Science 5th grade, Lesson 1 &3, (1rst Partial)

Chapter 1: How scientist work Lesson 1: What is science?

start

PRESENTAtion

Science Class

Rules & Consequences

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Unit 1: How Scientist Work

Lesson 1: What is science?

OPINION

sCIENCE

eVIDENCE

iNVESTIGATION

LESSON VOCABULARY

Lesson 1: What is science? Page 4

• Paleontologists: they are scientists who study the history of life on Earth.

• Palentologist & other scientist: they try to explain how and why things in the natural world happen. They answer quetions by doing investigations.

Lesson 1: What is science?Page 4

• Palentologist & other scientists:
• Observe: use five senses to collect information.
• Compare: find ways objects and events are similar and different.

Lesson 1: What is science?Page 4

• Investigation: is a procedure carried out to carefully observe, study, or test something in order to learm more about it.

• Science: is the study of the natural world and involves making observations and performing investigations.

• Evidence: is information collected during a scientific investigation.
• Direct evidence: Fossil
• Indirect evidence: foot print.

Prove it! Page 6

Prove it! Page 6

• Dr. Francesco Redi plans & conduct investigations to gather evidence.
• He put some rotted meat into a jar. One jar is sealed, another jars is opened.
• He watches that a fly lie in the opened jar. He watches the maggots turned into adult flies
• He observes adult flies
• He observes that only the meat in jars he left open have maggots.
• All the evidence supports his idea: living insects can only come from other living insects.

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Scientist draw conclusions from the results of ther investigations. Any conclusion must be backed up with evidence. Other scientists judge the conclusion based on how much evidence is given. Don't jump to conclusion too quickly. 1. Repeat your investigations 2. Infer 3. Draw conclusion .

A STICKY TRAP -Page 8

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Observation: Information collected by using the five senses. The insect is stuck in the spider web. Inference: An idea or a conclusion based on observation. A spider is going to use the bug for food later. Opinion: A personal belief that does not need proof. Spiders are really gross!

A STICKY TRAP-Page 9

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Active Reading

• What are the sticky traps in science?

Personal feelings and opinions should not afect how you do investigations. Don't ingnore evidence just because you don't like what it means.

A STICKY TRAP-Page 8

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Today there are so many way for scientist to communicate, or share the results of investigation. When scientists communicate clearly, others can repeat their investigations. They can compare their results with those of others. They can expand on one another's idea. In these ways, scientific knowledge grow.

Knowledge Grows Page 10

1953

1947

1882

1729

The first computer is sold.

The transistor, needed to make radios and computer, is invented.

Thomas Edison opens the first electricity generating station.

Stephen Gray shows that electrical energy can be carried through a wire.

Timeline...Page 11

1953

1947

1882

1729

The first computer is sold.

The transistor, needed to make radios and computer, is invented.

Thomas Edison opens the first electricity generating station.

Stephen Gray shows that electrical energy can be carried through a wire.

Timeline... Page 11

1972

1947

1967

1958

The first home video game systems are sold.

First coin-operated arcade video games are sold.

The first handheld calculator invented.

William Higinbotham invents the first video game.

Timeline... Page 11

2015

1977

Video games are quickly moving from systems to cloud-based apps.

The first handheld video games are sold.

Timeline...Page 11

Taxonomist are scientist who identify types of living things and classify them by how they are related. Classify: organize objects or events into categories based on specific characteristics.

Botanist investigate questions about plants. Use order to place objects or events one after another in a correct sequence.

Astronomer ask questions about how the universe works. use time/space relationship to investigate.

Meet Scientists...Page 12

TO DO: Classwork #1

Value 10%pages 14, 15, &16

Complete Sum it up & Brain Check

TO DO: Word searching

Vocabulary: Scientific Method Experiment Variable Control

Unit 1:Lesson #3: What are some types of investigations?

Chapter 1: How scientist work.

Lesson 3: What are types of investigations?

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Types of SCIENTISTS!

Chapter 1: How scientist work.

Lesson 3: What are types of investigations?

Control

Variable

Experiment

Scientific Methods

LESSON VOCABULARY

Plan an investigation

Start with a question

• Scientist observe the world and then ask questions that are based on observations. A good question is one that can be answered by investigation.

