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PASSIVE VOICE

Learn about the Passive Voice - by Marta Gual

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Reporting PassiveSentences

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What is the Passive Voice

How to form the Passive Voice

Indirect Object as the subject

Passive Voice

Let’s see if you can deduce the list. Presente Simple Ella come una manzana Present Simple She eats an apple Pasiva de Presente Una manzana es comida por ella Present Simple Passive An apple …………………………………… by her Pasado Simple Ella comió una manzana Past Simple She ate an apple Pasiva de Pasado Simple Una manzana fue comida por ella Past Simple Passive An apple …………………………………… by her Presente Continuo Ella está comiendo una manzana Present Continuous She is eating an apple Pasiva de Presente Contínuo Una manzana está siendo comida por ella Present Continuous Passive An apple ……………………………………… by her Pasado Contínuo Ella estaba comiendo una manzana Past Continuous She was eating an apple Pasiva de Pasado Contínuo Una manzana estaba siendo comida por ella Past Continuous Passive An apple ……………………………………… by her Futuro will Ella comerá una manzana Will She will eat an apple Pasiva de Futuro will Una manzana será comida por ella Will Passive An apple ……………………………………… by her Futuro going-to Ella va a comer una manzana Going to She is going to eat an apple Pasiva de Futuro going-to Una manzana va a ser comida por ella Going to Passive An apple ……………………………………… by her Presente Perfecto Ella ha comido una manzana Present Perfect She has eaten an apple Pasiva de Presente Perfecto Una manzana ha sido comida por ella Present Perfect Passive An apple ……………………………………… by her Pasado Perfecto Ella había comido una manzana Past Perfect She had eaten an apple Pasiva de Pasado Perfecto Una manzana había sido comida por ella Past Perfect Passive An apple ……………………………………… by her Did you finish? Perfect! You have built the list of Passive Verbal Tenses!

We are normally not interested in the "doer" (person who does the action) of an action in a passive sentence. When we want to mention the "doer", we use the preposition by. The whole phrase is called by-agent in English. BY ME BY YOU BY HIM BY HER BY IT BY US BY YOU BY THEM

ACTIVE Tom writes a letter Tom is writing a letter Tom was writing a letter Tom wrote a letter Tom has written a letter Tom had written a letter Tom will write a letter Tom is going to write a letter Tom can write a letter Tom could write a letter Tom must write a letter Tom may write a letter Tom might write a letter PASSIVE A letter is written by Tom A letter is being written by Tom A letter was being written by Tom A letter was written by Tom A letter has been written by Tom A letter had been written by Tom A letter will be written by Tom A letter is going to be written by Tom A letter can be written by Tom A letter could be written by Tom A letter must be written by Tom A letter may be written... A letter might be written...

LIST OF PASSIVE VERBAL TENSES Present simple: am/ is/ are + participle Present continuous: am/are/is + being + participle Past simple: was/were+ participle Past continuous: was /were + being+ participle Present perfect: have/ has + been + participle Past perfect: had + been + participle Future: will + be + participle Be Going to: am/ is/ are + going to + be + participle

Practise

Present Tenses

Past Tenses

Perfect Tenses

Passive Voice

Future tenses

Mixed tenses

Indirect Object

Modal verbs

PRESENT PERFECT https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/passive-exercise-3.html https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?03 https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?present-perfect https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?present-perfect-2 PAST PERFECT https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?past-perfect

PAST SIMPLE https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/passive-exercise-2.html https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?02 https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?simple-past https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?simple-past-2 PAST CONTINUOUS https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?past-progressive

FUTURE WILL https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/passive-exercise-4.html https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?04 https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?future-1 https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?future-will-2

TWO OBJECTS https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/passive-verbs-two-objects-exercise-1.html https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?07 https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?08

MIXED TENSES https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/passive-exercise-5.html https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?06

CONDITIONAL WOULD https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?conditional-1 MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?05

Test

Test 1 Passive voice

Passive Voice

Test 2 Passive voice (Indirect Object)

Video explanation (short)

Video explanation (long)

Explanation (web)

Reporting Passive sentences

Marta's grammar

Exercises

Passive of Reporting Verbs / Impersonal Passive If you want to give information about something but you don’t want to say WHO said it, you can use this structure: IT IS SAID THAT … Emma is pregnant IT IS THOUGHT THAT … Emma was in hospital IT IS BELIEVED THAT … Emma had two children Verbs that refer to saying or thinking ( think, believe, say, report, know, consider, presume, hope…) are often followed by a to-infinitive form in the passive. Example: The police think that he is in Argentina. He is thought to be in Argentina.

How to do the negative? BE + ING è Continuous € + TO BE + SAID (NOT) TO INFINITIVE è Present / Future HAVE + PARTICIPLE è Past We must add NOT before TO. Example: It is said he doesn’t work è He is said not to work è He isn’t said to work

We will study three Infinitive forms, which we will use depending on the tense we have in the active sentence. Present or Future Simple INF to write escribir Present (right now) Continuous BE + ING to be writing estar escribiendo Past Perfect HAVE/HAS + PARTICIPLE to have written haber escrito INFINITIVE (Present or Future) € + AM / IS / ARE + SAID / THOUGHT / ... TO + BE + ING (Continuous) HAVE + PARTICIPLE (Past) Active Passive They say she works hard. (PS) She is said to work hard. They say she played well. (PtS) She is said to have played well. They believe he is having an affair. (PC) He is believed to be having an affair.