Pre=AP Chemistry: Ions

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A Pre-AP Chemistry Journey

HEROES OF THE GALAXY

You have learned that not all atoms of an element are the same. Variation in the number of neutrons results in different isotopes of the element. In this activity we will explore another variation that can take place—the loss and gain of electrons. The exchange of electrons between atoms is a very common way for chemical change to take place. We will see it many times throughout the year.You have learned that not all atoms of an element are the same. Variation in the number of neutrons results in different isotopes of the element.

Why?

Let's Go

Evil Mrs. Bruce has stolen all of the information from Earth about ions. Your mission is to track her down, recover the stolen information, and figure out how ions are made from neutral atoms. To do this, we must explore the galaxy.

-THE MISSION-

Inventory

-THE SYSTEM-

See if Mrs. Bruce is somewhere on planet 1Find the four extraction points.

Back to the ship

You can't leave until you answer some questions...

Let's go>

¡Stop!

Metal

Nonmetal

1.Is Lithium a metal or nonmetal?

Use me to answer the Question

No

Yes

2. For Lithium, is the number of protons the samein the atom and the ion?

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Yes

No

3.Is the number of neutrons the same in the atom and the ion for Lithium?

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Yes

No

4.Is the number of electrons the same in the atom and the ion for Lithium?

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Nonmetal

Metal

1. Is Magnesium a metal or nonmetal?

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No

Yes

2. For Magnesium, is the number of protons the same in the atom and the ion?

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Yes

No

3 .Is the number of neutrons the same in the atom and the ion for Magnesium?

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Yes

No

4 .Is the number of electrons the same in the atom and the ion for Magnesium?

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Nonmetal

Metal

1. Is Aluminum a metal or nonmetal?

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Yes

No

2 .Is the number of neutrons the same in the atom and the ion for Aluminum?

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Yes

No

3 .Is the number of electrons the same in the atom and the ion for Aluminum?

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Nonmetal

Metal

1. Is Fluorine a metal or nonmetal?

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Yes

No

2 .Is the number of protons the same in the atom and the ion for Fluorine?

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Yes

No

3 .Is the number of neutrons the same in the atom and the ion for Fluorine?

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Yes

No

1 .Is the number of electrons the same in the atom and the ion for Fluorine?

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Yes

No

2 .Is the number of protons the same in the atom and the ion for oxygen?

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Nonmetal

Metal

1. Is Nitrogen a metal or nonmetal?

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Yes

No

2 .Is the number of protons the same in the atom and the ion for Nitrogen?

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Yes

No

3. Is the number of neutrons the same in the atom and the ion for Nitrogen?

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Yes

No

4 .Is the number of electrons the same in the atom and the ion for Nitrogen?

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Continue

You've got the first gem. Collect all the gems and your ship will be powerful enough to catch Mrs. Bruce and recover the information about ions!

CONGRATULATIONS!

Retry

Mrs. Brue has gotten away. The earth will never know anything else about ions.

MISSION FAILED

Inventory

-THE SYSTEM-

Review what you've learned at extraction points 1 and 2. Review a video on extraction point 3. See if Mrs. Bruce is there. Click on the other extraction piont to see if she left anything behind that will be useful to figuring out where she's gone!

Back to the ship!

Watch the video if you need additional help with ions.

Let's Go>

You can't leave until you answer some questions...

¡Stop!

Different number of protons

Different number of neutrons

Different number of electrons

1. Based on the table you completed leaving the first planet, what distinguishes a neutral atom from an ion?

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Superscript

Subscript

2. Where is the ion charge located in the isotope symbol?

Examine the isotope symbols in Model 1 (big alien)

Use us to answer the Question

No

Yes

3. Is a charge indicated on the neutral atoms? If yes, where?

Examine the isotope symbols in Model 1 (big alien)

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Protons

Neutrons

4. Which subatomic particle carries a positive charge?

Examine the isotope symbols in Model 1 (big alien)

Electrons

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Protons

Neutrons

5. Which subatomic particle carries a negative charge?

Examine the isotope symbols in Model 1 (big alien)

Electrons

Use us to answer the Question

Propose a mathematical equation to calculate the charge on an ion from the number of protons and electrons in an ion. Confirm that your equation works using two positive ion examples and two negative ion examples from Model 1 (big alien).When you answer this question with your group, see your teacher. If you get the answer correct, you'll enter it on the next page.

-Key Question-

Use us to answer the Question

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<Retry

WRONG PASSWORD

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Mrs. Bruce has locked away one of the gems but your teacher has the code! When you solve the problem and check with your teacher, enter it below.

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Mrs. Bruce has locked away one of the gems but your teacher has the code! When you solve the problem and check with your teacher, enter it below.

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Mrs. Bruce has locked away one of the gems but your teacher has the code! When you solve the problem and check with your teacher, enter it below.

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Mrs. Bruce has locked away one of the gems but your teacher has the code! When you solve the problem and check with your teacher, enter it below.

Continue

You've got the second gem. You're one step closer to making your ship fast and getting all of the gems and catching Mrs. Bruce!

CONGRATULATIONS!

Retry

MISSION FAILED

Mrs. Brue has gotten away. The earth will never know anything else about ions.

Inventory

-THE SYSTEM-

Back to the ship

Review what you've learned at extraction points 1, 2, and 3. See if Mrs. Bruce is there. Click on the other extraction piont to see if she left anything behind that will be useful to figuring out where she's gone!

