Samsun

SAMSUN/TURKEY

HISTORY

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Samsun was

Samsun

Samsun was one of the important cities of the region which was known as Pahlagania in antiquity. The earliest seetlements in Samsun dates back to the old ages according to the findings from the caves situated to the south of Tekkeköy. During the reign of Sultan Mehmet Çelebi it fell under the Ottoman rule. The most important role played by Samsun in recent history was to be chasen as landing site for Mustafa Kemal Pasha and his close associates on 19 May 1919, at the initiation of the Turkish War of Liberation. Since 1936, when it was declared the commemoration of Atatürk, Youth and Sports Day, 19 may has been officially celebrated with processions and festivities all over TURKEY.

AMAZONS OF TERME

Ancient history makes many references to the Amazon, who were said to be women warriors mounted on horses,wielding bows and arrows and double-headed axes. According to the legend, their right breasts were cut off in childhood to enable them to use their bows more effectively;thus, they were named as ''AMAZON'' which means ''without breasts''. The poet Hamer, born in İzmir, said that the Amazons ''fought as if they were men''and affirmed that they had stood by Tray in the Throjon War. These female warriors founded their capital Terme an the black sea cost, where they practised some interesting customs. As legend has it, the male population was used as servants. Female warriors united with the mens for one purpose only to ensure the production of the next generation, after which the males would be killed. Rumour also says that they killed or maimed the young boys, and raised the girls in their own image to be warriors. Amazons have provided an absorbing subject for many artists,whose works can be seen today in museum around the world. Among the most famous of these are the Amazon statues of Phedios, Polykeoitos and Kresilas renowned sculptors of the 5th century BC, known to us pricipally through Roman copies and Ruben's painting ''The battle of the Amazons.''

ANTIQUE CITY OF AMISOS

Samsun has always been the centre and focal point of the region. The city developed through several stages. Beginning as a small settlement in the 6th century BC, it later became a colony of Milet(Miletus) after which Cappadocian and Phocaen people settled in the city. The fate of Amisos has been intimately connected to, and influenced by the civilisations that have in turn dominated the region.Samsun developed into an important trading port on the Black Sea. Archaeological research indicates that Samsun has been connected not only with the central parts of Anatolia,but also with other Black Sea ports, from the time of the Chalcolithic or Capper-Stone Age. Besides trading and seamanship, the Amisos of Antiquity paid great attention to the arts. There is evidence that threatre groups were formed and masks were produced for performances.This masks symbolizing threatre among the works surviving until today. The magnificent treasure and mosaic of Amisos are on display at the museum of Archaeology and Etnography in Samsun. It is a must to visit Amisos in the tour of the Black Sea region to better know the SAMSUN.

BANDIRMA STEAMSHIP

A replica of the Bandırma Steamship that brought Mustafa Kemal Pasha and his entourage to Samsun on 19 May 1919. Serves as a museum and is open to the visitors in the Eastern Park. It also displays life-size wax figures of Atatürk and his retinue.

ATATURK

Also known as the Manument of Honour and commissionared for erection in the city park on Cumhuriyet (republic). Hight street, the statue eas sculpted and positioned between 1928 and 1931. The high base has reliefs depicting Atatürk's landing in Samsun as well as important events in the National Struggle, while the statue itself presents Ghazi in military attire riding a curvetting horse. It is considered to be one of the most important monumental statues in the world. As it has been a symbol of the city it is the favourite spot for holiday snapshoots.

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