ENGLISH TENSES

English Tenses

Gerard barrallo

TIMELINE

PRESENT SIMPLE

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

PAST SIMPLE

PAST CONTINUOUS

PRESENT PERFECT

FUTUTE SIMPLE(TO BE GOING TO)

FUTURE SIMPLE(WILL)

English Tenses

Timeline of Tenses

PAST CONTINUOUS

PAST SIMPLE

PRESENT PERFECT

PRESENT SIMPLE

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

TO BE GOING TO

FUTURE SIMPLE

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TIMELINE

PRESENT SIMPLE

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

PAST SIMPLE

PAST CONTINUOUS

PRESENT PERFECT

FUTURE SIMPLE(TO BE GOING TO)

FUTURE SIMPLE(WILL)

Present Simple

English Tenses

Affirmative:

Subject + base form + object I study English on Tuesday. Subject + base form + s/es in the 3rdperson singularShe goes to bed at 10 o`clock p.m."es" when the verb ends:- o/s/ss/sh/ch/x watch - watches- Consonant + y study - studies

Negative:

Subject + don't/doesn't + base form + objectTom doesn't do the housework.

Questions:

Do/Does + subject + base form + object Do you like reading?

Short Answers:

Affirmative: Subject + doYes, I do (Yes, I/you/we/they do)Affirmative: Subject + doesYes, he does (Yes, he/she/it does)Negative: Subject + don'tNo, I don't (No, I/you/we/they don't)Negative: Subject + doesn'tNo, he doesn't (No, he/she/it doesn't)

Use:

• Habits, daily routine

• Facts and states

Time Expressions:

• Every day, on Monday, in Summer...
• Always, usually, often, never

TIMELINE

PRESENT SIMPLE

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

PAST SIMPLE

PAST CONTINUOUS

PRESENT PERFECT

FUTURE SIMPLE(TO BE GOING TO)

FUTURE SIMPLE(WILL)

Present Continuous

English Tenses

Subject + to be + base form + -ing + object I'm taking the dog for a walk. When the verb ends:- "e" believe - believing- "l" travel - travelling- Consonant + vowel + consonant run - running Subject + to be + not + base form + -ing + objectShe is not eating on the sofa.To be + subject + base form + -ing + objectAre you eating a piece of a cake?

Affirmative:

Negative:

Questions:

Affirmative: Subject + amYes, I am.Affirmative: Subject + are Yes, you are (Yes, you/we/they are)Affirmative: Subject + isYes, he is (Yes, he/she/it is)Negative: Subject + am + notNo, I am not. Negative: Subject + aren'tNo, you aren't (No, you/we/they aren't)Negative: Subject + isn'tNo, he isn't (No, he/she/it isn't)

• Actions in progress now.

• Don't use the continuous form in stative verbs.

Short Answers:

Use:

Time Expressions:

• Now, at the moment, right now...
• Today, Tonight...

TIMELINE

PRESENT SIMPLE

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

PAST SIMPLE

PAST CONTINUOUS

PRESENT PERFECT

FUTURE SIMPLE(TO BE GOING TO)

FUTURE SIMPLE(WILL)

Past Simple

English Tenses

Subject + base form + -ed + object I played the guitar.When the verb ends:- Consonant + y study - studied- "e" arrive (omit the "e") - arrived- Consonant + vowel + consonant travel - travelled

Affirmative:

Negative:

Subject + didn't + base form + objectI didn't cook the lunch.

Exceptions: was/were (irregular verbs)

Exceptions: wasn't/weren't (irregular verbs

Questions:

Did + subject + base form + objectDid she paint the wall.

Exceptions: Was ?/Were ? (irregular verbs)

Short Answers:

Use:

• Finished actions.
• Situations in the past
• We know when something happened

Time Expressions:

• Yesterday, last week, the other day
• Annyone passed day, in + year ...
• Ago

Affirmative: Subject + didYes, I did. (Yes, you/he/she/it/we/they did.)Affirmative: Subject + was/wereYes, I was. (Yes, you/he/she/it/we/they was/were.)Negative: Subject + didn'tNo, I didn't. (No, you/he/she/it/we/they didn't.)Negative: Subject + wasn't/weren'tNo, I wasn't. (No, you/he/she/it/we/they wasn't/weren't.)

