The Creation of Bangladesh

made by: Adeena,alishba, asra, khadeeja, rida

the creation

of bangladesh

3. Questions

2. Causes of Creation

1. Timeline

objectives

10 Jan 1972 Mujib-ur-Rehman becomes first Prime Minister of Bangladesh

21 Dec 1971 Republic of Bangladesh officially declared an independent nation

20 Dec 1971 Yahya resigns as President. Bhutto takes over.

16 Dec 1971 Pakistan army in East Pakistan forced to surrender

4 Dec 1971 India declares war on Pakistan

25 Mar 1971 Civil War breaks out between East and West Pakistan

Dec 1970 Awami League wins majority in the National Assembly

TIMELINE

CAUSES OF THE CREATION OF BANGLADESH

social and Cultural disparity

Pakistan was divided into East and West Pakistan . East Pakistan was majority in terms of population so they felt underrepresented when Urdu was chosen as the national language instead of Bengali . There were 6% Urdu speaking and 56% Bengali speaking, however Urdu was still chosen as national language . Their were differences of CULTURE, ART, MUSIC, AND DANCE . They had a 1000 miles difference and even more divided by culture. There was a superiority complex in the people of West Pakistan.

East and West Pakistan

Primary school in West rose by 163% while, East Pakistan had a 38% increase

In 1948 only 200 doctors and 3000 hospital beds were in East Pakistan

No major border dispute between India and East Pakistan

West Pakistan had borders with India so spending on army was considered to be for West Pakistan

Jute was grown in East wing, so Bengalis thought that west wing’s growth was by transferring resources

West Pakistanis were 15% wealthier than East Pakistanis

Per capita in west Pakistan went from 330 to 373 rupees between 1949 to 1960 however, Per capita declined in East Pakistan from 350 to 288 rupees.

Bengalis believed that jute income trade were for West Pakistan

Twice as much aid and investment went to west Pakistan as East Pakistan

Economy boost up measures were seemed to be in favor of West Pakistan

East Pakistan was very much poorer of the two wings

economic disparity

1970 CYCLONE A devastating cyclone struck east Pakistan (Present day Bengal) and India on November 11, 1970. It was one of the world’s deadliest natural disasters with 500,000 people losing their lives in the storm. The Pakistani government led by Yahya Khan was criticised for its delayed handling of relief operations following the storm, both by political leaders in East pakistan and in the international market.

East Benglis objected that they had less number of higher level posts in the government , even though they had a majority in the constitution assembly. The Governor Generals, Prime Ministers were always nearly from West Pakistan. The senior postitions in the armed forces, senior government positions, post in the civil services and the high level posts in Dhaka were filled by West Pakistanis and the refugees from India, very little participation of East Pakistan was there.

political disparity

Problems caused by results

• Awami League would have majority in National Assembly and could form the government
• Awami League would limit power central government
• reduced funds for central government in West Pakistan

• Main parties were: Pakistan People’s Party- Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and Awami League- Sheikh Mujib-ur-Rehman
• Awami league won support due to the Six Points
• Main points were:

1.autonomy for provinces 2.separate currencies, army and trade for EP and WP 3. Provinces would tax people not federal government

problematic results and the six points

general yahya khan

sheikh mujib-ur-rehman

India’s forces were larger and it was supported by Soviet Union.

3rd December, war broke out with the next India land, air and sea assaults on East Pakistan.

Indian army began training Mukti Bahini

31st March 1971, India declared its support for Bengal against West Pakistan.

the indian intervention

21st December 1971, Bangladesh was officially formed with Mujib-ur-Rehman as the Prime Minister

Yahya Khan signed a peace treaty with India and resigned to be replaced by Bhutto.

Pakistan’s forces were smaller and it had no support.

United Nations called on both states to stop fighting but India did not want to withdraw from east Pakistan.

This question is about the formation of Bangladesh. Study the sources (Insert) carefully and then answer the questions which follow. (a) According to Source A, what problems were caused by Cyclone Bhola in 1970? [3] (b) What does Source B tell us about the outcome of the conflict between East Pakistan and West Pakistan? [5] (c) Why did the victory of the Awami League in the 1970 elections in Pakistan cause a constitutional crisis? [7](d) Were political concerns more important than economic ones in the creation of Bangladesh in 1971? Exlain your answer. [14]

questions!

thanks!