A PROCESS FOR SCIENCE Page 24

• Scientific methods are ways that scientists perform investigations.
• There are many ways that scientists investigate the world.
• All scientific methods use logic and reasoning.

Drawing Conclusion

Investigation Differ

• Experiment: It is an investigation in which all the conditions are controlled.

• Using Models: They are used to represent real objects or processes.

• Repeated observation: to study processes in nature without disturbing them.

A PROCESS FOR SCIENCE Page 25

Whatever scientific methods are used, sicientists will have results they can use to draw conclusions. The conclusions may answer the questions they asked before they began. They may point to other questions and many more ideas for investigations.

Explosive Observations....Page 26

• Some science questions can only be answered by making observations. This is because some things are just too big, too far away, or too uncontrolled for experiment.

• Prediction: it is the statement, based on information, about a future event.

Super Models...Page 28

• When modeling is needed: It is needed when scientist cannot experiment with the real thing. They are needed to understand systems that have may have hidden parts.

Super Models...Page 28

• Types of models: Models are made in different ways.
• Physical model
• Computer stimulation model
• Drawing diagrams and flow chart

How to Excel in ExperimentationPage 30

• Some questions can be answered by doing some experiments.

• Experiment: It is a procedure used to test a hypothesis.
• It's a good idea to make some observations before a hypothesis.

How to Excel in ExperimentationPage 31

• Hypothesize: It is a statement that can be tested and will explain what can happen in an investigation.

• Design an Experiment:
• Variable: is any condition in an experiment that can be changed.
• Control: is the setup to which you will compare all the others.

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What is a controlled experiment?

How to Excel in ExperimentationPage 32

Carry out the procedure: A procedure is the steps you follow in your experiment. Let's say you fill each of four identical cups with a different liquid. Pure water, Salt water, Water with sugar, Water with vinegar.

How to Excel in ExperimentationPage 32

Next, you put a thermometer in each cup. Then you place all four cups in a freezer. When all four are frozen, you take them out of the freezer and watch what happens. When the contents are half melted, you measure the temperatures of each liquid. That temperature is the melting point. Each time you will have more results, to consider. If the results are very similar, you will have more evidence to support your conclusions.

How to Excel in ExperimentationPage 33

Record and Analyze Data: You could write down your observations as sentences. Or you could make a table to fill in. Make sure you correctly. Check twice or have a team member check.

How to Excel in ExperimentationPage 33

Draw Conclusions and Evaluate the Hypothesis: You draw conclusions based on your results. Remember that all conclusions must be supported with evidence. Look at your hypothesis. Decide if the hypothesis is supported or not.

Special Delivery: Data DisplayPage 34

As part of their investigations, scientist collect, record, and interpret data. Ways to display data: Line graphs are good to show change over time. Circle graphs are good to compare to the whole. Diagrams are good to show data that don not include numbers.

TO DO: Classwork #2

pages 36, 37, & 38 Value 10%

Complete Sum it up & Brain Check

1.Models 2. Repeted observations 3 Drawconclusions 4. Geyser or whales 5. Computer simulation models. 6. Physical models

Sum it up

7. Design an experiment8. Record and analyze data 9. line graphs 10. Bar graphs 11. Diagrams

1.Scientific Models 2. Models 3. Control 4. Ask questions 5. Variable

Brain Check

7. D

Chapter 1: How scientist work.

Lesson 5: What are some science tools?

Accurate

Spring Scale

Balance

Miscrocopic

LESSON VOCABULARY

• Field scientist go on location to investigate the natural world. Their investigation are often in the form of repeated observations.
• They use tools to increase the power of their senses.

Field Trips Page 42

Collecting Net By carefully pulling the net through the water, they can catch small animals without harming them.

Hand lens: Hold the hand lens near your eye. Then move your other hand to bring the object into view.

Field Trips Page 43

Cameras Scientists may use underwatr video camera. Cameras help scientists record events.

Science tools can be heavy and expensive.

Into the lab Page 44

Use numbers Some tools help scientists count things. Some scientists estimate, while others perform complex mathematical calculations.

Into the lab Page 45

Types of miscrocope Light microscope magnifies things or make them bigger. Dropper is a tube with a rubber bulb on one end. Electron microscope can magnify objects up to one million times. Pipette is a tool like a dropper.

