GEOGRAPHY

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GEOGRAPHY

The underlining of the tabs

6 The primary sector (Notebook)6.1 Agricultural sector 6.2 Agricultural landscapes

8 What do you work on and what is produced in Andalusia? 8.1 Is the Andalusian primary sector important? 8.2 What agrarian landscapes are distinguished in Andalusia?

9 Environment and society 9.4 Sustainable development and waste management9.5 Problems of humanized landscapes in Spain.

TOPICS WE ARE GOING TO explain

Farming the countryside in Andalusia has been able to take advantage of its resources and agriculture has acquired great economic value. Some aspects that characterize Andalusian agriculture are: - Modernization of the field - Diversity of products- Great offer of quality productions

AGRICULTURE

In Andalusia, the activities of the primary sector have always been those with the greatest tradition and development.From the last half of the 20th century industrial activity and services acquired a greater role in the economy as a whole which remains today

Is the Andalusian primary sector important?

8.1

Extensive livestock :

Abundant in places less suitable for agriculture. Livestock feed on natural or cultivated mountain pastures.

Livestock: there are two types:

Extensive livestock :

Abundant in places less suitable for agriculture. Livestock feed on natural or cultivated mountain pastures.

Livestock: there are two types:

Intensive livestock:

It is practiced in a stable way and is oriented to the production of meat milk and eggs to supply raw materials to the food industry and cosumed of the population.

click on the animated fish

Fishing there are two types:

Inshore fishing: carried out on the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts. The main catches are shellfish, sardines and squid.

Deep-sea fishing: it is carried out of the African coast of the Sahara and crustaceans, sardines and anchovies are caught there.

Fishing there are two types:

Sierra Morena: Swine and bovine sheep farming abound. Beticas mountain ranges: The cultivation of the olive grove and the almond tree stand out Mountain areas have great potential to develop rural tourism.

Due to the characteristics of the units of the relief it is very contrasted. Among the livestock activities, sheep and goats stand out.

Tropical crop production abounds. Intensive irrigated agriculture is practiced on the coastline with all kinds of vegetables and fruits.

The plains are favorable spaces for the development of agriculture.

Highlander:

Intrabetic depression:

Coast:

Guadalquivir depression :

8.2 What agrarian landscapes are distinguished in Andalusia?

Irrigated rice

Extensive dryland farming

Stash-and-bum

Subsistence farming: it provides farmies and local market with basic food requirements. There are 3 subtypes:

Types of arable farming:

Agriculture: includes the economic activities relating to the treatment of soil and cultivation of land for food production. Arable farming is influenced by some factors such as geographic factors, population, agricultural policies or farming techniques.These activities have a big impact on the enviroment.

Commercial farming: it provides high yields due to the high levels of technology it employs. There are 2 subtypes: Extensive cereal farming Plantation agriculture

6.1 Agricultural sector

b) Shape of the plots - Regular: have a geometric shape. Irregular: don´t have a geometric shape.

a) Size of the plats ( 1ha= 10.000km2) - Smallholding: < 1ha - Large estate > 10ha

Agricultural landscapes are natural areas that have been modified by humans to obtain products from nature. There are many factors that define an agricultural landscapes

c) Border of the plots - Open fields: made up of irregular plots without physical bourderes . It can be separated by cropt types. These are partialory common in central Europe. - Bocage: or enclosed which are irregular plot separated by walls, hedges or lines of tipes.

6.2 Agricultural landscapes

e) Crop diversity - Monocultive: farmers grow a single crop. It´s typical in medium holdings and large states. - Polycultive: the land is divided up into small graps and formers grow a variety of crops. It´s tropical in small holding such as vegetable garden.

d) Types of settlement - Concentrated rural settlement: houses are grouped together and the inhabitants have access to numerous services to meet their needs. - Scattered rural settlement: houses are isolated.

g) Land use -Intensive agriculture: is characterised by maxium productivity reduced use of land area and large investment on fertilisers, seads with specific characteristics. - Extensive agriculture: uses big plots of land to produce large amounts of one product of the lowest (nsqpome) possible.

f) Irrigation system - Rainfed farming: fields dont received artificial irrigation and they only needs rain. - Irrigated farming: part of the water is brought to fields by artificial means.

