ODS Inglés fin

underwater life

MªCarmen García y Marta Rodríguez Moya

Climate action and

SDG 13 y 14

3.6 Goals

Webgraphy

4.

3.

2.

1.

SDG 14: Underwater life

SDG 13: Climate Action

What are the SDG?

3.4 Ecosystems

3.3 Microplastics

3.5 Animals

2.4 Highlights; 2050

2.3 GEI (Greenhouse gases)

3.2 Contamination

2.2 Climate change

3.1 Oceans function

2.1 What does it consist of?

Table of content

What are the SDG?

Sustainable Development Goals

They are the heart of the 2030 Agenda. They are an initiative promoted by the United Nations to give continuity to the 2030 agenda, agreed in 2015 to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity.

SDG 13: Climate Action

2.1

What does it consist of?

Adopt urgent measures to combat climate change and its effects

All countries on all continents are being affected by climate change. You have to do something NOW.

Landfills are a major source of emissions from the gas metano.

Carbon dioxide and methane are among the main GHGs.

The burning of fossil fuels generates GHG, these gases act as an envelope on the earth thus preventing heat from escaping and raising temperatures.

These changes may be natural, but since the 19th century, humans and their activities have been the main driver of climate change.

It refers to long-term changes in temperatures and weather patterns.

2.2

Climate change

2.3

Greenhouse gases

What are greenhouse gases?

They are gases found in the earth's atmosphere, preventing heat from dissipating outwards. This makes the temperature of the troposphere viable for life.

The greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon, but due to the action of man, with the emission of polluting gases with a greenhouse effect, such as CO2 and CH4, the action of this phenomenon has increased, producing global warming, which leads to a anthropogenic climate change.

2.4

Highlights; 2050

If we can quickly decarbonize our economy to near zero by mid-century, we can maintain a human-habitable planet.

We need a 50% reduction in GHG emissions by 2030, another 50% by 2040, another 50% by 2050 "

Two different futures

Air pollution and emissions that cause climate change go hand in hand, so less action on climate change will mean worse air quality "

The main reason is greenhouse gases. Considering the current emissions figure, an increase of more than two degrees Celsius by 2050 is almost inevitable.

How will the planet be in 2050?

The global temperature will rise between 2º and 3º

According to a study in the journal Science in Antarctica and Greenland, around 300 gigatons of ice have been lost annually EACH YEAR. If ALL the ice melts ... The sea level will rise 65 meters and the average temperature of the planet will go from 14º to 26 degrees Celsius. This would flood cities and change the world as we know it.

How will the planet be in 2050?

The Arctic will run out of ice in summer

The rise in temperatures caused by the expulsion of harmful gases into the atmosphere is causing the sea level to rise by leaps and bounds. Hundreds of millions of people will lose their houses buried by water by 2050.

How will the planet be in 2050?

Sea level will rise about half a meter

During these years an ancient weather pattern similar to El Niño could awaken in the Indian Ocean. If it does happen, floods, storms and droughts are likely to worsen and become more regular, disproportionately affecting populations most vulnerable to climate change.

How will the planet be in 2050?

Floods, droughts and storms in the Indian Ocean

The increase in the world population and therefore the consumption of meat, in addition to obtaining benefits in this industry, leads us to the proliferation of macro-farms that pollute the air, with GHG gases and the soil and water with nitrates.

How will the planet be in 2050?

Diet also influences

If greenhouse gas emissions are reduced, and all zero emissions agreements are met, a temperature control scenario may occur and they will not rise as much as anticipated.

How will the planet be in 2050?

Control of global temperature rise.

Another measure to slow down the rise in temperature and thus prevent the melting of the poles and the rise in sea level, is to reduce the use of fossil fuels and improve energy efficiency globally.

How will the planet be in 2050?

How to avoid thawing at the poles?

Another measure to avoid this would be to increase the forest mass, trees and plants absorb CO2 and generate oxygen.

How will the planet be in 2050?

How to avoid an increase in extreme weather events?

Repopulation of rural depopulated areas, fixing the inhabitants to the territory.Improvement of the quality of the meat. Water and soil contamination is avoided.

How will the planet be in 2050?

Promotion of extensive livestock

If all of the above is true, in a low-emissions scenario, these are some of the key components for rebuilding the oceans: salt marshes, mangroves, seagrass beds, coral reefs, seaweed, oyster beds, fishing, megafauna and deep ocean.

