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Laboratory 3
Functional Group Identification
Matter and Sustainability EM21
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Start

Laboratory 3Functional Group Identification

Matter and Sustainability EM21

Welcome back! We are so glad to see you around here again

We need your help with some experiments to test organic functional groups

In this lab, you will study how to identify a functional group in a molecule. To do this, you will carry out 4 different tests:

  • Baeyer's test
  • Alcoxide formation
  • Tollens' test
  • Neutralization
After this, you will apply the same tests to a household chemical and according to your results, you will deduce the functional group(s) present.

Objective

Read the instructions carefully

Instructions

  1. Download the document in Canvas "Laboratory 3 Functional group identification" and read it carefully.
  2. Browse this interactive lab and make the 5 tests of this experiment.
  3. Record your results in the tables and answer the questions in the document.
  4. Convert the document to a PDF and submit your work in Canvas.

Open your notebook to consult the functional groups

Matter &Sustainability

FuntionalGroups

Info

Ketones and aldehydes

Alcohol

A silver mirror is formed on the walls of the test tube

A gas is released in a vigorous reaction

A red-brownish solid appears

Changes observed when possitive

Functional G

TEST

Formation of bubbles (a gas is produced)

Alkenes

Take a screenshot and paste it in your worksheet

Drag the box to the correct place

Carboxylic acid

Neutralization

Alkoxide formation

Complete the following table with the correct information

Tollens' test

Baeyer's test

Previous knowledge

Alcohol

Ketones

Alkenes

Aldehydes

Alkoxide formation

Neutralization

Baeyer's test

Carboxylic acid

Tollens' test

Molecule

Functional G

TEST

Take a screenshot and paste it in your worksheet

Drag the box to match the molecule and the functional group with the correct identification test.

Previous knowledge

What image shows a positive result in the identification of an Aldehyde or Ketone using the Tollens reagent?

Test your knowledge

Next

Yes!, the formation of a silver mirror is a positive result of the Tollen's test

Test your knowledge

Sorry :(A transparent color is not a positive result of the Tollens' test

Test your knowledge

Return

What image shows a positive result in the identification of a carboxylic acid in a neutralization test using sodium bicorbonate?

Test your knowledge

Next

Yes!, the formation of bubbles (gas release) is a positive result of the neutralization test

Test your knowledge

Sorry :(A transparent color is not a possitive result of a neutralization test

Test your knowledge

Return

What image shows a positive result in the identification of an Alkene using the Bayer's reagent?

Test your knowledge

Next

Yes!, the formation of brownish precipitate is a positive result in the Baeyer's test

Test your knowledge

Sorry :(A purple color is not a positive result of the Baeyer's test

Test your knowledge

Return

What image shows a positive result in the identification of an alcohol using sodium to form an alcoxide?

Test your knowledge

Next

Yes!, the formation of bubbles (gas release) is a positive result to identify an alcohol using sodium.

Test your knowledge

Sorry :(A transparent color is not a positive result to identify an alcohol!

Test your knowledge

Return

Now, you will beging with the experimental part. Remember you will carry out 4 tests to identify functional groups in known subtances

Hexene

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1. Add ten drops of hexene to a test tube.2. Then, put three drops of Baeyer’s reagent into the test tube containing the hexene.Observe the changes in the test tube and register your results in your worksheet.

Baeyer's reagent

First test: The Baeyer's Test

Tollen's reagent

Acetone

1. Pour 100 mL of tap water into a 250 mL beaker, place the beaker on the hot plate and heat until water starts boiling.2. Put 1 mL of acetone in the test tube and and place the tube into the beaker with the hot water, for about 2-3 minutes. 3. Add three drops of Tollens’ reagent to the tube.Register the results in your worksheet.

Second test: The Tollens' Test

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Tap water

Ethanol

1. Into a DRY test tube put 1 mL (about 20 drops) of ethanol. 2. Put a little piece of metallic sodium.Observe and register the results in your worksheet.

Third test: Alkoxide formation

Metalic sodium

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Acetic acid

Sodium bicarbonate solution

1. Put 1 mL (about 20 drops) of acetic acid into a test tube. 2. Add 5 drops of a solution of sodium bicarbonate, stir vigorously and register all changes Observe and register the results in your worksheet.

Fourth test: Neutralization

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To finish this lab, you will carry out the last 4 tests to a unknown sample to find out what functional groups are present

Tollen's reagent

Sodium bicarbonate solution

Fifth test: Unknown sample

According to the results, you have to deduce the functional groups present in the household chemical (unknown sample)

this is the unkown sample

Metalic sodium

Baeyer's reagent

Put the mouse over each test tube to see the changes after adding the different reagents

Do not forget to complete the document and submit it to Canvas

Congratulations! You finished this laboratory activity