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- Choose 1 civilization from the map to focus on
- Click the +button to view the information
- Complete the assignment from that page
- Be prepared to submit your answers for the quiz
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Unit 1 Session: Early Civilizations
Stephanie Miller
Created on November 12, 2021
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Transcript
Unit 1 Session:
Choose a civilization:
+
+
+
+
- Choose 1 civilization from the map to focus on
- Click the +button to view the information
- Complete the assignment from that page
- Be prepared to submit your answers for the quiz
Activity
Today
Schedule
Norms
Who Invented...?
Activity
Early Civilizations
Together!
Share! (live)
Intentions & Criteria
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Class Norms What is expected of me in this session?
- Show Up!
- Be on time
- Participate
- Work Hard & Never give up
- Listen & Stay Focused
- Ask Questions
- Be Respectful & Kind
- Don't Stress
Intention: Today we will:
- make connections between early civilizations and our lives today by recognizing the lasting influence of innovations.
- can identify examples of an early innovation that is recognizable in my own life.
- am able to imagine a scenario in which the innovations of an early civilization never existed.
Video 1:
- Make a copy of this doc
- Instructions for how to make a copy/download
Questions:
In order:
Assignment Steps
Video 1 & 2
Answer the questions
Click to return to main
greece
Video 2: Hellenization
(Together as a class)
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Video:
- Use the same doc as the one we worked on together!
Questions:
In order:
Assignment Steps
Watch the video
Mythology & Literature
Answer the questions
Quiz!
greece
Literature
Mythology
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If you have finished answering the questions, you are ready to submit the quiz!
Some of the most popular stories from the Greeks are The Iliad and The Odyssey. The Iliad: the story of the Trojan war (more info here!) Click here to see many ways this story is referenced in our culture! ππππππππππππππ The Odyssey: the story of Odysseus's journey home from fighting in the Trojan war. (more info here!) Click here to see many ways this story is referenced in our culture!
There are SO many references to the Greek gods in our culture. They can be as obvious as movies or stories about the gods... Or a little more embedded. Take a look at this article for some interesting connections!
Video:
- Use the same doc as the one we worked on together!
Questions:
In order:
Assignment Steps
Watch the video
Contributions
Answer the questions
Quiz!
Mesopotamia
Contributions
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If you have finished answering the questions, you are ready to submit the quiz!
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Most of the city was filled with a maze of houses and shops.
Canals connected Ur to the nearby Euphrates River.
Farmers grew crops like wheat and barley outside the city's walls.
A giant temple (ziggurat) dedicated to the moon god Nanna and his wife Ningal dominated the city.
Inside the city's walls was another canal and a large harbor, where foreigners docked their boats while they traded with Ur's merchants.
Massive walls protected Ur from attack.
Ur was one of the earliest and largest cities of ancient Mesopotamia. This great trading center and port was home to roughly 30,000 people. Located on the Euphrates River near the Persian Gulf, Ur carried on a rich trade with merchants from distant lands like India. This illustration shows what Ur may have looked like around 2000 BC.
Cities Mesopotamia saw the first transition of settlements* to cities! Ur (the main pic) is one example of these first cities. *Settlements: a location where groups stopped roaming and built permanent dwellings
Ziggurats These are huge temples used as gathering places for religious activities. (this is just the staircase to one!) The Mesopotamians believed that the higher the building, the closer to the gods. This idea influenced early cathedral builders. We can see this influence in steeples and bell towers. Over time, the height of the church elements has been minimized, but the general shape is still very common!
Cuneiform The first wirtten language! This language signaled the end of "prehistory" and the start of "history" (Literally, once things could be written down, the time is considered "history."
Astronomy The Mesopotamians were the first people to chart the movement of the stars, planets, sun, and moon across the sky! They used this info to predict events such as moon phases and eclipses. They were also the first the divide up a year into 12 parts based on celestial movement. Each part is named after the most prominent constellation. (These parts would be adopted by the Greeks who renamed the constellations. We recognize these as the Zodiac)
Math The Mesopotamians established the Base 60 System. 60 seconds in a minute 60 minutes in an hour 360 degrees in a circle
Week Dividing a week into 7 days was a Mesopotamian idea!
Law The first written code of laws is Hammurabi's Code.
Video:
- Use the same doc as the one we worked on together!
Questions:
In order:
Assignment Steps
Watch the video
Tools & Cosmetics
Answer the questions
Quiz!
Egypt
Cosmetics
Tools
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If you have finished answering the questions, you are ready to submit the quiz!
5 tools from the
Egyptians
IrrigationSystems
Shadoof/Shaduf
Sickle
MeaurementMath
Ox-drawnplow
The Nile River flowed through Egypt and would flood for about 2 weeks a year, leaving the area around the river saturated with the nutrients needed for lush, farming soil. Eventually, the Egyptians decided they needed to control these floodwaters, and established an irrigation system. This allowed them to direct the flow of the flood to specific areas. Farms and gardens use this today through canals and sprinkler systems.
To help harvest crops, the ox-drawn plow was developed. Other large animals would be used, too. This can still be seen today.
To help harvest crops by hand, the Egyptians developed the sickle (hooked blade). These are still in use today, though many variations now exist.
This invention was another way to control the water. It was a bucket and pulley system that allowed a person to gather water without straining the body. There was a weight on one end of the pole and a bucket on the other. A person only needed to lower the bucket down/up, physics would do the hard work. This idea is still used around the world in civilizations of various development.
The Egyptians began applying measurements and numbers when surveying the land; looking at distances and depth. This would allow for accuracy in irrigation and construction. To build a solid structure or tool, then replicate that original structure/tool multiple times, you need to have accurate measurements. Think about the shadoof, to make multiples of these, you need to have a plan. - How long does the arm have to be? - Where does the arm have to sit along the crossbar? - How high does the crossbar have to be? - The level of Nile fluctuated, so it needed to be short enough to reach the water when low, and high enough to have a fillable angle when the Nile was high. - How much weight is needed to counterbalance a full bucket of water? Measurements are still used today to construct and build!Houses, tables, ramps, skateboards all use measurement math.
Info
Eye Make-up This recognizable element started out as a green or blue pigment, then was later replaced by kohl (black, ground substances). Kohl protected from flies and dust, reflected sun (like we see in sports, today).
Creams and ointments were used as: Sunscreen Scar ointment (honey) Anti-wrinkle creams
Bug Repellant + Burned or wore crushed flowers and plant oils. + Shaved their head (no lice!) and wore wigs. These coverings also protected their heads from the sun and why the stereotypical depictions of Egyptians have square-like hair-dos. These wigs were made of various materials: - The rich could afford wigs of human and animal hair blended with plant fibers. - The poor would wear wigs made of plants (like papyrus) or general cloth head coverings. In this pic of a Pharo's wife, you can see her elaborate head covering and that she is bald underneath.
Egyptians would bathe every day. They would take care of their teeth by brushing them with a form of toothbrush and toothpaste (mint, salt, pepper, ground flowers) They even had breath mints made of spices, seeds, herbs mixed with honey.
Egyptians believed they had to earn their access to the afterlife. One of those requirements was to be healthy and clean. To achieve this, the Egyptians were very particular about their hygiene habits. Click the symbols to read about some of their habits.
Other cosmetics used: perfumes and deodorants manicures/pedicures foot ointments applicators like make-up brushes