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Did you know it?Discover a mysterious monument...

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Surrender of Lord Cornwallis after the Siege of Yorktown (September 28 – October 19, 1781) by John Trumbull, oil on canvas, 1820.

William Barnes Wollen, The Battle of Lexington, 19th April 1775, 1910.

Lycée Dominique Savio, Douala

"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776.

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History and Geography

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Movie reviews: how to discover American History through the seventh art ?

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Let's discover the American Revolution !

We have all dreamed at least once in our lives of crossing the territory discovered by the famous Christopher Columbus. Have you ever wondered why people want to live this dream? The American Dream? In order to understand this phenomenon, we propose a travel through the ages to highlight the reasons of the American influence, namely the American Revolution.

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Territorial expansion after Independence

The Thirteen Colonies before Independence

Animated map

From colonies to independence...

John Trumbull's Declaration of Independence, showing the Committee of Five presenting its plan for independence to Congress on June 28, 1776.

of the American Revolution ?

what are the most

Important Events

https://www.slideshare.net/hemlock2197/rev-war-timeline-and-maps

Timeline of the American Independence War

George Washington in 1797, by Gilbert Stuart.

Famous historical Characters

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George Washington was born in 1732 into a family of Virginia planters. His father died when he was only 11 years old and his half-brother, Lawrence, took care of him. He bequeathed the Mount Vernon estate to him when he died in 1752. In 1754, George distinguished himself in the first battles between French and Indians during the Seven Years' War. Until 1755, he successfully completed his military missions and returned to Virginia. He marries and develops his domain. But, like other planters, he felt hampered by British regulations. In 1775, Congress appointed him commander-in-chief of the Continental Army, intended to fight the British occupier. After several victories and defeats, he obtained, with the help of the French, the surrender of the British in 1781, at Yorktown. He then returned to Mount Vernon, but found that the country needed a Constitution. He then participated in the drafting of the Constitution in Philadelphia in 1787. After the signing of the state delegates, George Washington was elected the first president of the United States in 1789. He served two four-year terms and retired in 1797. His presidency was marked by a desire to ensure the financial independence of the country and to develop foreign policy. It remained neutral, even when a war broke out in 1793 between the French and the British. At the end of his second term, he asked his countrymen to rise above partisan bickering and retired to Mount Vernon. He died at the age of 67 in 1799.

George Washington (1732-1799)

“Freedom is a fast-growing plant once it has taken root”

American politician, George Washington was born on February 22, 1732 in Pope's Creek, United States. He died on 14 December 1799 in Mount Vernon, United States. He was the hero of the War of Independence and was the first president of the United States, from 1789 to 1797. He is considered one of the founding fathers of the country and gives his name to the federal capital, one year after his death.

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Portrait of Benjamin Franklin by Joseph-Siffrein Duplessis (1785).

Born in 1706, Benjamin Franklin was an American scientist, inventor, politician and business man. He is best known as one of the founding Fathers of the USA and the only one who signed all three documents that freed America from Britain, The Declaration of independence, The American Constitution and The Treaty of Paris. We can say that Benjamin Franklin was one of the most important people of the USA, without him, everything could have been different…

Official Presidential portrait of Thomas Jefferson (by Rembrandt Peale, 1800)

Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)

"All mankind is divided into three classes: those that are immovable, those that are movable, and those that move."

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Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826)

“I prefer dangerous freedom over peaceful slavery.”

Thomas Jefferson was the third president of United States from 1801 to 1809. The American committee chose Jefferson to author the Declaration of Independence's first draft. He drafted one of the most beautiful and powerful testaments for liberty and equality in world history. Before being president, Thomas Jefferson was lawyer, governor, secretary of state and vice president. In addition, He founded the University of Virginia on March 7, 1825. He personally designed the campus, envisioned as an "academical village," and hand-selected renowned European scholars to serve as its professors. Thomas Jefferson participates during the American Revolution (1765-1784). He published his famous pamphlet “A Brief Overview of the Rights of British America” in 1774. This essay opens a new path for colonial independence and ranks Jefferson among the patriots of the American people. As the author of the Declaration of Independence, the foundational text of American democracy and one of the most important documents in world history, Jefferson will be forever revered as one of the great American Founding Fathers.

