Classification of living things. Microorganisms.

Unit 2

Empezar

Classification of living things.Microorganisms

• Apply classification criteria to living things, and define the concept of species.

• Distinguish the general and individual features of the five kingdoms of the living things.

• Understand what microorganisms are and which kingdom they belong to.

• Recognise the importance of biodiversity.

You will learn to...

Bibliography

Biodiversity

Domains

Kingdoms

Binomial nomenclature

Video Classification

How are living thing classified?

Vídeo dichotomous key

Dichotomous keys

Criteria for classification

Why do we classify living things?

Why do we classify things?

Index

What is a species?

What are microorganisms?

How important is biodiversity?

What is biodiversity?

How many kingdoms are there?

Classify the following

Why do we classify things?

Why classification is important and necessary?

Did everybody use the same criteria?

which criteria did you use to classify those things?

NATURAL CRITERIA

• As our scientific knowledge increased, we started to use natural criteria to classify living things, such as anatomical, behavioural and developmental characteristics.

• recognise them and
• study them.

ARTIFICIAL CRITERIA

• The first classifications of animals were not very scientific and involved the use of artificial criteria to classify living things.

We classify living things to be able to:

Why do we classify living things?

Identification keys allow us to recognise different species. These keys are called dichotomous keys.

This means the characteristics chosen to establish the groups are common to some living things, but not all of them.

DISCRIMINATORY

This means they don't depend on the person who is carrying out the classification. For example, the number of limbs that an animal has is an objective criteria but its beauty is a subjective criteria.

The criteria needed to classify living things must be:

OBJECTIVE

Descriptive representation

Diagrammatic representation

+ info

DICHOTOMOUS KEYS

Dichotomous keys allow us to recognise and classify species by means of descriptions which are discriminatory and objective.

Dichotomous key

As a branching flowchart.

Diagrammatic representation

Dichotomous key

As a series of paired statements laid out in a numbered sequence.

Descriptive representation

Dichotomous keys with Scientific names

• Taxonomists group living things according to common characteristics.
• Each of these groups is called a taxon.
• The basic taxonomic category is the species.

HOW ARE LIVING THINGS CLASSIFIED?

Taxonomy is the science that classifies living things according to natural criteria.

Taxonomy mnemonic: DKPCOFGS

+ info

HOW ARE LIVING THINGS CLASSIFIED?

+ practice

kahoot

by Carl Linnaeus

+ info

To name each species, scientists use the binomial nomenclature created by Carl Linnaeus in 1753.

Each species must be named using two Latin words written in italics:The first one (with an initial capital letter) indicates the genus, and the second one indicates a characteristic of the species itself. (specific epithet)

Binomial nomenclature

+ info

• Cell type (prokaryotic or eukaryotic)
• Cell number (unicellular or multicellular)
• Feeding type (autotroph or heterotroph)

In 1969, Robert H. Whittaker proposed a classifications of organisms into five kingdoms. It was based on three factors:

KINGDOMS

ANIMALIA

PLANTAE

FUNGI

PROTISTA

MONERA

FIVE KINGDOMS

MONERA

Ver

PROTISTA

Ver

FUNGI

PLANTAE

ANIMALIA

+ info

• ARCHAEA
• BACTERIA
• EUKARYA

In 1990, Carl Woese, suggested a new taxonomial category, the DOMAIN. According to Woese there are three domains:

DOMAINS

kahoot

+ info

Biodiversity

• 5 Kingdom Classification: https://youtu.be/MBJp3CCqrxg
• Dichotomous keys with scientific names (Amoeba sisters): https://youtu.be/wpKulkADzBk
• Handouts amoeba sisters: https://www.amoebasisters.com/handouts.html
• Classification (Amoeba sisters): https://youtu.be/DVouQRAKxYo

• https://ib.bioninja.com.au/standard-level/topic-5-evolution-and-biodi/53-classification-of-biodiv/dichotomous-keys.html
• https://i.pinimg.com/originals/39/b0/2c/39b02c3d8745b17766f15a3c97094a07.jpg
• Fungi (CrashCourse): https://youtu.be/m4DUZhnNo4s
• Protist and fungi (Amoeba sisters): https://youtu.be/zK7Ckmxxqds
• Kingdom Monera (MooMooMath): https://youtu.be/TKZMn0EEJaE
• Kingdom Protista (MooMooMath): https://youtu.be/kQdRVq0b9Bk
• Kingdom Fungi (MooMooMath): https://youtu.be/Hws8NXySjPM
• Kingdom Plantae (MooMooMath): https://youtu.be/J6c_Z5tEYhw
• Kingdom Animalia (MooMooMath): https://youtu.be/ROgsunixPF0
• https://ed.ted.com/lessons/why-is-biodiversity-so-important-kim-preshoff#watch

Bibliography