US elections

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The U.S.presidential

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The President's Job

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How to become the President of the U.S.A.

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sources:whitehouse.govbritannica.combiography.com

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Donald J. Trump Donald Trump is the 45th and current President of the United States; he took office on January 20, 2017. Previously, he was a real estate mogul and a former reality TV star. In 2019 Trump became only the third president in U.S. history (after Andrew Johnson in 1868 and Bill Clinton in 1998) to be impeached by the U.S. House of Representatives.

Barack Obama Barack Obama was the 44th president of the United States (2009-2017) and the first African American. The son of parents from Kenya and Kansas, Obama was born and raised in Hawaii. He oversaw the recovery of the U.S. economy (from the Great Recession of 2008–09) and the enactment of landmark health care reform (the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act). In 2009 he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

George W. Bush George W. Bush, America’s 43rd President (2001-2009), was transformed into a wartime President in the aftermath of the airborne terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, facing the “greatest challenge of any President since Abraham Lincoln.” Bush led the United States' response to the 9/11 terrorist attacks and initiated the Iraq War in 2003. Before his presidency, Bush was a businessman and served as governor of Texas.

Bill Clinton Bill Clinton is an American politician from Arkansas who served as the 42nd President of the United States (1993-2001). He took office at the end of the Cold War, and was the first baby-boomer generation President. He oversaw the country's longest peacetime economic expansion. Clinton was impeached by the House of Representatives in 1998 following the revelation of his affair with Monica Lewinsky but was acquitted by the Senate in 1999.

George H. W. Bush George H.W. Bush was the 41st President of the United States and served as vice president under Ronald Reagan. He was also the father of George W. Bush, the 43rd President. Bush's handling of the invasion in Kuwait is largely viewed as his greatest presidential success. Despite his global successes, Bush's inability to handle economic problems at home were blamed for his re-election bid failure in 1992.

Ronald Reagan Ronald Reagan, originally an American actor and politician, became the 40th President of the United States serving from 1981 to 1989. His term saw a restoration of prosperity at home, with the goal of achieving “peace through strength” abroad. President Ronald Reagan helped redefine the purpose of government and pressured the Soviet Union to end the Cold War. He solidified the conservative agenda for decades after his presidency.

James Carter Jimmy Carter served as the 39th President of the United States from 1977 to 1981 and served as the nation's chief executive during a time of serious problems at home and abroad (Iranian Hostage Crisis,Panama Canal return to Panama, very poor relationships with Congress and the media). Carter's perceived mishandling of these issues led to defeat in his bid for reelection. Despite a largely unsuccessful one-term presidency, Carter later rehabilitated his reputation through his humanitarian efforts after leaving the White House. He was awarded the 2002 Nobel Peace Prize.

Gerald R. Ford Gerald Ford became the 38th president of the United States (1974-1977) following Richard Nixon's resignation, in the aftermath of the Watergate scandal. When Gerald R. Ford took the oath of office on August 9, 1974, he declared, “I assume the Presidency under extraordinary circumstances…This is an hour of history that troubles our minds and hurts our hearts.” Ford's early presidency marked a state of tumult for the nation, with downfalls including a seriously ailing economy (and an almost bankrupt New York City), an essential defeat in the Vietnam War, rocky foreign relations and an energy crisis.

Richard M. Nixon Richard Nixon was elected the 37th President of the United States (1969-1974) after previously serving as a U.S. Representative and a U.S. Senator from California. After successfully ending American fighting in Vietnam and improving international relations with the U.S.S.R. and China, he became the only President to ever resign the office, as a result of the Watergate scandal (a June 1972 break-in to the Democratic National Committee headquarters led to an investigation that revealed multiple abuses of power by the Nixon administration.)

Lyndon B. Johnson In the 1960 campaign, Lyndon B. Johnson was elected Vice President as John F. Kennedy’s running mate. On November 22, 1963, when Kennedy was assassinated, Johnson was sworn in as the 36th United States President. As president, Johnson initiated the "Great Society" social service programs; signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 into law; and bore the brunt of national opposition to his vast expansion of American involvement in the Vietnam War.

