine Edvard Munch INFLUENTIAL WORKS Gustave Moreau, Jupiter and Semele, 1895 Gustav Klimt, Death and Life, 1908 Edvard Munch, The Scream, 1893
1904-1910
Fauvism
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Fauvism 1904-1910 CHARACTERISTICS Expressive color, line, and brushwork, bold surface design, flat composition Strong use of color to express emotion LEADING CONTRIBUTORS André Derain Henri Matisse INFLUENTIAL WORKS Henri Matisse, Woman with a Hat, 1905 André Derain, The Houses of Parliament, 1905-1906
1907-1914
Cubism
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Cubism 1907-1914 CHARACTERISTICS Abstraction, flat, two-dimensional surfaces, geometric forms, contrasting vantage points LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Georges Braque Pablo Picasso INFLUENTIAL WORKS Georges Braque, Violin and Palette, 1909 Pablo Picasso, Guernica, 1937
1916-1923
Dada
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Dada Art 1916-1923 CHARACTERISTICS A rejection of logic and tradition Embraced change, spontaneity, irrationality, humor, and silliness LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Hugo Ball, Marcel Duchamp, Francis Picabia, Hans Arp, Hannah Hoch, Raoul Hausmann, Max Ernst, Kut Schwitters, Man Ray INFLUENTIAL WORKS Hugo Ball, Reciting the Sound Poem “Karawane,” 1916 Marcel Duchamp, Fountain, 1917 Raoul Hanusmann, The Spirit of our Time, 1920
1940-1950s
Abstract Expressionism
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Abstract Expressionism 1940-1950s (Abstract Expressionism 1945-1960) CHARACTERISTICS Spontaneity, improvisation, colossally scaled works, unique techniques LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Jackson Pollock Mark Rothko INFLUENTIAL WORKS Jackson Pollock, Autumn Rhythm (Number 30), 1950 Mark Rothko, Orange and Yellow, 1956
Georges Seurat, A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte, 1886
The Wounded Angel by Hugo Simberg
Alphonse Mucha, Princess Hyacinth, 1911
Henri Matisse, Woman with a Hat, 1905
Edvard Munch, The Dance of Life, 1900
Guitar and Glasses (1912) by Juan Gris; Juan Gris, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
The City Rises, Umberto Boccioni, 1910
LHOOQ, Marcel Duchamp, 1919
René Magritte, The Son of Man, 1964
Jackson Pollock, Autumn Rhythm (Number 30), 1950
Art Timeline
1950s-1960s
Op Art
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Op Art 1950s-1960s CHARACTERISTICS Use of colors, patterns, shapes, and contrast to create images that appeared to be moving or blurring LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Bridget Riley Jean-Pierre Yvaral Victor Vasarely INFLUENTIAL WORKS Bridget Riley, Blaze, 1964
40,000 BC-2022
1960s
Art Povera
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Art Povera 1960s CHARACTERISTICS Use of soil, rocks, paper, and other natural elements to create a pre-industrial sentiment LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Alighiero Boetti Giovanni Anselmo Mario Merz INFLUENTIAL WORKS Mario Merz, Giap’s Igloo, 1968
1960s-1970s
Conceptual Art
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Conceptual Art 1960s-1970s CHARACTERISTICS An emphasis on ideas over visual components in the form of performances, ephemera, and other forms LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Joseph Kosuth Marcel Duchamp Sol LeWitt INFLUENTIAL WORKS Joseph Kosuth, One and Three Chairs, 1965
1950s to 1960s
Pop Art
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Pop Art 1950s to 1960s CHARACTERISTICS Use of everyday, mundane objects, bold, vivid colors, mass media Drew inspiration from consumer culture, mass media and popular culture LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Andy Warhol Roy Lichtenstein INFLUENTIAL WORKS Andy Warhol, Campbell's Soup Cans, 1962 Roy Lichtenstein's Hopeless, 1963
1960s – 1970s
Minimalism
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Minimalism 1960s – 1970s CHARACTERISTICS A focus on exactly what the art portrays, aside from outside realities and emotions. Emphasizes the objecthood (three dimensionality) of sculpture Complete removal of the artist's hand LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Carl Andre Donald Judd Frank Stella Tony Smith INFLUENTIAL WORKS Frank Stella, Black Series I, 1967 Tony Smith, Die, 1968
1970-present
Contemporary
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Contemporary 1970-present CHARACTERISTICS Exploration of Postmodernism, Feminist art, Neo Expressionism, Street art, Appropriation art, Digital art, Earth Art, Performance Art and other small schools. LEADING CONTRIBUTORS Jeff Koons Judy Chicago Cindy Sherman Jean Claude and Christo Banksy Damien Hurst Marina Abramović INFLUENTIAL WORKS Jeff Koons, Michael Jackson and Bubbles, 1988 Judy Chicago, The Dinner Party, 1974-1979 Jean Claude and Christo, Running Fence, 1976 Banksy, Girl with Balloon, 2002
Bridget Riley, Blaze, 1964
Andy Warhol, Campbell's Soup Cans, 1962
Mario Merz, Giap’s Igloo, 1968
Frank Stella, Black Series I, 1967
Joseph Kosuth, One and Three Chairs, 1965
Jeff Koons, Michael Jackson and Bubbles, 1988