Mennonite Migration
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Created on May 28, 2021
Have fun interactively learning about when, where, and why the Mennonites migrated across continents.
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Transcript
Mennonite Migration
What does migration mean?
migrate: to move from one country, place, or locality to another
Why did the Mennonites move so often?
During the Reformation of the 16th century, Anabaptists migrated mostly in search of religious freedom and to escape persecution for their beliefs. Later, they also migrated for other reasons too, like gaining more land or joining family. War, violence, the threat of military participation, and the desire for religious freedom were also major factors in Mennonites seeking new homelands.
Who are Mennonites?
Another name for Mennonites is 'Anabaptists.' Anabaptists originally came from Europe. They regarded adult baptism, separation of church and state, nonresistance, not swearing oaths, and equality of all believers as important to their lifestyle.
España
Pause for a few minutes on the next slide to familiarize yourself with the countries and years labeled there.Then have fun seeing how much you remember!
Manitoba
1874
1924-1948
1690
1930-1947
1525
1530
1788
1925
1925
1786
Ontario
Pennsylvania
Nebraska
Mexico
Paraguay
Switzerland
Netherlands
Poland
Ukraine
Migration of the Mennonites
Switzerland 1525
Correct! Switzerland was the birthplace of Anabaptists (Geiser). A man called Conrad Grebel was an important founder of the movement. In 1525, in a house in Zurich, Switzerland, he performed the first adult baptism. (Bender and Harder).
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Migration of the Mennonites
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Netherlands 1525
Correct! Compared to other countries at this time, the Mennonites were allowed to develop in peace and practice their faith openly in the Netherlands. This freedom lasted less than 10 years (Zijpp and Brusewitz).
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Migration of the Mennonites
Poland 1530
Correct! In Poland, the Mennonites experienced both privilege and persecution. However, they were generally tolerated because estate owners and officials could benefit from their farming abilities (Krahn and Myovich).
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Migration of the Mennonites
Pennsylvania 1690
Correct! Pennsylvania encouraged Mennonites to come settle the land by offering absolute tolerance and respect for their religion. Even today there is a large community of Mennonites there (Smith).
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Migration of the Mennonites
Ukraine 1788
Correct! The Mennonites settled in Ukraine and helped make it the breadbasket of Europe. The first migration from New Russia (today Ukraine) to North America started in 1874 because Russia threatened to remove full military exemption for Mennonites. This caused about 17,000 Mennonites to migrate. The second major migration from Russia to Canada took place between 1923 and 1930. In the violent aftermath of the Russian Revolution over 23,000 Mennonites sought safety in new homes in Canada (krahn).
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Migration of the Mennonites
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Ontario 1874, 1924-1948
Correct! Ontario Mennonites first arrived from Ukraine around the year 1874. Aside from religious freedom, a major draw to North America was the availability of land for farming (Bender and Hostetler).
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Migration of the Mennonites
Manitoba, 1874, 1924-1948
Correct! The prairies offered room for groups of Mennonites to settle and grow while protecting their traditions. The Mennonites believed the assurances of religious freedom, military exemption, and self-governance offered by Canada would be upheld for a long time. Russians came in 1923-1930 and refugees from the Second World War arrived in the late 1940s. (Krahn and Ens).
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Migration of the Mennonites
Nebraska 1874, 1924-1948
Correct! Many Mennonites arrived in Nebraska from Russia in the 1870s. Their population grew quickly and they continue to flourish today (Millar and Troyer).
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Migration of the Mennonites
Mexico 1925
Correct! Mennonites who settled in Mexico in the 1920s came from Canada in search of the religious freedom they desired. When Mennonites had arrived in Canada they were allowed to run their own private schools. But in 1916, Manitoba introduced a new amendment that took away rights of religious and language minorities. Because of this, many Mennonites left for Mexico. However, they faced many struggles in Mexico too and some to returned to Canada. Mennonites often traveled back and forth between Mexico and Canada in search of better economic and social opportunities. This migration between the two countries continues today.
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Migration of the Mennonites
Paraguay 1925, 1930-1947
Correct! There were two significant groups of Mennonites that migrated to Paraguay. In the 1920s, the main Mennonite groups that arrived in Paraguay came from Canada and were looking for religious freedom. The other large group of Mennonites to settle in Paraguay came in the 1940s. They arrived as part of a plan to create colonies for Mennonite refugees who had fled the Soviet Union during the Second World War. They arrived in Paraguay because there were very few countries who would take them and they wanted to start new lives after their horrific experiences in Europe during the war.
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WELL DONE!
Works Cited
Geiser, Samuel. "Switzerland." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. February 2011. Web. 31 May 2021. https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Switzerland&oldid=171170
Bender, Harold S. and Beulah Stauffer Hostetler. "Mennonite Church (MC)." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. January 2013. Web. 3 Jun 2021. https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Mennonite_Church_(MC)&oldid=169700
Bender, Harold S. and Leland D. Harder. "Grebel, Conrad (ca. 1498-1526)." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. 1989. Web. 10 Jun 2021. https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Grebel,_Conrad_(ca._1498-1526)&oldid=164020
Krahn, Cornelius. "Ukraine." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. 1959. Web. 31 May 2021. https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Ukraine&oldid=171240
Krahn, Cornelius and Adolf Ens. "Manitoba (Canada)." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. 1989. Web. 3 Jun 2021. https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Manitoba_(Canada)&oldid=170078
Krahn, Cornelius and Sam Myovich. "Poland." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. 1989. Web. 31 May 2021. https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Poland&oldid=146035
Works Cited cont.
Smith, C. Henry. "Pennsylvania (USA)." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. 1959. Web. 31 May 2021. https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Pennsylvania_(USA)&oldid=167582
Miller, D. Paul and Ivan E. Troyer. "Nebraska (USA)." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. 1990. Web. 4 Jun 2021. https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Nebraska_(USA)&oldid=145923
Zijpp, Nanne van der and C. F. Brüsewitz. "Netherlands." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. February 2011. Web. 31 May 2021. https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Netherlands&oldid=171109