if clause

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IF CLAUSE

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

HOW MANY types of CONDITIONAL SENTENCES ARE THERE?

Zero Conditional SentencesSecond Conditional Sentences Third Conditional Sentences Mixed Conditional

IF-CLAUSE MAIN-CLAUSEIF + S1 + SIMPLE PRESENT S2 + SIMPLE PRESENT IF + S1 + AM/IS/ARE S2 + AM/IS/ARE Tobe : Am/is/are (not) Regular Verb (+) S ( He/she/it) : Vs/es (-) : doesn't + Vinf (+) S ( I/you/we/they) : Vinf (-) : don't + Vinf

Structures - Formula

Zero Conditional Sentences ! 0

Zero Conditional sentences express a truth, a self-evident truth, a habit or an imperative, a suggestion.​

Ex:When they are short of money, they don’t eat out Whenever you press the button, the television turns on

NOTES: In Zero Conditional Sentences can replace If=When/Whenever

Ex:If you cook ice,it turns to water.

Describe the truth

Ex:If I get up,I brush my teeth first.

Example of zero conditional sentences

Describe a habit

MAIN-CLAUSE S2 + Modal Verb (can/will/shall/,..) + Vinf (can't/won't/shan't/,...)

IF-CLAUSE IF + S1+ V(Simple present)

Structures - Formula

First Conditional Sentences ! 1

The event is likely to happen in the present ,in the future. It's real !

Example of first conditional sentences

Ex2 : If I have time, I will help you

Ex3 : If I pass the exam, I will organize a celebration party

Ex1 : If you don't hurry,you will miss the bus

In some cases, present continuous tense, present perfect tense and present perfect continuous tense can be used in ‘If Clause'

Ex : If he is still talking on the phone, tell him to hang up the phone.

Second Conditional Sentences ! 2

Describes an action that cannot happen in the present or in the future. In other words, this is a form of conditional sentence that is not real in the present.

MAIN-CLAUSE S2 + V + Past Modal Verb (Could/Would/,...) + Vinf (Couldn't/Wouldn't/,...)

IF-CLAUSE IF + S1 + V (Simple Present)were/weren'tdidn't + Vinf

Structures - Formula

Second Conditional Sentences ! 2

Ex: If I were you, I wouldn’t buy that bag.

Give advide. ( If I were you....)

Example of second conditional sentences

Used to say things, possibilities that are opposite or impossible to happen in the present or future.

Ex: If Windy had lots of money, he would buy a Audi.

HOWEVER, in spoken language, "WOULD" is often used for all persons.

NOTES :

In second conditional sentences, tobe is were(not)

General principles :"SHOULD" is used for FIRST Person "WOULD" is used for SECOND and THIRD Person

HOWEVER, in spoken language, "WOULD" is often used for all persons.

NOTES :

In second conditional sentences, tobe is were(not)

General principles :"SHOULD" is used for FIRST Person "WOULD" is used for SECOND and THIRD Person

Third Conditional Sentences ! 3

Third Conditional Sentences is a form of conditional clause that is not true in the past, making an assumption that is completely opposite to what actually happened.Expressing reproach ,regret.

MAIN-CLAUSE S2 + Past Modal Verb + have + V3/ED(could/would/,...) (couldn't/wouldn't/,..)

IF-CLAUSE If + S1 + had(not) + V3/ED

Structures - Formula

Third Conditional Sentences ! 3

Example of third conditional sentences

Ex1 : If I had worked harder, I could have passed the exam

Ex2 : If I had known you were coming, I would have baked a cake.

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