Measuring up.... Page 46

When you measure, you make observations involving numbers and units.Today most countries uses the Internation System (SI) units. The metric system is based on multiples of 10. Base units are divided into smaller units using prefixes such as -----milli, centi-, and deci---

Measure length

Measuring up Page 46

• Length is the distance between two points.
• The base metric unit is METER.
• Rulers, meterstick, and tape measures tools.

Measure Time

Measuring up... Page 47

• Time describes how long events take.
• The base unit of time is the second.
• The larger units are the minute, hour, and the day.

Measure Temperature

Measuring up Page 47

• Temperature describe how hot or cold something is.
• Thermometers are used to measure temperature.
• Degrees celsius
• Degrees Farenheit

Measure Temperature

Measuring up... Page 47

• Temperature describe how hot or cold something is.
• Thermometers are used to measure temperature.
• Degrees celsius
• Degrees Farenheit

Pan Balance

Measuring up... Page 48

• It is a tool used to measure mass.
• Mass is the amount of matter in an object
• The base unit of mass is the kilogram.
• One kilogram equals 1,000 grams.

Pan Balance

Page 49

• It is a tool used to measure force.
• Force is a push or pull.
• The base unit is called a Newton.

Pan Balance

Page 49

• It is a tool used to measure force.
• Force is a push or pull.
• The base unit is called a Newton.

Units of volume

More Measuring Page 50

• It is the amount of space a solid, liquid, or gas takes up.
• Two basic metric units for measuring volume.
• Cubic meter is one meter long, one meter high, and one meter wide.
• Liter is the base unit often used for measuring the volume of liquids.

Finding volume

More Measuring Page 51

• Find the volume of a rectangular prism by multiplying lenght times width times height.

Finding volume

More Measuring Page 51

• Find the volume of a liquid, use a measuring cup, beaker or graduated cylinder.

Finding volume

More Measuring Page 51

• Find the volume of an irregular solid.
• Put water in a graduated cylinder.
• Note the volume
• Then, drop the object in and note the new volume.
• Subtract the two numbers to find the volume of an object.

Accurate Measurements

More Measuring Page 51

• When a measurement is close to the true size, it is accurate.
• Make sure tool is not broken and know how to use it properly.

Accurate Measurements

More Measuring Page 51

• Follow these tips to improve your accuracy:
• Handle each tool properly
• Use each tool the same way ever time.
• Measure to the smallest place value the tool allows.
• Measure twice
• Record your measurment carefully, including the units.

TO DO: Classwork #2

pages 36, 37, & 38 Value 10%

Complete Sum it up & Brain Check

Do not eat materials from the LAB!

Classwork #2

Gummy Bears Experiment

Do not eat materials from the LAB!

Materials

Classwork #2: Gummy Bear Experiment

• Gummy Bears
• Cups
• Sugar
• Salt
• Baking Soda
• Water
• Spoons
• Measuring Cups
• Worksheets

Ask a question & Create a Hypothesis!

Classwork #2: Gummy Bear Experiment

• What are the effects of different substances on a gummy bear?

Create a Hypothesis!

Classwork #2: Gummy Bear Experiment

• The gummy bear left in plain water will sink, swell, stay the same.
• The gummy bear left in salt water will sink, swell, stay the same.
• The gummy bear left in sugar water will sink, swell, stay the same.
• The gummy bear left in baking soda will sink, swell, stay the same.

Procedure: Day #1

Classwork #2: Gummy Bear Experiment

1. Put labels on the cups: “Plain Water”, “Salt Water”, “Sugar Water”, and “Baking Soda”. 2. Add water to the cup: a. Plain Water: fill the cup with water in half. B. Salt water: fill the cup with water and add salt. C. Sugar water: fill the cup with water, and add sugar. D. Baking Soda: fill the cup with water and add baking soda. (Stir the substances with water) 3. Add one gummy bear to each cup. 4. Let the cups stay over night

Procedure: Day #2

Classwork #2: Gummy Bear Experiment

1. Carefully take the gummy bears out. 2. Measure the length of the gummy bears 3. Record you information

Procedure: Day #2

Classwork #2: Gummy Bear Experiment

Procedure: Day #2

Classwork #2: Gummy Bear Experiment

Procedure: Day #2

Classwork #2: Gummy Bear Experiment