TIMELINE

PRESENT SIMPLE

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

PAST SIMPLE

PAST CONTINUOUS

PRESENT PERFECT

FUTURE SIMPLE(TO BE GOING TO)

FUTURE SIMPLE(WILL)

Past Continuous

English Tenses

Affirmative:

Subject + was/were + base form + -ing + objectI was writting a letter.When the verb ends:- "e" paste (omit the "e") - pasting.- Consonant + vowel + consonant run (double the last consonant) - running.- "ie" tie (omit "ie" and add "y") - tying.

Negative:

Subject + wasn't/weren't + base form + -ing + objectYou weren't going to the party.

Questions:

Was/Were + subject + base form + -ing + objectWas she swimming in the pool?

Short Answers:

Affirmative: Subject + wasYes, I was. (Yes, he/she/it was)Affirmative: Subject + wereYes, you were. (Yes, we/they were)Negative: Subject + wasn'tNo, I wasn't (No, he/she/it wasn't)Negative: Subject + weren'tNo, you weren't. (No, we/they weren't)

Use:

• We use the past continuous to talk about actions in progress at a particular time in the past.

Time Expressions:

• Suddently, yesterday morning...
• As, while, when...

TIMELINE

PRESENT SIMPLE

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

PAST SIMPLE

PAST CONTINUOUS

PRESENT PERFECT

FUTURE SIMPLE(TO BE GOING TO)

FUTURE SIMPLE(WILL)

Present Perfect

English Tenses

Affirmative:

Subject + have/has + past participle + objectWe have sung a song. Short forms of have:Have 'veHas 's

Negative:

Subject + haven't/hasn't + past participle + objectShe hasn't finished her homework. Short forms of have:Have not haven'tHas not hasn't

Questions:

Have/has + subject + past participle + objectHave you ever been in Barcelona?

Short Answers:

Affrimative: Subject + have/hasYes, they have.Negative: Subject + haven't/hasn'tNo, it hasn't.

Use:

• To refere to the recent past.
• Describe event which started in the past and continue in the present.
• Things that happened in the past.

Time Expressions:

• For: Length of time.
• Since: The starting point when the action began.
• Already: affrimative (middle position)
• Yet: negative/interrogative (ending position)
• Ever, never.

TIMELINE

PRESENT SIMPLE

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

PAST SIMPLE

PAST CONTINUOUS

PRESENT PERFECT

FUTURE SIMPLE(TO BE GOING TO)

FUTURE SIMPLE(WILL)

Future Simple (to be going to)

English Tenses

Affirmative:

Subject + am/are/is + going to + base form + objectShe is going to arrive late.

Negative:

Subject + am/are/is + not + going to + base form + objectThey aren't going to be happy.

Questions:

Am/are/is + subject + going to + base form + objectAre you going to call me tonight?

Short Answers:

Affirmative: Subject + amYes, I am.Affirmative: Subject + areYes, you are. (Yes, we/they are.)Affirmative: Subject + isYes, he is. (Yes, she/it is.)Negative: Subject + am notNo, I am not. Negative: Subject + aren'tNo, you aren't. (No, we/they aren't.)Negative: Subject + isn'tNo, he isn't. (No, she/it isn't.)

Use:

• Planned actions.
• Prediction based on evidences.

Time Expressions:

• Tomorrow, soon, later, next week...

TIMELINE

PRESENT SIMPLE

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

PAST SIMPLE

PAST CONTINUOUS

PRESENT PERFECT

FUTURE SIMPLE(TO BE GOING TO)

FUTURE SIMPLE(WILL)

Future Simple (will)

English Tenses

Affirmative:

Subject + will + base form + objecti will visit my grandparents.Short form of will:Will 'll

Negative:

Subject + will not + base form + objectSarah won't play videogames.Short form of will not:Will not won't

Questions:

Will + subject + base form + objectWill you buy the newspaper?

Affirmative:

Affirmative: Subject + willYes, I will. (Yes, you/he/she/it/we/they will.)Negative: Subject + won'tNo, I won't. (No, you/he/she/it/we/they won't.)

Use:

• No planned actions.
• No planned decisions.
• Predictions (no evidences

Time Expressions:

• If, unless, tomorrow, next, after, in three minutes...