CARTAGENA PROTOCOL

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MADHUMITHA . K 20/PISA/112

The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety tis an international treaty governing the movements of living modified organisms (LMOs) resulting from modern biotechnology from one country to another.

CARTAGENA PRTOCOL ON BIOSAFETY

conclusion

WTO RELATIONS

eXAMPLES

PROCEDURE TYPES

LO across

working of protocol

Background

INTODUCTION

Article 1&4

Article 2

Index

• Type: Enviromental .
• Location :Montreal, Quebec, Canada (originally scheduled for 1999 at Cartagena, Colombia)
• Effective 11 September 2003
• Signatories :103
• Parties: 173
• Depositary : Secretary-General of the United Nations
• Languages: Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish

Background:

What is the purpose ?

The required number of instruments :

• ratification
• accession
• approval
• acceptance

The Protocol had 173 parties, which includes 170 United Nations member states, the State of Palestine, Niue, and the European Union

The Biosafety Protocol makes clear that products from new technologies must be based on the precautionary principle and allow developing nations to balance public health against economic benefits. Example:

This Protocol shall apply to the transboundary movement, transit, handling and use of all living modified organisms that may have adverse effects on the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, taking also into account risks to human health.

ARTICLE 4 : SCOPE

In accordance with the precautionary approach contained in Principle 15 of the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, the objective of this Protocol is to contribute to ensuring an adequate level of protection in the field of the safe transfer, handling and use of living modified organisms resulting from modern biotechnology that may have adverse effects on the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, taking also into account risks to human health, and specifically focusing on transboundary movements.

ARTICLES 1: OBJECTIVES

Article 2 GENERAL PROVISIONS 1. Each Party shall take necessary and appropriate legal, administrative and other measures to implement its obligations under this Protocol. 2. Deals with development and accounts to risk to human health . 3. Nothing in this Protocol shall affect in any way the sovereignty of States. 4.Right of the party. 5. The Parties are encouraged to take into account, as appropriate, available expertise, instruments and work undertaken in international forums with competence in the area of risks to human health

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5) Public awareness

4) Capacity building

3) The biosafety clearing house.

2) Risk assessment procedures.

1)Procedures for moving LMOs across borders

The Protocol promotes biosafety by establishing rules and procedures for the safe transfer, handling and use of LMOs and facilitates information sharing, including:

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LMOs-FFP Procedure

ADVANCED INFORMED AGREEMENT (AIA)

Considering the CPB’s focus on transboundry movement the procedures it establishes for regulating the movement of LMOs across international borders are of its most important interventions. Two key procedures are relevant in this regard:

Procedures for moving LMOs across border

1.

Info

5. PUBLIC AWARENESS

Info

4. CAPACITY BUILDING

Info

Info

3. BIOSAFETY CLEARING HOUSE (BCH)

2 . RISK ASSESMENT:

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Preamble stated by the protocol:

A number of agreements under the World Trade Organization , such as:

• the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary

Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Agreement)

• the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT Agreement),
• the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs),

contain provisions that are relevant to the Protocol

Relations with WTO

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GM fish

GM Tree

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GM Animal:

EXAMPLES OF GENETIC MODIFICATIONS:

Concluding remarks :

Several LMOs have been placed on the market It is important to ensure LMOs have no negative effects on biological diversity and human health . Every individual has a responsibility and a role to play in ensuring that LMOs do not adversely affect biodiversity and human health.

Why this protocol important?

The Protocol is a key agreement contributing to biodiversity conservation and sustainable development Biodiversity is the basis of human wellbeing As biodiversity declines, so too does the Earth’s capacity to support human life All humanity must safeguard biodiversity from all threats and to stop or reduce its loss