EN_The secret of a personalised diet plan

The secret of apersonalised diet plan

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Introduction

Researchers have discovered the secret to developing personalised strategies to create the right diet for you.Do you want to be our ambassador?Overcome the 5 challenges, get a code in each of them and complete the adventure to become the new ambassador of #AnnualFoodAgenda.

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Introduction

Missions

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Mission 1

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Mission 2

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Mission 3

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Mission 4

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Mission 5

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Each one of us is unique.The reason for this lies in our genes, our DNA. Humans share almost all of our genetic material, but a small part of it is different. This determines our physical characteristics (phenotype) such as height, hair colour or eye colour, but it also gives us information about the possible risk of developing diseases such as obesity or cancer.

Mission 1

Introduction

Missions

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If we look at obestity, we must take into account many factors that influence its development and that are related to our lifestyle, such as eating too many calories in our diet or the amount of physical exercise, but that alone is not enough since some people are prone to gain weight, while others can eat as much as they want without any change in their weight.Precision nutrition takes into account the characteristics of each person when recommending the best diets to ensure optimal health and prevent or treat possible problems.

Mission 1

Introduction

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Find out if these statements are true or false

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Misión 1 La Genómica Nutricional estudia la relación entre el genoma humano, la nutrición y la salud para comprender cómo los alimentos que ingerimos interaccionan con nuestro genoma, ya sea directa o indirectamente, regulando la expresión de nuestros genes.

Pista La Nutrigenética estudia cómo cada persona responde a los diferentes nutrientes en función de su perfil genético individual e investiga las variantes genéticas (polimorfismos) asociadas a enfermedades relacionadas con la nutrición.

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Genes are made up of 3 nucleotides: adenine, guanine, citosine, timine.

Precision nutrition takes into account every person's characteristics when recommendign diets to guarantee an optimal health or treat certain problems.

Humans share almost all of our genetic material, but a small part of it is different. This determines our physical characteristics (phenotype) such as height, hair colour or eye colour, bu it also gives us information about the possible risck of developing diseases such as obesity or cancer.

01. The research into how food interacts with our genes is called nutritional genomics.

02. Personalised nutrition helps us know the most suitable nutritional recommendations for each person.

03. Genes contain the instructions for building proteins. These instructions are sequences made up of 4 nucleotides: north, south, east and west.

04. Some people are more likely to put on weight than others, even if they eat the same foods.

05. Variations in the instructions of our genes do not influence wheter we have a greater or lesser risk of developing diseases or responding differently to the foods we eat.

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Introduction

Missions

Code

Our diet interacts with our genes, modifying our genetic predisposition and tendency to suffer from diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases or cancer.Nutritional genomics studies the relationship between the human genome, nutrition and health to understand how the food we eat interacts with our genome, either directly or indirectly, regulating the expression of our genes.Genetic variations between individuals can influence the way we metabolise food.

Mission 2

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Introducción

Misiones

Código

Nutrigenetics studies how each person responds to different nutrients according to their individual genetic profile and investigates genetic variants (polymorphisms) associated with nutrition-related diseases.Nutrigenomics studies how the nutrients contained in the food we eat can affect our genetic expression. Its aim is to identify specific nutrients associated with diseases.

Mission 2

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Look at the picture and find the answers to 5 questions

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Option B

01. Which option should this person base his/her diet on?

Option A

None

A person has a mutation in one of his/her genes that makes him/her susceptible to developing obesity. To prevent developing this disorder, you should avoid foods high in saturated fats.

Precision nutrition

Both

Option A

02. What diet would you recommend to a person with lactose intolerance?

Option B

Option B with some exception such as plant-based yoghurts or none at all

Did you know that lactose intolerance is determined in the genes?Lactase is an enzyme that breaks down the lactose in milk into glucose and galactose so that it can be absorbed by the body.

Precision nutrition

Both

Option A

Option B

There is an alteration in a gene that causes the protein responsible for metabolising folic acid in our body to have reduced activity. Folic acid is an essential vitamin for our body.A good intake of folic acid is essential during pregnancy to avoid malformations. Folic acid is found in green leafy vegetables, fruits legumes, cereals and nuts.

Precision nutrition

03. Which of the options in the image should we NOT follow if we know we have problems metabolising folic acid?

Option A

04. Which of the two options could we associate with the Mediterranean diet?

Option B

None

There is a polymorphism in our genes that makes us prone to diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.One option to avoid this is to follow a Mediterranean diet, rich in plant-based foods, cereals vegetables, fruit, olive oil, pulses and fish, with little red meat but white meat.

Precision nutrition

Option A

05. Which of the two options presents foods containing gluten?

Option B

None

According to a UPV/EHU study, 40% of the population is a carrier of the main risk factor for coeliac disease, but only 1% suffer from it. There is a gene that influences the development of the disease.Coeliac disease is a chronic, inmune-based disease that manifests itself as an intolerance to gluten proteins found in wheat, rye, barley and their derivatives such as flour, bread and pasta.