We are also generating increasing amounts of waste s in this situation is not sustainable. We must raise avareners of the cukture of the 3RS

We are currently producing more and more products and our society is becoming increasingly consumerist

9.4.1 Waste management

Sustainable development means meeting the basic needs of the present population without damaging the environment of the future.Nature resources are limited and we have to use them in a rational way and avoid their overexploration.

9.4 Sustainable development and waste management

(Papers)

It is being used to control diabetes, osteoporosis, obesity, hypertension and heart problems.Some properties:- It favors the good condition of the skin.- It is ideal in slimming diets.

It is native to the coasts of the eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East where Greece Turkey or Syria are currently found. Saxons and celts were the firts to cultivate them in Northern Europe.In Spain , broccoli cultivation on a large scale dated back to the early 1970s later it spread to other Spanish regions sucha as Murcia and Navarra.

Broccoli

It is an anual plant that apparently has its origins is southern Europe and spread to the rest of the continent during Roman times. It was consumed 200 years ago and was also used as a medicinal plant in Egypt, Rome and other places.Today it is consumed all over the world and is the most widespread leaf sale on the planet.

LETTUCE

It is life cycle ranges from to 90 days. Some benefits :-Take care of our heart.- Helps regulate blood sugar levels.- Favors sleep.

Halfway between cauliflower and cabbage, this vegetable is as beautiful as it is unknown in Spain, although it is of Italian origin.Nowadays Spain cultivates 30% of the total crop in Europe.It has a pyramidal shape and a lime green color, it has a slightly sweeter taste than cauliflower.It is a food with many benefits, it benefits the kidneys due to its slightly dural and purifying effect.

Benefit: it helps to fight some diseases despite its strong smell and taste.

It has a very characteristic taste and smell, being one of the most cultivated vegetables in the world.The origing of the onion is located in Central Asia and the Mediterranean. It is one of the oldest consumer vegetables.The mayority component is water, (it can reach 90%)

Onion

Romanesque

Broad beans: they are a green legume fruit of an annual herbaceous plant.They are climbing plants very rich for health.The origin of this legume dates back to the Neolithic.It is a vegetable that allows the soil to be fixed between crops that it recouers and fixes the nittrogen in the soil.Nutritionalistics: one bean has many properties such as vitamins and impactant minerals.They are a perfect food for weight thinning and maintenance diets.

Nutritional characteristics:It is very rich in mineral salts, sulfur and vitamins. It also has many medicinal properties such as:-Antibiotic-Heartbhealthy-Anticancer

It´s known by the name of garlic, garlies or white garlic, althrough its scientific name is Allium Satium.It comes from central and southern Asia from where the Mediterranean area spread and from there to the rest of the world, where it has been cultivated from thousands of years.

Garlic

spinach

Green peas

It´s a food very appreciated by children. It´s diffusion and use reaches world levels. It´s main beneficial qualities for health on cardiovascular problems.They can be found at any time of the year.Nutritional characteristics:Helps: Heart conditions Diabetes Pregnancy and lactation Nervous system disorder

They are consumed in various ways around the world. It´s a food rich in vitamins and minerals. It was introduced in Europe around the year 1000 from Asia regions but it didn´t begin to spread until the 18th century.Nutritional characteristics:Some beneficial effects on spinach for health is that it helps to improve:-The vision-The pregnancy-The growth

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Why is it urgent that we preach sustainable agriculture?In 2050 will reach the figure of 9.7 billion people, so farmers will have to produce more food. But if we continue with conventional farming methods that degrade the land, we most stop mistreating the land and we have to start practicing sustainable agriculture

What is it?Sustainable agriculture is one that, in the long term, countributes to improving enviromental quality and the basic resources on which agriculture depends. Satisfies the basic needs of fuber and human food. Is economically vable amd improves the quality of life of the producer and society as a whole.

Sustainable AGRICULTURE

In short, all this means that they want development to be economically eficient, ecologically sustainable and suaally equitable.

t is based on 3 fundamental pillars: Economic sustainability Enviromental sustainability Social sustainability

What is it? Sustanable development in today a must. The former Prime Minister of Norway says that this is about exptocting the planets resources in moderation, whothout exceeding it´s capacity for natural renewal.

Represents the represent the transsition from today´s society to a more environmentally friendly society.

Sustainable development

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Thank you for your attention!!