Minerals and Rocks

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MINERALS AND ROCKS

The world needs you! Travel around the Universe and show everything you know about Rocks and Minerals. Gather all the materials you need to save the Planet Earth.We are counting on you!

-MISSION-

The planet Earth has been invaded! The invadors stole two minerals and two rocks, whith which they could destroy our entire planet they just have ti put the 4 materials together and... PUM! ... our planet will be reduced to ashed.

We need your help! Travel around the Universe, show everything you know about rocks and minerals and snatch the materials from invadors. Finally find the key to disable the missel that could detroy Earth. The world trusts you!!

-MISSION-

Expert

ARNALDA

Scientist

You

ARMSTRONG

Commander

Pilot

TERESHKOVA

-CREW-

Inventory

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There is no mention to the word stone in Geology, rather rock or mineral. Rocks are naturally formed, consolidated material composed of grains of one or more minerals, as a consequence of a geological process.

Types of minerals: copper, sulfur, quartz, diamond, calcite, graphite, etc.

Types of rocks: granite, marble, slate, quartzite, conglomerate, etc.

Minerals are solid, natural and inorganic substances that have a definite chemical composition and an interior ordered structure

You can not go any further without answering to a few questions...

Answer>>

Wait!

c) It is consolidated material composed of one or more minerals, as a consequence of a geological process.

b) It is an artificial aggregate of one or more minerals as

a) It is consolidated material composed of one or more minerals, as a consequence of a biological process

1. What is a rock?

c) It is an organic solid of natural origin that has a varied chemical composition and an ordered internal structure

b) It is an organic solid of natural origin that has a fixed chemical composition and an ordered internal structure

a) It is an inorganic solid of natural origin that has a fixed chemical composition and an ordered internal structure

2. What is a mineral?

c) Zinc and Titanium

b) Granite and Quartz

a) Slate and Marble

3. Choose the answer that names a rock and a mineral

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You've got your first rock.

CONGRATULATIONS!

GRANITE

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GRANITO

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Properties of minerals according to their interaction with light Luster: describes the appearance of a mineral when light is reflected from its surface. Transparency: the amount of light able to be passed through a mineral. Color: the color the mineral presents. Fluorescence: when exposed to ultraviolet light some minerals "glow"

Properties of minerals according to chemical reactions Reaction with acids Solubility Radioactivity

Properties of minerals according to their composition and structure Density: relationship between the mass of a mineral and the volume it occupies. Conductivity: ease of a mineral to transmit electric current. Crystal Form: describes the appearance and shape of the mineral.

Properties of minerals in response to an effort Hardness: Resistance offered by the surface of the mineral to be scratched. Fractures: breakage of a mineral along an irregular surface. Cleavage: how it breaks when put under stress, in successive thin shells, or spalls

Answer>>

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c) Color, Fluorescence, Solubility and Luster

b) Luster, Color, Crystal Form and Fluorescence

a) Color, Luster, Transparency and Fluorescence

1. Which properties depend on interaction with light?

c) Breakage of a mineral along an irregular surface.

b) How it breaks when put under stress

a) Breakage of a mineral along an regular surface.

2. What is the mineral Cleavage?

c) the appearance and shape of the mineral

b) ease of a mineral to transmit electric current

a) relationship between the mass of a mineral and the volume it occupies

3. Crystal form describes...

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You've got your first mineral.

CONGRATULATIONS!!

QUARTZ

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CUARZO

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Rocks classification Sedimentary rocks : are formed in layers as in sediments. Are classified in:

• Clastic Rocks: composed of other rock fragments.
• Chemical Rocks: the accumulation of materials on the surface is product of chemical reactions.
• Biochemical Rocks: sometimes living beings form rocks due to the accumulation of their remains

Rocks classification Igneous rocks : are formed in when magma cools and hardens

• Intrusive Rocks: its solidification occours on the inside
• Extrusive sRocks: its solidification occours on the outside

Classification of minerals

• Native elements: formed by a single chemical element.
• Halides: with color, iodine or fluoride.
• Oxides: metals combine with oxygen..
• Sulfides: combinations of sulfur and a metal.
• Carbonates: contain carbon and oxygen.
• Sulfates: sulfur and oxygen compounds..
• Phosphates: with phosphorus and oxygen.
• Silicates : with silicon and oxygen.

Rocks classification Metamorphic Rocks: arise from the transformation of existing rock types when subjected to heat and pressure, not melting though.

• Foliated Rocks
• Non-foliated Rocks

Answer>>

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c) Sulfides, Halides and carbonates

b) Halides, ribulose and carbonates

a) Sulfides, ribulose and carbonates

1. Choose the answer which indicates 3 chemical compositions of minerals´ classification:

c) other rock fragments

b) high heat and pressure

a) accumulation of materials on the surface

2. Clastic Rocks are the one formed by:

c) Sedimentary Rocks

b) Metamorphic Rocks

a) Intrusive Rocks

3. Rocks which solidification occurs on the inside are called:

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You've got your second rock.

CONGRATULATIONS!

MARBLE

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MÁRMOL

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Utility of Rocks

• For the construction. Example: blackboard
• For the energy industry. Example: coal.
• For chemical use. Example: phosphate rocks.
• For ornamental use. Example: marble.

Rocks Cycle

Review Video

Utility of Minerals

• For the metal industry. Example: magnetite.
• For the construction. Example: plaster.
• For the chemical industry. Example: pyrite.
• For jewelry. Example: gold
• For the food industry. Example: halite.

Answer>>

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Wait!

c) Chemical industry

b) Jewelry

a) Construction

1. Pyrite is a mineral of use for:

c) Energy industry

b) Construction

a) Ornamental purposes

2. Marble is a rock of use for:

c) Heat and pressure, melting, cooling and weathering and erosion

b) Heat and pressure, condensation, cooling and weathering and erosion

a) Heat and pressure, melting, evaporation and cooling

3. Which are the 4 steps of the rocks´ cycle?

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You've got your second mineral.

CONGRATULATIONS!

Diamond

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Inventory

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GRANITO

CUARZO

MÁRMOL

DIAMANTE

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MARBLE

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c) Naturally formed composed of grains of one or more minerals

b) Manufactured materials in the chemical industries

a) Waste materials from blast furnaces

1. Rocks can be defined as:

c) Fractures, hardness and cleavage

b) Color, luster and transparency

a) Density, conductivity and crystal form

2. Which mineral properties depend on its composition and structure?

c) Sulfides are composed by of sulfur and a metal

b) Igneous rocks are formed in layers as in sediment

a) Luster is a mineral property which defines its color

3. Which of the following statements is correct?

c) Cementation

b) Cooling

a) Melting

4. The step from magma to Igneous Rocks is called:

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Congratulations!You have saved Planet Earth

MISSION COMPLETE