John F. Kennedy (JFK) John F. Kennedy was the 35th President of the United States (1961-1963), the youngest man elected to the office. On November 22, 1963, when he was hardly past his first thousand days in office, JFK was assassinated in Dallas, Texas, becoming also the youngest President to die. As president, Kennedy faced a number of foreign crises, especially in Cuba and Berlin, but managed to secure such achievements as the Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty and the Alliance for Progress. He took vigorous action in the cause of equal rights, calling for new civil rights legislation.

Dwight D. Eisenhower Bringing to the Presidency his prestige as commanding general of the victorious forces in Europe during World War II, Dwight D. Eisenhower obtained a truce in Korea and worked incessantly during his two terms (1953-1961) to ease the tensions of the Cold War.

Harry S. Truman Harry S. Truman was Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s vice president for just 82 days before Roosevelt died in 1945, and Truman became the 33rd president. In his first months in office, he dropped the atomic bomb on Japan, ending World War II. His policy of communist containment started the Cold War, and he initiated U.S. involvement in the Korean War. Truman left office in 1953 and died in 1972.

Franklin D. Roosevelt Franklin Delano Roosevelt was the 32nd American president (1933-1945). FDR, as he was often called, led the United States through the Great Depression and World War II, and greatly expanding the powers of the federal government through a series of programs and reforms known as the New Deal. Roosevelt’s social programs reinvented the role of government in Americans' lives, while his presidency during World War II established the United States' leadership on the world stage. As the war drew to a close, Roosevelt’s health deteriorated, and on April 12, 1945, he died of a cerebral hemorrhage.

Herbert Hoover Herbert Hoover was the 31st president of the United States (1929–1933), whose term was notably marked by the stock market crash of 1929 and the beginnings of the Great Depression. Hoover’s policies could not overcome the economic destruction and despair that resulted, and he lost his reelection bid in 1932. Before serving as America’s 31st President, Herbert Hoover had achieved worldwide gratitude as “The Great Humanitarian” who fed war-torn Europe during and after World War I.

Calvin Coolidge Calvin Coolidge was president of the United States from 1923 to 1929. Coolidge was known for his quiet demeanor, which earned him the nickname "Silent Cal." Elected U.S. vice president in 1920, he became president following the death of Warren G. Harding in 1923. Calvin Coolidge demonstrated his determination to preserve the old moral and economic precepts of frugality amid the material prosperity which many Americans were enjoying during the 1920s era.

Warren G. Harding Warren G. Harding was the 29th President of the United States (1921-1923). His term followed World War I and a campaign promising a "return to normalcy." Though his term in office was fraught with scandal, including Teapot Dome, Harding embraced technology and was sensitive to the plights of minorities and women.

Woodrow Wilson Woodrow Wilson, a leader of the Progressive Movement, was the 28th President of the United States (1913-1921). After a policy of neutrality at the outbreak of World War I, Wilson led America into war in order to “make the world safe for democracy", negotiating the Treaty of Versailles and crafting the League of Nations, a precursor to the United Nations. His legacy includes sweeping reforms for the middle class, voting rights for women and precepts for world peace. However, Wilson is also known for a dismal record on race relations.

William Howard Taft William Howard Taft was the 27th President of the United States (1909-1913) . He was on track to be a career jurist, well on his way to his dream job of sitting on the Supreme Court, when President Roosevelt made him Secretary of War, and by 1907 had decided that Taft should be his successor. Taft finally achieved his dream of being appointed chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court in 1921, becoming the only person to have served both as a chief justice and president.

Theodore Roosevelt With the assassination of President William McKinley, Theodore Roosevelt, not quite 43, became the 26th and youngest President in the Nation’s history (1901-1909). He brought new excitement and power to the office, vigorously leading Congress and the American public toward progressive reforms and a strong foreign policy. Known for his anti-monopoly policies and ecological conservationism, Roosevelt won the Nobel Peace Prize for his part in ending the Russo-Japanese War.

