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CORE SECTION 2
DESIGN PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES
Basic guide to create an awesome presentation
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CORE SECTION 2

DESIGN PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES

Basic guide to create an awesome presentation

OBJECTIVES

  1. Students will state in their own words what Grapgic Design is.
  2. Students will distinguish between the Elements and Principles of Design.
  3. List and Describe atleast five Elements of Design.
  4. List and Provide an explanation for atleast six Principles of Design.

What is Graphic Design?

Graphic Design is the art and practice of planning and projecting ideas and experiences with visual and textual content. (American Institute of Graphic Arts)

The elements of design are the parts that define the visual, the tools and components that a person use to create a composition.

Principles of design on the other hand, are all about how a person uses the elements to create a visual and convey a message.

the SEVEN BASIC ELEMENTS OF DESIGN are:

  • LINE
  • SHAPE
  • COLOR
  • VALUE
  • TEXTURE
  • SPACE
  • FORM

ELEMENTS OF design explained

  • LINE: A mark made by a pointed tool such as a brush, pen or stick; a moving point. Lines can be horizontal, vertical,diagonal, straight, curve, dotted,broken, thick, thin.
  • SHAPE: 2D (two dimensional)/ flatGeometric: (square, circle, oval, triangle,)Organic: (All other shapes)
  • FORM: 3D (three demensional),Geometric: (cube, sphere, cone,)Organic: (all other forms such as: people, animals, tables, chairs etc,)
  • VALUE: The lightness or darkness of an image or part of an image.The difference between values is called value contrast.
  • COLOR: Refers to wavelengths of light. There are three properties of color; Hue (name,) Value (lightness/darkness) and Intensity (Saturation, or amount of pigment and temperature (warm/cold).)
  • TEXTURE: Describes the feel, appearance, thichness or stickiness of a surface. (e.g: smooth, rough, silky, furry)
  • SPACE: The area around, within, or between images or parts of an image. (relates to perspective.) Positive and negative space.

elements of design explained continue

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN EXPLAINED

  • PATTERN: A regular arrangement of alternated or repeated elements (shapes, lones, colours or motifs)
  • CONTRAST: The juxtaposition of different elements of design (for example: rough and smooth textures, dark and light values) in order to highlight their differences and/or create visual interest, or a focal point.
  • EMPHASIS: Special attention/importance given to one part of a work of art (for example: a dark shape in a light composition.) Emphasis can be achieved through placement, contrast, colour, size, repitition... Relates to focal point.

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN EXPLAINED CONTINUES.

  • BALANCE: A feeling of balance results when the elements of design are arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically to create the impression of equality in weight or importance.
  • SCALE: The relationship between objects with respect to size, number and so on, including the relationship between parts of a whole.
  • HARMONY: The arrangement of elements to give the viewer the feeling that all the parts of the piece form a coherent whole.

THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN EXPLAINED CONTINUES

  • RHYTHIM?MOVEMENT: The use of recurring elements to dirct the eyes through the image; the way the elements are organized to lead the eye to a focal area, The eye can be directed, for example, along edges and by means of shape and colour.
  • UNITY: When all parts of an image work together to be seen as a whole.
  • VARIETY: Using different elements in an immage to create visual interest.
  1. Please answer the following Questions.
THIS EXERCISE WILL BE GRADED 1. State in your own words what comes to mind when you hear about Graphic design. (2 Mks)2. State very briefly the difference between Elements of Design and Principles of Design. (4 Mks)3. a) Some elements of design are line color and texture, list three more. (3 Mks) b) Elaborate on, or Explain any three (3) Elements of design in your own words. (6 Mks)4. List six Principles of Design. (6 Mks)5. In your own words say what you understand by:PatternBalanceUnityScale (4 Mks)

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