© Everett Historical/Shutterstock.com

Other interesting facts about the United States...

Emancipation of slaves

"Those who deny freedom to others deserve it not for themselves" Abraham Lincoln

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When Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1861, the southern states were afraid that he would outlaw slavery. They seceded from the United States and made their own country called the Confederacy. This started the Civil War. Eventually the North won the war and the southern states rejoined the Union. Emancipation Proclamation During the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln gave the Emancipation Proclamation which declared that the slaves in the South were free. Although, this did not free all the slaves immediately, it set the precedence for all slaves to be set free. The 13th Amendment In 1865, the 13th Amendment outlawing slavery was added to the U.S. Constitution.

Portrait of Abraham Lincoln, taken on November 8, 1863, by Alexander Gardner.

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Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865)

The Secession war, also known as the Civil War, conducted from 1861 to 1865, was the deadliest and most costly war in American history. During this period, more men died than in all the other wars combined in which this country took part, including the two world wars. It opposed The North (Union), led by Abraham Lincoln, and the The South (The Confederacy) led by Jefferson Davis. The event that triggered this war was the bombing of Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861. On the 19th, the Union imposed a blockade on the southern coasts. The main cause is slavery, eleven southern states led by Jefferson Davis were slaveholders, while the northern states led by Abraham Lincoln were abolitionists, but there were five slave-owning "border" states. The Confederate capital fell on April 2, 1865. The Civil War confirmed the single political entity of the United States, led to freedom for more than four million enslaved Americans, established a more powerful and centralized federal government, and laid the foundation for America's emergence as a world power in the 20th century. Though freedom did not lead to equality for former slaves, the Civil War initiated immense constitutional changes that re-defined the nature of American society and acted as a point of departure in the struggle for equal civil and human rights.

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The American Civil War (or War of Secession, 1861-1865)

Currently known as the 16th president of the United States, Abraham Lincoln is regarded as one of the greatest American heroes. He made great advancements particularly in the field of the civil liberties. Against all odds, Abraham Lincoln led the North of America during the Civil War and authored one of the most emblematic Constitution of the United states: the Emancipation Proclamation. We all know that Abraham Lincoln devoted his life to the abolition of slavery. The 13th amendment of the Constitution was legalized and in 1865, all the slaves were free.

The Klan has existed in three distinct areas at different points in time during the history of the United States. Each has advocated extremist reactionary positions such as white nationalism, anti-immigration and especially nordicism and anti-Catholicism. Klan violence worked to suppress black voting, and campaign seasons were deadly. More than 2,000 people were killed, wounded, or otherwise injured in Louisiana within a few weeks prior to the Presidential election of 1868. The KKK also killed and wounded more than 200 black Republicans, hunting and chasing them through the woods. In 1870, a federal grand jury determined that the Klan was a “terrorist organization” and issued hundreds of indictments for crimes of violence and terrorism. Klan members were prosecuted and many fled from areas that were under federal government jurisdiction. Many people not formally inducted into Klan had used the Klan’s costume to hide their identities when carrying out independent acts of violence which resulted in the KKK disband in 1869 as it was considerate “perverted from its original honorable and patriotic purposes”.

Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5CTG58jIlNA

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Ku Klux Klan

The Ku Klux Klan commonly called the KKK, is an American white supremacist hate group, often wearing masks and dressed in the organization’s signature: long white robes and hoods, whose primary target is African Americans. The 19th century Klan was originally organized as a social club. Indeed, from 1867 onward, African-American participation in public life in the South became one of the most radical aspects of Reconstruction that’s why the KKK quickly became a vehicle for Southern white underground resistance to Radical Reconstruction. Klan members sought the restoration of white supremacy through intimidation and violence aimed at the newly enfranchised black freedmen.

Logo of the Pinkerton agency

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The Pinkerton Agency

Sherlock Holmes before Sherlock Holmes

The Pinkerton National Detective Agency is a private American detective and security agency created by Allan Pinkerton in 1850. It originally specialized in railway theft cases, protecting trains and apprehending train robbers. It solved the $700,000 Adams Express Co. Pinkerton became famous when he claimed to have foiled a plot to assassinate president Abraham Lincoln in 1861, who later hired Pinkerton agents for his personal security during the Civil War. The company’s profile grew, its iconic logo a large, unblinking eye accompanied by the slogan “We Never Sleep” gave rise to the term “private eye” as a nickname for detectives. Pinkerton was the largest private law enforcement organization in the world at the height of its power.

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Ellis Island is located in Upper New York Bay. From 1892 to 1924, Ellis Island was America's largest and most active immigration station, where over 12 million immigrants were processed. The island has a land area of 27.5 acres (11.1 ha), much of which is from land reclamation. The first inspection station opened in 1892 and was destroyed by fire in 1897. The second station opened in 1900 and housed facilities for medical quarantines as well as processing immigrants. After a long sea voyage, immigrants arriving at Ellis Island were tagged with information from their ship’s registry; they then waited on long lines for medical and legal inspections to determine if they were fit for entry into the United States.

Ellis Island

The island of hope...

https://www.britannica.com/place/Ellis-Island

Did you know it?

The Boot Monument

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When you hear about monuments, your first idea is probably something historical or honorable. Well, that's not the case with this monument. The boot monument is an American Revolutionary War memorial located in Saratoga National Park in New York. It is the only monument honoring a traitor. In fact, it commemorates the military services of America’s greatest traitor, Benedict Arnold. If one day you happen to visit this monument, you will notice that there is no name on it. Do you want to know why? Well, Benedict Arnold, a former general of the Continental Army fighting against the British troops, turned his back on his own soldiers ! But why is a boot represented on the monumentt? Well certainly because Benedict Arnold's leg was wounded during his last battle : The battle of Saratoga.

by Chad Burns

Movie reviews

Trailer

by John Ford

Beyond the Mask (2015)

A movie full of unexpected twists !

Trailer

Action, Adventure, Romance…All those genres in a movie! Thanks to this diversity, I can tell you that Beyond the mask appeals to a very large audience. In this movie, Andrew Cheney wears many masks while playing William Reynolds, a former assassin for the British East India Company… The strengths of this movie are the acting, the coherence between the actions and especially the costumes that are very adapted to the time-line… and, for me, there is no weakness in this movie!

Drums Along the Mohawks (1939)

Passion, violence, love... An enticing film!

This motion picture from the novel of Walter Dumaux Edmonds deals with a recently married couple, Lana and Martin, who settled on a farm in the Mohawk Valley, populated by Indians. The War of Independence is destructive and its horror procession soon strickes the young couple. In my opinion, this movie is interesting to watch. However it is a Historical drama, it is a modern concept because we learn about the War through a couple as usual from the military. It would be really cool to watch it on a lazy afternoon. It is obviously not the taste of everyone but is not the most boring film ever. I don’t think children could love this type of film but I can say that Drums Along the Mohawks has everything, drama, humor, action and especially LOVE.

by Peter H. Hunt

Film

For the country lovers!

1776 (1972)

A fascinating vision of History!