William McKinley William McKinley was the 25th President of the United States, serving from March 4, 1897, until his assassination on September 14, 1901, after leading the nation to victory in the Spanish-American War and raising protective tariffs to promote American industry. William McKinley is best known for being president when the United States acquired Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines.

Grover Cleveland The 22nd and 24th President Grover Cleveland was the only President to leave the White House and return for a second term four years later (1885-1889 and 1893-1897), as well as the first to be married in the White House. Grover Cleveland was a tough opponent of political corruption who fiercely guarded the integrity of the offices in which he served. He lost a second term as incumbent but won back the presidency four years later. He earned the nickname ”guardian president” for his record-breaking use of veto power and strengthened the executive branch, ushering in the modern presidential era.

Grover Cleveland The 22nd and 24th President Grover Cleveland was the only President to leave the White House and return for a second term four years later (1885-1889 and 1893-1897), as well as the first to be married in the White House. Grover Cleveland was a tough opponent of political corruption who fiercely guarded the integrity of the offices in which he served. He lost a second term as incumbent but won back the presidency four years later. He earned the nickname ”guardian president” for his record-breaking use of veto power and strengthened the executive branch, ushering in the modern presidential era.

Benjamin Harrison Benjamin Harrison, the 23rd president of the United States from 1889 to 1893, was the grandson of U.S. President William Henry Harrison. Harrison was elected to the presidency in 1888, ousting Grover Cleveland. One of the lasting legacies of Harrison's presidency was the expansion of the country to include the states of Montana, Washington, Idaho, Wyoming and the Dakotas.

Chester A. Arthur Chester A. Arthur was the 21st president of the United States (1881-85). He served as vice president at the time President James Garfield was assassinated, and acceded to the presidency thereafter. As president, he supported the Pendleton Civil Service Act (1883), which provided for the open appointment and promotion of federal employees based on merit rather than patronage.

James Garfield James Garfield was elected as the United States’ 20th President in 1881, after nine terms in the U.S. House of Representatives. Garfield's agenda of civil service reform and civil rights was cut short when he was shot by a disgruntled office seeker in July 1881.

Rutherford B. Hayes As the 19th President of the United States (1877-1881), Rutherford B. Hayes oversaw the end of Reconstruction, began the efforts that led to civil service reform, and attempted to reconcile the divisions left over from the Civil War.

Ulysses S. Grant In 1865, as commanding general, Ulysses S. Grant led the Union Armies to victory in the American Civil War. As an American hero, Grant was later elected the 18th President of the United States (1869–1877). While he had some success during his time in office, including pushing through ratification of the 15th Amendment ( granting African-American men the right to vote), his administration's scandals rocked both of his presidential terms.

Andrew Johnson With the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln, Andrew Johnson became the 17th President of the United States (1865-1869). His lenient Reconstruction policies toward the South, and his vetoing of Reconstruction acts, embittered the Radical Republicans in Congress and led to his political downfall and impeachment, though he was acquitted.

Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States (1861-1865) and is regarded as one of America's greatest heroes due to his role as savior of the Union and emancipator of slaves. His rise from humble beginnings to achieving the highest office in the land is a remarkable story. Lincoln was assassinated at a time when his country needed him to complete the great task of reunifying the nation. His eloquent support of democracy and insistence that the Union was worth saving embody the ideals of self-government that all nations strive to achieve.

James Buchanan James Buchanan was the 15th President of the United States (1857-1861). Serving as president during the run-up to the Civil War, Buchanan's inability to halt the southern states' drive toward secession has led most historians to consider his presidency a failure. Buchanan was the only U.S. president from Pennsylvania, and the only one to remain a lifelong bachelor.

Franklin Pierce Franklin Pierce became 14th President of the United States at a time of apparent tranquility (1853-1857). By pursuing the recommendations of southern advisers, Pierce — a New Englander — hoped to ease the divisions that led eventually to Civil War. As president, he signed the Kansas-Nebraska Act, prompting a bloody conflict over Kansas' slavery status.

