PROCESS IN PHYSICAL DESIGN
6. CONTROL DESIGN
WRITTEN BY : MUHAMMAD AIMAN SYAKIR BIN ZULKIFLI
AC0107209
AISB233: CHAPTER 5
Accountants must understand the entire systems development process, because they are involved in several ways:
1.Helping to specify their needs. 2.As members of the development team. 3.As auditors after the fact.
Accountants also help keep the project on track by:
1. Evaluating and measuring benefits. 2. Measuring costs. 3. Ensuring the project stays on schedule.
Accountants must recognize control implications of each alternative design and ensure that accounting conventions and legal requirements are understood.
Though accountants need not be programmers, they should understand how software is created
The accountant may be consulted to provide advice or determine if the proposed system constitutes an internal control risk
8. ACCOUNTANT ROLE IN SYSTEM DESIGN
At the end of the physical design phase, a physical systems design report is prepared, summarizing what was accomplished.
This report serves as the basis for management’s decision whether to proceed to implementation.
7. PHYSICAL SYSTEM DESIGN REPORT
Important control concerns that must be addressed include:
1. Validity 2. Authorization 3. Accuracy 4. Security 5. Numerical control 6. Availability 7. Maintainability 8.Integrity 9. Audit trail
Improperly controlled input, processing, and database functions produce information of questionable value.
Controls must be built into an AIS to ensure its effectiveness, efficiency, and accuracy. These controls should: 1. Minimize errors. 2. Detect and correct errors when they do occur.
6. CONTROL DESIGN
INDIVIDUAL WHO INTERACT WITH A NEWLY-DESIGNED AIS NEED PROCEDURES TO COVER
5. procedures Design
To improve software quality, organizations should develop programming standards (rules for writing program)
Contributes to consistency among programs and make them easier to read and maintain & Consider doing structured program walk-throughs to find incorrect logic, erors, omissions or other problems.
PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT IS ONE OF THE MOST TIME CONSUMING ACTIVITIES IN SDLC
A STRUCTURED PROGRAMMING PROCESS SHOULD BE FOLLOWED: WITH STRUCTURED PROGRAMMING, PROGRAMS SHOULD BE SUBDIVIDED INTO SMALL, WELL-DEFINED MODULES TO REDUCE COMPLEXITY AND ENHANCE REABILITY AND MODIFIALBILITY
4. program design
- CONSIDERATION IN INPUT DESIGN INCLUDE:
1. Input Medium, 2. Input Score, 3. Input Format, 4. Input Type, 5. Volume, 6. Personnel, 7. Frequency, 8. Cost, and 9. Eror Detection and Correction.
SYSTEMS DESIGNSRES MUST IDENTIFY THE DIFFERENT TYPER OF DATA INPUT AND OPTIMAL INPUT METHODS: 1. FORMS AND COMPUTER SCREEN
3. input design
Important file and database design consideration include: 1.Storage medium, 2.Processing mode, 3.Maintanence, 4.Size, and 5.Activity level.
VARIOUS COMPANY SEGMENTS NEED TO STORE DATA IN COMPATIBLE FORMATS SO THAT DATA CAN BE SHARED ACROSS UNITS
2. FILE AND DATABASE DESIGN.
TO DETERMINE THE NATURE, FORMAT, CONTENT, AND TIMING OF PRINTED REPORTS, DOCUMENTS AND SCREEN DISPLAY
1. OUTPUT DESIGN
1. Important design considerations include:
Use of the output, Output medium, Output format, Pre-printed, Location, Access, Detail,and Timeliness.
2. Outputs usually fit into one of the following four categories:
Scheduled reports, Special-purpose analysis reports, Triggered exception reports, Demand reports
- THE PROCESS IN PHYSICAL DESIGN
1. OUTPUT DESIGN
2. FILE AND DB DESIGN
3. INPUT DESIGN
4. PROGRAM DESIGN
5. PROCEDURES DESIGN
6. CONTROLS DESIGN
- INPUT PREPARATION, TRANSACTION PROCESSING, EROR DETEDTION AND CORRECTION, CONTROLS, RECONCILIATION OF BALANCES, DATABASE ACCESS, OUTPUT PREPARATION AND DISTRIBUTION AND COMPUTER OPERATOR INSTRUCTION
- PROCEDURES MAY TAKE FORM OF :
- SYSTEM MANUALS
- USER INSTRUCTION CLASSES
- TRAINING MATERIALS
- ONLINE HELP SCREEN
5. PROCEDURS
DESIGN
4.PROGRAM DESIGN
3.INPUT DESIGN
2. FILE AND DATABASE DESIGN
1. OUTPUT DESIGN
AISB233 TOPIC 5: PHYSICAL DESIGN
