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Language acquisition theories
juangarzon802
Created on November 19, 2021
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Transcript
1950
Cognitivism
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Information-processing model
Storaging of the information in the diferrent kinds of memory.
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1950
Developed through different experiments on animals, where it was hypotized that humans have the same process of learning.
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1940
Behaviourism
Language Acquisition Theories
Juan Garzón
Cognitive Perspective
Stages inside the child's mind and cognitive condition.
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1969
Cognitivism
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interactionist
Input chlidren receive from their parents and alll people through interaction in general.
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1970
Innate capacity to acquire language with universal grammar as direct source of help.
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1965
Innatism
Language Acquisition Theories
humanistc
Individuals as a whole person engaged with development and personal growth
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REFERENCES
- McLeod, S. (2020). Behaviorist Approach. Recovered from: https://www.simplypsychology.org/behaviorism.html
- Williams, B; Burden, R. (1997). Psychology for teachers: a social constructivist approach. [PDF]
- Theories of language acquisiton. [PDF]
- Learn My Test. (2019). Information processing theory explanied [Video]. Recovered from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aURqy9BEJO4
- Cherry, K. (2020). The 4 stages of cgnitive development. Recovered from: https://www.verywellmind.com/piagets-stages-of-cognitive-development-2795457
- Kamila Rosales. (2020). 2nd language theories and perspective [Video]. Recovered from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WVcNZFzW3EU
- Bright Hub Education. (2010). Interactionist theory of language acquisition and ESL. Recovered from: https://www.brighthubeducation.com/esl-teaching-tips/90410-the-interactionist-theory-of-language-acquisition-in-esl/
- Simplified English Lessons. (2018). Theories of language acquisition -parte 4 (the interactionist theorie) [Video]. Recovered from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-fZiBMkGv-8
- Janice Nielsen. (2021). Humanistic learning theory [Video]. Recovered from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w44xdtk1qrE
- Royuk, A. (n.d). Language acqusition theories, Amy Royuk. Recovered from: https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/language-acquisition-theories
- Gong, R. (n.d). Language acqusition theories. Recovered from: https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/early-milestones-in-language
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behaviourism
This theory analize the behavior of the person where is taken in mind processes of imitation, stimulus, punishments, rewards, conditioning and reinforcements.Numerous experiments were carried in animals to analize and conditioning them with stimulus and responses in order to create habits, where the desirable behaviour of the animals in the experiments were reward (Positive Reinforcement) in contrast to the undesirable behaviour that were punished and not rewarded (Negative Reinforcement).Experts in this theory hypothesized that the procces of learning in humans is similar to the animlas that were analized in the experiments.
2023
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Pavlov
- He suported the idea that children learn a language thanks to the reinforcement principle.
- Children imitates the language if its parents or carers .
- Successful utterances are rewarded instead of the unsuccessful that ere forgotten.
Skinner
- All behavior can be reduced to a stimulus-response association.
- Experiments about conditioning dogs after a studies in their digestion process.
Watson
cognitive Perspective
In this theory the acquisition language learnig is based within the child´s mental and cognitive development.Here, the main aspects to keep in mind are the maturation of the subject, the experience, social transmission, emotions in the moment of the learning process and the equlibrium to can pass through different satges in acquiring the language.The stages proposed by the Swiss phychologist Piaget determines the different ages and cognitive condition where the child is going to be classified in.
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2022
Stages:
- Sensorimotor: Birth to two years
- Preoperational: Ages two to seven
- Concrete operational: Ages seven to eleven
- Formal operational: Ages twelve and up
Piaget
A child first of all needs to understand, comprenhend concepts before she/they can acquire the specific language in which these concepts are performed.
George Milley
information process
This theory focuses on how the information is encoded and received into the memory.The theory developed by the American George Miller explains how the information is filter and directioned in the brain by classifiying what we are listening at the moment in the short-term memory or working memory or lastly into the long-term memory.
Short-term or working memory
The information storaged here is first received by the sensory memory and then it go into the shor-term memory, here the information is processed and filtered once again, some of them is discarded but, the rest goes into the long-term memory.There is lots of factors that affects the procces of storing the information as what we think that is important to remember or the degree of attention that we have.
information-processing model
Long-term memory
To can have a successfull process of filtration of the information sometimes is good to have some breaks to can recieve the information in little quanities, also is easier to only try to storage the most important information keeping all the neccesary aspects that can help to form the background of the information that is getting into the long-term memory.
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Chomsky
This theory claims that language is an innate capacity that all humans posses. In addition this theory states that people born with stablished rules in their heads that are known as Universal Grammar.In this way Universal Grammar is considered the basis in where the humans can star to build language. Children are exposed into an environment full of sounds that combined with the rules of universal grammar help them to create new sentences.
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2019 Donec lectus diam, imperdiet eu pretium aliquam, fringilla et ligula. Donec malesuada elementum nibh a consectetur. Curabitur vehicula rutrum dolor ac fringilla. Quisque vel varius arcu, at congue purus. Curabitur molestie pretium lacinia
Innatism
- Children must have an inborn faculty for language acquisition.
- Process biological determined.
- Focused on the improvised languague input that children receive.
- Adults do not often speaks in grammatically complete sentences.
Krashen
Monitor Model:
- Acquisitional Learning.
- Monitor.
- Natural Order.
- Comprehensible Input.
- The affective filter.
Carl Rogers
Humanistic theory clamis that each human have a natural potential for learning, where the learning becomes significant when this involves a personal o relevant sense for the individual and when the learners self-iniciated this process of learning.Here, we have to keep in mind and try to fulfill some needs of the individual. Also, they plan this process taking a sense of autonomiy but also a sense of ownership of their learning process where they establish individuals goals and the time of learning.
Humanistic
- Belives in human potential and supports the whole person.
- He trusted that people need to become healthy and once they are healthy they start to live up to their potential.
- He stated that an individual that achieved self-actualization is a fully functioning person.
Abraham Maslow
Maslow's hyerarchy of needs:
Prioritize humans needs
- Self-Actualization
- Self-Esteem
- Benlongingness and Love
- Safety and Security
- Physiological Needs
Interactionst
In this theory we can find children as a subject that does not need a direct teacher to acquire a language but, thanks to the interaction and the sounds that are around him and are emmitted by their parent or closets relatives.So, what happens here is that the behavior or speech acts that adults do works as a support for children in the adqusition process (scaffolding).The main purpose and ideals in which the authors and supporters of the interactionist theory have based their proposal is that, the only way in which children can learn and acquire a language is through the process of communication with others.
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Bruner
- Students retain knowledge best when that is something that they discovered for their own.
- Developed the socialcultural model.
Vygotsky
- Adults and infants have conversations through games or non-verbal communication.
- Children first observes adults and then develop the ability to communicate.
- Children cultural development is visible in their interaction with others and then inside the chlidren.
- Proposed the idea of the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD).