Space race

Neil Armstrong and later Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin become the first men to walk on the Moon while their crewmate Michael Collins continues to orbit the Moon aboard the Apollo 11. This secured a victory for America in the Space Race with a televised landing witnessed around the world by 723 million people.

US spacecraft Apollo 8 becomes the first human-crewed spacecraft to reach the Moon, orbit it, and successfully return to Earth.

Only a few months later the Soviet cosmonaut Vladimir Komarov is also killed when the parachute on his Soyuz 1 capsule fails to open on his reentry into Earth's atmosphere.

American astronauts Ed White, Gus Grissom, and Roger Chaffee die when a fire ignited in their Apollo 1 capsule on the launch pad.

The US satellite, Mariner 4, performs the first successful voyage to the planet Mars, returning the first close-up images of the Martian surface.

Alexei Leonov leaves his spacecraft, the Voskhod 2, in a specialized spacesuit and conducts a twelve-minute spacewalk, the first of its kind.

Valentina Tereshkova becomes the first civilian and first woman in space. She spends almost three days in space, orbiting the Earth 48 times aboard her spacecraft, Vostok 6.

The space race

Sofia Barragán Pérez 3°A L.N:1

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The US achieves the first pilot-controlled journey and first American in space with Alan Shepard aboard the Mercury-Redstone 3 (or Freedom 7) spacecraft. On this flight, Shepard did not orbit Earth. He flew 116 miles high. The flight lasted about 15 minutes.

The Soviet Union achieve a clear triumph in the Space Race. Aboard the Vostok 1, Yuri Gagarin makes a single orbit around the Earth and becomes the first man to reach space. He remained in space for one hour and forty-eight minutes before landing in Saratov Oblast, west Russia.

31 January

Ham, a US chimpanzee, becomes the first hominid (or great ape) in space and the first to successfully survive the landing.

Aboard the Soviet Union's Sputnik 5, the first animals (two dogs, Belka and Strelka) and a range of plants are returned alive from space.

The US launches Explorer 6, the world's first weather satellite and obtains the first pictures of Earth from space.

The USSR launches Luna 1, known as the first "cosmic rocket" as it accidentally escaped the orbit of the Moon due to the object having too much speed. Luna 1 becomes the first human-made object to leave the orbit of the Earth and orbit the sun instead.

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is created in the US, replacing the National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics (NACA).

The US enter the Space Race by launching Explorer 1, the first US satellite to reach orbit. It carried experimental equipment that led to the discovery of the Van Allen radiation belt.

The USSR successfully launches Sputnik 2, carrying a dog named Laika into space. They become the first nation to successfully send a living organism into orbit.

The USSR successfully launches Sputnik 1, the first Earth-orbiting satellite in history.

The USSR responds to the US announcement that they intend to launch the first artificial satellite into space with a satellite of their own.

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The role that space might continue to play in achieving world peace is that countries are working together to learn more, instead of working against each other. We may be from different countries but we are all under the same sky(space) and are just trying to make discoveries about it.

What role might space continue to play in achieving world peace?

Bibliography

Space Race: Timeline. (n.d.). Vanderilt University. Retrieved November 29, 2020, from https://researchguides.library.vanderbilt.edu/c.php?g=68842&p=447292

Space Race Timeline. (2020, April 6). Royal Museums Greenwich. https://www.rmg.co.uk/discover/explore/space-race-timeline