Precision nutrition

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Missions

Code

Introduction

Sort nutritionally the following food according to the selected criteria.

Mission 3

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If you are predisposed to developing diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, rank foods from most recommended to least recommended that are low in saturated fats. Remember that products high in simple sugars and saturated fats are to be avoided.

Mission 3

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SOLUTION

From most to least recommendable, low in simple sugars and saturated fats 1. Fruits and vegetables 2. Cereals 3. Non-fat white meat 4. Red meat 5. Ultra-processed foods

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Fruit and vegetables

Ultra-processed foods

Red meat

Non-fat white meat

Cereals

Recuerda que lo que hay que evitar es consumir productos con alto contenido en azúcares simples y grasas saturadas.

Si necesitas una pista, espera 20 segundos y colócate sobre la palabra solución.

If we cannot metabolise folic acid properly, which can cause dementia, cardiovascular disease or some cancers, sort out folate-rich foods and pay attention to the resulting order of the letters:

Mission 3

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SOLUTION

From most to least recommendable, low in simple sugars and saturated fats: 1. Green leafy vegetables 2. Legumes and cereals 3. Nuts 4. Meat 5. Ice-cream

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Recuerda que el ácido fólico se encuentra en verduras hoja verde, frutas, legumbres, cereales y frutos secos.

El ácido fólico se encuentra en verduras hoja verde, frutas, legumbres, cereales y frutos secos. Si necesitas una pista, espera 20 segundos y colócate sobre la palabra solución.

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Introduction

Missions

Code

If you want to become an #AnnualFoodAgenda ambassador, you must find and know the following concepts that have appeared in the game in the following word search:

Mission 4

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Discover the definitions on the map

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Healthy eating: Healthy eating is about eating a varied and balanced diet to get the nutrients we need to stay healthy and physically active. These nutrients include protein, carbohydrates, fats, water, vitamins and minerals

Personalized diet: This is a diet in which we include advice and dietary guidelines drawn up taking into account specific parameters for each person. In short, a tailor-made diet.

Genetics: This is a field of biology that studies genes and the mechanisms that regulate the transmission of hereditary traits.

Precision nutrition: It takes into account the characteristics of each person when recommending the best diets to guarantee an optimum state of health and prevent or treat possible problems.

Nutrients: These are chemical compounds contained in food that provide cells with everything they need to live. There are 6 types of nutrients: Glucides or Carbohydrates, Lipids or Fats, Proteins, Vitamins, Water and Mineral salts. Each one serves a different function, providing the necessary elements for our cells.

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Word search

Look up the definitions from the previous screen.Use the pencil tool to point to the correct words.

Solution

Tip Find: Healthy nutrition Personalized diet Genetics Precision nutrition Nutrients

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Carbohydrates: Also called glucides, these are the sugars, starches and fibres found in a wide variety of foods such as fruit, grains, vegetables and dairy products.

Proteins: Proteins are made up of many building blocks, known as amino acids. Our body needs protein in the diet to supply amino acids for the growth and maintenance of our cells and tissues.

Fats: Fats are a very heterogeneous group of compounds whose common characteristic is that they are insoluble in water. The most important from a dietary and nutritional point of view are triglycerides, phospholipids and cholesterol.

Vitamins: These are essential compounds for life, since, when ingested in a balanced way and in essential doses, they contribute to the correct functioning of our organism.

Minerals: Mineral salts are responsible for the formation of the tissues of the human body, hormone regulation and also serve as regulators of multiple organic functions.

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Word search

Look up the definitions from the previous screen.Use the pencil tool to point to the correct words.

Solution

Tip Find: Carbohydrates Proteins Fats Vitamins Minerals

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Mission 5

Introduction

Missions

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Mission 5

Our DNA sequence does not change throughout our lives.External stimuli, such as our diet, have the ability to modify our genetic programming through what are called epigenetic mechanisms that "switch on or off" our genes.These changes can be temporary or reversible when we modify our habits or environment, but they can also be transmitted from generation to generation.

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DRAG THE ELEMENTS TO THEIR SET

SOLUTION

Tips for a sustainable and balanced diet: Eat a variety of foods. Avoid "throwaway" products. Try to buy seasonal foods. Avoid food waste. Eat fewer processed products. Exercise. Hydrate well by drinking water. Reduce the intake of red meat. Tips for an unsustainable and unbalanced diet: Eat the foods you like all year round. Use plastic bags for shopping. Eat sweets and sugary drinks on a regular basis. Drive for short distances. Live a sedentary life. Eat inadequate proportions of food. Eat 1 or 2 meals a day. Overcook food.

Avoid "throwaway" products

Base our diet on fruit, vegetables and leafy vegetables

Drive for short distances

Live a sedentary life

Eat sweets and sugary drinks on a regular basis

Overcook food

Exercise

Use plastic bags for shopping

Eat the foods you like all year round

Eat a variety of foods

Avoid food waste

Reduce the intake of red meat

SUSTAIABLE AND HEALTHY DIET

UNSUSTAINABLE AND UNBALANCED DIET

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