How will the planet be in 2050?

Marine life will be able to recover

SDG 14: Underwater life

The oceans are a major sink for carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and play a critical role in regulating the climate. They absorb carbon dioxide, which can be entrained and transported by bodies of water or captured during photosynthesis and converted into organic matter, in addition to being a source of human food.

3.1

Oceans function

3.2

Contamination

Is there pollution in the sea?

Plastic already floods the most remote places on the planet and, closer to our borders, accounts for 95 percent of the waste in the Mediterranean Sea, whose pollution accounts for the highest density of floating microplastics in its waters. Some of the most common contaminants: Pesticides, herbicides, chemical fertilizers, detergents, hydrocarbons, sewage, plastics.

Consequences of pollution

Threats to aquatic life: Plastics are the cause of death for some 100,000 marine species a year. Entanglement and restriction of movement, laceration, infection or suffocation are some of the causes of what causes plastic.

More plastic than fish in the ocean

At the current rate of consumption in ten years from now, the seas and oceans of our planet will contain one ton of plastics for every 3 tons of fish

GARBAGE PATCHES

In 1977 a huge garbage patch was discovered in the Pacific Ocean, it was of colossal dimensions. Currently that spot is twice the size of a country like Spain and continues to grow.

Consequences of Co2 in oceans

Alterations, loss of biodiversity and extension of species.

Loss of natural balance. It also indirectly affects terrestrial species.

It increases the temperature and acidity of the environment, altering the ecosystem.

MAPA

PLASTIC WASTE STATISTICS

3.3

Microplastics

Microplastics

"It is no longer that they are in the digestive tract, but they may be in any organ, so it would not be worth cleaning the fish",

At the end of 2018, a Greenspeace study concluded that 90% of the world's salt brands contained microplastics.

Small particles carry more risk as they can enter the bloodstream, lymphatic system and reach the liver.

Any European who consumes shellfish on a regular basis ingests approximately 11,000 microplastics a year.

When you go shopping, use a cloth bag, either for shopping or for vegetables, fruit, etc.

When you see some plastic on the beach, street etc, TAKE IT, put it in the yellow container.

Swap your toothbrush for one with natural bristles.

To wash use ecological detergents, scourers made of natural fiber.

Avoid drinking bottled water.

Solutions to combat microplastics

Developing systems in homes to prevent microplastics from being released into sewer lines and fitting into

3.4

Ecosystems

An ecosystem is a biological system made up of a community of living organisms and the physical environment where they are related.

Ecosystem

Kelp forest

Kelp forests are underwater areas with a high density of brown algae. They are recognized as one of the most productive and dynamic ecosystems on Earth.

Hydrothermal vents

A coral reef or coral reef is an underwater structure made from calcium carbonate secreted by corals.

Coral reef ecosystem

They are found along ocean ridges, places where there is a gap between tectonic plates and where magma overheats the water and dissolves minerals.

3.5

Animals

What do fish eat?

In their natural habitat, fish generally feed on other smaller aquatic animals, such as larvae or invertebrates. Most of them are carnivores, although some species feed on plants and algae. With the level of contamination we are reaching, it will be common for them to ingest plastics and microplastics.

Chauliodus

Marine Pig

Psychrolutes

Dumbo Octopus

Exotic animals

Seadragon

3.6

Goals

To be fulfilled in the next few years.

4.Take steps to restore the health and productivity of the oceans.

3. Improve the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans and their resources

2.Facilitate artisanal fishermen's access to marine resources and markets.

1. Increase economic benefits through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism

4.Effectively regulate fishing exploitation and put an end to overfishing, illegal, unreported fishing and destructive fishing practices.

3.Minimize and address the effects of ocean acidification

2.Sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse effects

1. Prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds

4.

Webgraphy

14. bbc.com

7. Youtube

13. nationalgeographic,com.es

6. ods.org

12. Pixabay

5. Ecoportal.net

11. Greenpeace.org

4. MUY interesante

10. Elpais.com

3. Iberdrola

9. Carbono.news

2. Meteored

8. Naciones Unidas (new.un.org)

1. Agenda2030.gob.es

Either we separate from the plastic, or we forget the planet.

THANK YOU!