Millard Fillmore Millard Fillmore, a member of the Whig party, was the 13th President of the United States (1850-1853) and the last President not to be affiliated with either the Democratic or Republican parties. He became vice president under President Zachary Taylor, assuming the presidency after Taylor's death in 1850. As the 13th U.S. president, Fillmore was responsible for forcing open Japan to trade with the Treaty of Kanagawa.

Zachary Taylor Known as a national war hero for his battles in the Mexican War, Zachary Taylor served in the U.S. Army for nearly 40 years before he was elected as the 12th president of the United States, serving from March 1849 until his sudden death in July 1850. He led the nation during its debates on slavery and Southern secession.

James K. Polk James Polk was the 11th and youngest (at the time) president of the United States (1845–1849). Polk’s annexation of Texas led to the Mexican-American War (1846–1848), and the U.S. victory thereby led to the acquisition of large territories in the Southwest and along the Pacific coast, which in turn led to the establishment of the Department of the Interior. The northern border of the United States was also established under Polk

John Tyler John Tyler became the tenth President of the United States (1841-1845) when President William Henry Harrison died in April 1841. He was the first Vice President to succeed to the Presidency after the death of his predecessor. Opponents dubbed President John Tyler the "Accidental President" and "His Accidency."

William Henry Harrison William Henry Harrison, an American military officer and politician, was the ninth President of the United States (1841). Elected at age 67, he was then the oldest man to take the office, and became the first U.S. president to die in office. His one-month tenure was the shortest. His father, Benjamin, was a signer of the Declaration of Independence, and his grandson, also Benjamin, became the 23rd president.

Martin Van Buren Martin Van Buren was the eighth President of the United States (1837-1841). While the country was prosperous when the “Little Magician” was elected, less than three months later the financial panic of 1837 punctured the prosperity. His shrewd dealings laid the foundations for the Democratic Party and the modern political machine,but his policies were unpopular and he failed to win a second term .

Andrew Jackson Andrew Jackson was the seventh President of the United States from 1829 to 1837. Known as the "people's president," Jackson destroyed the Second Bank of the United States, founded the Democratic Party, supported individual liberty and instituted policies that resulted in the forced migration of Native Americans.

John Quincy Adams John Quincy Adams was the eldest son of President John Adams and the sixth president of the United States from 1825 to 1829. In his pre-presidential years, Adams was one of America's greatest diplomats ; in his post-presidential years, he conducted a consistent and often dramatic fight against the expansion of slavery. Though full of promise, his presidential years were difficult, as he failed to develop the political relationships needed—even among members of his own party—to effect significant change.

James Monroe James Monroe was the fifth President of the United States (1817–1825) and the last President from the Founding Fathers. He is remembered for expanding U.S territory via the acquisition of Florida from Spain, as well as for the Monroe Doctrine. This policy stated that the Americas should be free from future European colonization and that any interference with independent countries in the Americas would be considered a hostile act toward the United States.

James Madison James Madison, America’s fourth President (1809-1817), made a major contribution to the ratification of the Constitution by writing The Federalist Papers, along with Alexander Hamilton and John Jay. In later years, he was referred to as the “Father of the Constitution.” Madison initiated the War of 1812 and served two terms in the White House.

Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson, a spokesman for democracy, was an American Founding Father, the principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776), and the third President of the United States (1801–1809). Jefferson stabilized the U.S. economy and defeated pirates from North Africa during the Barbary War. He was responsible for doubling the size of the United States by successfully brokering the Louisiana Purchase. He also founded the University of Virginia.

John Adams John Adams, a remarkable political philosopher, served as the second President of the United States (1797-1801), after serving as the first Vice President under President George Washington. John Adams was a direct descendant of Puritan colonists from the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

George Washington George Washington was a Virginia plantation owner who served as a general and commander-in-chief of the colonial armies during the American Revolutionary War, and later became the first president of the United States, serving from 1789 to 1797.

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