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Transcript

Conditional sentendes

activities

video

speaking

Let's practise

mix cond. chart

mixed cond.

Cond. Chart

Main features

What are cond. sentences

Índice

Sometimes we call them 'if clauses'. They describe the result of something that might happen (in the present or future) or might have happened but didn't (in the past) . They are made using different English verb tenses.

What are conditional sentences

Main features

1. They are exchangeable2. If conditional clause is in 1st. Place it’s followed by a comma.3. UNLESS used instead of IF NOT. ( A no ser)i.e. We’ll go to her office if she doesn’t come soon.We’ll go to her office UNLESS she comes soon.4. Other expressions followed by Present which mean future. Time clausesAfter, before, as long as, as soon as, when, by the time.Formal English we use Were with every person.Not so formal we use the verb to be in its normal way except for I. If I were you

Would/ could/ might have + past participle You would have enjoyed it. You would have travelled by horse. I would have helped him

Would could might + infinitive I would have to move to Bristol I would buy a new house

Future s./ May / Might (must, can, be going to) Imperative We will miss the show We won’t pass the exams Call a taxi.

Present simple She cries. it boils. he always gave us some.

RESULT

If/+ Past Perfect (cont. tenses) If you had seen the film If you had been born in the 19th century If he had call me,

IF / + Past s (continuous tenses) If I got the job, If I were rich,

IF / Unless + present s. /cont If we stay home tomorrow Unless we study If you are late,

If + present If the baby is thristy, If water reaches 100º C, If my uncle caught fish,

CONDITION

3rd CONDITIONAL Talks about past. Will never happen. Imaginary situations, contrary to the facts. Ex. He didn’t call me. I never helped him

2nd. CONTITIONAL Talks abut present or future Hypothetic (in present) less probable situations

1st. CONDITIONAL Talks about future Possible/probable situations

0 CONDITIONAL or factual cond. Talks about general truths Also in the past

+info

MIXTED CONDITIONALS

What are mixed conditional?A mixed conditional gives a situation and result – but one is in the past, and the other is in the present. We use the 2nd. and 3rd. Conditionals.For example:If we had taken the car, we wouldn’t be lateWe didn’t take the car We are late now (present) (unreal past sit) (3rd.) (2nd.)If he didn’t have to work today, he wouldn’t have been so miserable yesterdayHe does have to work today he was miserable yesterday.(hypothetical present) (2nd.) (in the past(3rd.)

HAPPY (NOW)

COMPLEMENTS

THE MATCH

COMPLEMENT

WOULD BE

PRESENT CONDITIONAL

WOULD HAVE WON

PERFECT CONDITIONAL

HE

SUBJECT

2nd. CONDITIONAL STRUCTURE

HE

SUBJECT

3rd. CONDITIONAL STRUCTURE

HAD PASSED THE TEST,

PAST PERFECT

WERE SO GOOD,

PAST SIMPLE,

HE

SUBJECT

HE

SUBJECT

IF

IF

3rd. CONDITIONAL STRUCTURE

IF

IF

2nd. CONDITIONAL STRUCTURE

Mixed conditionals

Let’s practice

Mixed cond.

1. I don’t know how to ski, so I didn’t go skiing with Simon last week.If I……… how to ski, I …………….. Skiing with Simon last week.2. I forgot to bring my umbrella, - that’s why I’m so wet.If I ………… to bring my umbrella, I …………..so wet now.3. I am really worried about about tomorrow’s exam, that’s why I didn’t go to the party lastIf I …………………………….. about tomorrow’s exam, I………. to the party last night.

How would the world be different if the internet had never been invented?How do you think your life would be different (today) if you had been born in Africa?

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