Trailer

In this musical, Peter H. Hunt brings to life the most fascinating leaders in American history! This movie is a musical retelling of the American Revolution's political struggle in the Continental Congress to declare independence. At least once a year, every American should watch this musical. If we didn’t know how it all turned out, the suspense would be unbearable. This movie does a great job capturing the atmosphere in Philadelphia of a blazing hot summer made even more unbearable by the heated tempers of the exhausted and irritated delegates from the 13 colonies. Moreover, there are several characters that provide comic beliefs such as Benjamin Franklin, who’s particularly hilarious. It could be a great choice for a fun and educational movie night for older kids because the story is a bit slow moving, so younger kids may not follow the story well.

America (1924)

by D. W. Griffith

The story shifts between the British in northern New York, and the colonial patriots in Massachusetts and Virginia. The first part of the film illustrates a romance engaging Nathan Holden, an express rider and minute man, and Nancy Montague, a beautiful woman and daughter of Justice Montague a Tory judge who is against this relationship. However, this movie portays the struggle of under-manned colonists against the British redcoats at Lexington and other landmarks of the American Revolution shown including the Boston Tea Party. Nevertheless, this epic tale about the American Revolution is an interesting back in the past as it describes perfectly the war and the political situation. If you want to watch this incredible film, click on Film under the poster !

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by Mikael Salomon

Trailer

If you are looking for an adventurous and tragic film, Revolution is made for you !

Benedict Arnold, a question of honor (2003)

A fascinating vision of History!

Trailer

Benedict Arnold is an American citizen known as the biggest traitor of the American Revolution, but before that, he was one of the best generals fighting by George Washington’ side during the war. It’s because of a huge dilemma between his loyalty for his country and his love for a manipulative Philadelphia woman, Peggy Shippen, that Benedict Arnold attempts to assassinate his own mentor, George Washington. A really good movie, sometimes hard to understand because it sums up 7 years of Revolution in only 1h36mins but it is really interesting. Doubt, treason, blood, murder... that’s the story of the revolution. A war which changed England, America, the power of the crown of England and people forever. You won’t regret watching this movie.

Revolution (1985)

by Hugh Hudson

This film takes place in America at the beginnings of the American Revolution. Tom Dobbs, a Scottish widower, who just arrived in New York, is looking for his son Ned who has been recruited in the revolutionary army. Even though Tom tries not to get involved in the war, he will get recruited in turn by the Americans and the Red Coats. In all this fighting, he will meet Daisy McConnahay, the rebellious daughter of a cynically Tory merchant family. In most American Revolutionary War films, the American patriots are always portrayed as the heroes, and the British, always portrayed as the villains. But, Revolution is pretty even-handed. Before starting Revolution, I admit being a bit worried about the movie being boring. But it really wasn’t! I highly recommend you watching this film because it will make you discover the American Revolutionary War in a new way !

Film

by Michael Curtiz

Trailer

A great American action movie!

Sons of Liberty (1939)

A very interesting biopic!

A biopic on American patriot and financer Haym Solomon, who was a member of the patriots' organization, Sons of Liberty and his crucial role in the American Revolution.

The Patriot (2000)

by Roland Emmerich

A widowed farmer, who was previously a brave military, decides not to join up when the British arrive in 1776. However, when his son enlists and is later captured by the enemy, the former soldier must abandon his new-found pacifist principles in order to rescue his oldest child, and forms a regiment of Carolina patriots, whose guerrilla tactics prove pivotal to the US war effort. I personally enjoyed watching this film because first of all it is historically correct, therefore this movie appeals to anyone who wants to discover the American revolution, some people might find the fight scenes a little bit violent (although they are fantastic), but it's better this way because it's representative of a real war.

Down 1/ Well-trained volunteer soldiers who defended the American colonies at a minute's notice. 2/ The overthrow of a government to establish a new system. 3/ A type of government that is ruled directly by the people. 5/ A blade attached to the end of a musket. 7/ A term for a British soldier.

Accross 4/ To refuse to buy items from a particular country. 6/ The betrayal of one's country by giving help to the enemy 8/ An area of land that is under the control of a country, but not fully part of the country. 9/ A written request signed by many people 10/ A set of documents and laws that define the government of a country.

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