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

You just missed her... hurry maybe you can catch her! ​​

Let's Go>

You can't leave until you answer some questions...

¡Stop!

38

50

88

1. What is the atomic number for the this symbol?

Read This

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Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

88

50

38

2. What is the mass nmber for this symbol?

Read This

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Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

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36

88

38

3. What is the number of protons for this symbol?

Read This

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

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36

88

38

4. What is the number of electrons for this symbol?

Read This

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

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36

88

50

5. What is the number of neutrons for this symbol?

Read This

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

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Anion

Cation

6. Is this a cation or anion?

Read This

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

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16

18

32

1. What is the atomic number for the this symbol?

Read This

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

16

18

32

2. What is the Mass Number for the this symbol?

Read This

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

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16

18

32

3. What is the number of protons for this symbol?

Read This

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

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16

18

32

4. What is the number of electrons for this symbol?

Read This

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

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16

18

32

5. What is the number of neutrons for this symbol?

Read This

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

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Anion

Cation

6. Cation or anion?

Read This

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

​​

1. What is the symbol when an element has a Mass number of 70, the number of protons is 31, and the number of electrons is 28?

Read This

-

+

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

1. What is the symbol when an element has a Mass number of 70, the number of protons is 31, and the number of electrons is 28?

Read This

-

+

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

1. What is the symbol when an element has a Mass number of 70, the number of protons is 31, and the number of electrons is 28?

Read This

-

+

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

1. What is the symbol when an element has a Mass number of 70, the number of protons is 31, and the number of electrons is 28?

Read This

-

+

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

42

28

31

2. What is the atomic number for this symbol?

Read This

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

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42

28

39

2. What is the number of neutrons for this symbol?

Read This

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

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​​

Anion

Cation

3. Is this a cation or anion?

Read This

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

​​

​​

1. What is the symbol when an element has a Atomic Number is 35, the number of electrons is 36, and the number of neutrons is 45?

Read This

-

+

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

​​

1. What is the symbol when an element has a Atomic Number is 35, the number of electrons is 36, and the number of neutrons is 45?

Read This

-

+

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

​​

1. What is the symbol when an element has a Atomic Number is 35, the number of electrons is 36, and the number of neutrons is 45?

Read This

-

+

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

​​

1. What is the symbol when an element has a Atomic Number is 35, the number of electrons is 36, and the number of neutrons is 45?

Read This

-

+

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

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45

80

35

2. What is the Mass Number for this symbol?

Read This

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

​​

​​

45

80

35

2. What is the number of Protons for this symbol?

Read This

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

​​

​​

Anion

Cation

3. Is this a cation or anion?

Read This

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

​​

​​

Could a +3 ion of aluminum be made by adding three protons to an aluminum atom? Explain.One of your classmates is having trouble understanding ions. He explains the formation of a cation like this: “When you add an electron, you get a positive charge because adding is positive in math.” a. As a group, explain in a grammatically correct sentence why this student is incorrect. b. Provide a better description of how math relates to electrons and ion formation.When you answer these questions with your group, see your teacher. If you get the answer correct, you'll enter a code on the next page to get the next gem.

-Key Question-

Click us for help

Read This

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

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​​

Continue

You've got the third gem. You're one step closer to making your ship faster, getting all of the gems and catching Mrs. Bruce!

CONGRATULATIONS!

Retry

MISSION FAILED

Mrs. Brue has gotten away. The earth will never know anything else about ions.

Inventory

-THE SYSTEM-

Review what you've learned at extraction points 1, 2, and 3. See if Mrs. Bruce is there. Click on the other extraction piont to see if she left anything behind that will be useful to figuring out where she's gone!

Back to the ship

​​

​​

Hurry before she gets away!

​​

Let's Go>

You cant leave until you answer some questions...

¡Stop!

Anions

Cations

1.Consider the ions listed in model 2 (the spaceship)In general, do nonmetals form anions or cations?

Read This

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

​​

​​

Anions

Cations

2.Consider the ions listed in model 2 (the spaceship) In general, do metals form anions or cations?

Read This

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

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Helium

Hydrogen

2.Consider the ions listed in model 2 (the spaceship) Which nonmetal appears to be an exception to these guidelines?

Read This

Potassium

Neon

Use us to answer the Question

Chemists refer to positively charged ions as cations. Chemists refer to negatively charged ions as anions.

​​

​​

Continue

You've got the fourth gem. Your ship is now fast enough - you should catch up to Mrs. Bruce in no time!

CONGRATULATIONS!

Retry

MISSION FAILED

Mrs. Brue has gotten away. The earth will never know anything else about ions.

Inventory

-THE SYSTEM-

You've caught up to her! Enter the portal to Mrs. Bruce's secret headquarters.

Back to the ship

Which way?

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Halogens

Transition Metals

Noble Gasses

1. Name the family of elements that make 1- anions as shown in model 2. (click the planet)

Halogens

Transition Metals

Alkaline Earth Metals

2. Name the family of elements that make 2+ cations as shown in model 2 (click the planet)

Transition Metals

Non-Metals

Metals

3. In Model 2 there are several elements whose atoms make more than one type of ion. Where in the periodic table are these elements usually found? (click the planet)

Retry

MISSION FAILED

Mrs. Brue has gotten away. The earth will never know anything else about ions.

You've caught Mrs. Bruce, recovered the information about ions, and saved the future of Chemistry!

MISSION SUCCESS